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Dr. Mary Afzali - Mary Afzali - Mary Afzali, DDS Biography - Home smileandshinecosmeticdent... | St. Mary's Medical Center - St. Mary's School of Nursing Pinning stmarys.bulldogcreative.c... |
Mary Patricia McAleese (Irish: Máire Pádraigín Bean Mhic Ghiolla Íosa;[1][2] born 27 June 1951) is the eighth and current President of Ireland. She is Ireland's second female president and the world's first woman to succeed another woman as an elected head of state. She was first elected president in 1997 and won a second term, without a contest, in 2004. McAleese was born in Belfast, becoming the first President to come from Northern Ireland. Prior to becoming president she was a barrister, journalist and academic.
[edit] BackgroundMcAleese was born Mary Patricia Leneghan (Irish: Máire Pádraigín Ní Lionnacháin) in Ardoyne, Belfast where she grew up. Her family was forced to leave the area by loyalists when the Troubles broke out.[3] She was educated at St Dominic's High School, she also spent some time when younger with the Poor Clares, the Queen's University of Belfast (from which she graduated in 1973), and Trinity College Dublin. She was called to the Northern Ireland Bar in 1974 and is today also a member of the Bar in the Republic of Ireland. In 1975 she was appointed Reid Professor of Criminal Law, Criminology and Penology in Trinity College, succeeding Mary Robinson (a succession that would repeat itself twenty years later, when McAleese assumed the presidency). During the same decade she acted as legal advisor to, and a founding member of, the Campaign for Homosexual Law Reform, but she left this position in 1979 to join RTÉ as a journalist and presenter, during one period as a reporter and presenter for their Today Tonight programme. In 1976 she married Martin McAleese. In 1981 she returned to the Reid Professorship, but continued to work part-time for RTÉ for a further four years. In 1987 she returned to Queen's University to become Director of the Institute of Professional Legal Studies. In the same year she stood, unsuccessfully, as a Fianna Fáil candidate in the general election. McAleese was a member of the Catholic Church Episcopal Delegation to the New Ireland Forum in 1984 and a member of the Catholic Church delegation to the Northern Ireland Commission on Contentious Parades in 1996. She was also a delegate to the 1995 White House Conference on Trade and Investment in Ireland and to the subsequent Pittsburgh Conference in 1996. In 1994, she became the Pro-Vice Chancellor of the Queen's University of Belfast, the first woman and second Catholic to hold the position. Prior to becoming president in 1997 McAleese had also held the following positions:
[edit] Presidency
In 1997 McAleese defeated former Taoiseach Albert Reynolds in an internal party election held to determine the Fianna Fáil nomination for the Irish presidency. In 1990 the journalist and commentator Eoghan Harris referred to her as a "tribal time bomb".[4] Her opponents in the 1997 presidential election were Mary Banotti of Fine Gael, Adi Roche (the Labour Party candidate) and two independents: Dana Rosemary Scallon and Derek Nally. She won the seat for presidency with 45.2% of first preference votes. In the second and final count against Banotti, she won 58.7% of preferences. On 11 November 1997, she was inaugurated as the eighth President of Ireland, the first time in history that a woman had succeeded another woman as an elected head of state anywhere in the world. McAleese's initial seven year term of office ended in November 2004, but she announced on 14 September of that year that she would be standing for a second term in the 2004 presidential election. Following the failure of any other candidate to secure the necessary support for a nomination, the incumbent president stood unopposed, with no political party affiliation, and was declared elected on 1 October. She was officially re-inaugurated at the commencement of her second seven year term on 11 November. McAleese's very high job approval ratings were widely seen as the reason for her re-election, with no opposition party willing to bear the cost (financial or political) of competing in an election that would prove very difficult to win.[5] McAleese has said that the theme of her presidency is "building bridges". The first individual born in Northern Ireland to become President of Ireland, President McAleese is a regular visitor to Northern Ireland, where she has been on the whole warmly welcomed by both communities, confounding the critics who had believed she would be a divisive figure. She is also an admirer of Queen Elizabeth II, whom she came to know when she was Pro-Vice Chancellor of Queen's. It is said to be one of her major personal ambitions to host the first ever visit to the Republic of Ireland by a British head of state. In March 1998, McAleese announced that she would officially celebrate the Twelfth of July as well as Saint Patrick's Day, recognising the day's importance among Ulster Protestants. She also incurred some criticism from the Irish Roman Catholic hierarchy by taking communion in an Anglican (Church of Ireland) Cathedral in Dublin. On 27 January 2005, following her attendance at the ceremony commemorating the sixtieth anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz concentration camp, she caused controversy by making reference to the way in which some Protestant children in Northern Ireland had been brought up to hate Catholics just as European children "for generations, for centuries" were encouraged to hate Jews.[6][7][8] These remarks caused outrage among unionist politicians. McAleese later apologised,[9] conceding that, because she had criticised only the sectarianism found on one side of the community, her words had been unbalanced. On 22 May 2005, she was the Commencement Speaker at Villanova University in Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA The visit prompted protests by conservatives due to the President's professing heterodox Roman Catholic views on homosexuality and women in priesthood. She was the commencement speaker at the University of Notre Dame on 21 May 2006. In her commencement address, among other topics, she spoke of her pride at Notre Dame's Irish heritage, including the nickname the "Fighting Irish". Since 19 November 2005, she is the longest-serving current female elected Head of State following the retirement of Chandrika Kumaratunga of Sri Lanka. On 3 May 2007, she was awarded the The American Ireland Fund Humanitarian Award. On 3 June 2007 she attended the canonization in Rome of Saint Charles of Mount Argus, her fifth visit to the Vatican in two years. On 31 October 2007 she was awarded an honorary doctorate of laws from the University of Otago, New Zealand. On 24 May 2009 she was awarded an honorary doctorate of law from Mount Holyoke College, in, South Hadley, Massachussetts. President Mary McAleese is a member of the Council of Women World Leaders, an International network of current and former women presidents and prime ministers whose mission is to mobilize the highest-level women leaders globally for collective action on issues of critical importance to women and equitable development. [edit] Council of State[edit] Meetings
[edit] Presidential appointeesFirst term
Second term
[edit] References
[edit] Further Reading
[edit] External links
Categories: 1951 births | Living people | Presidents of Ireland | 20th-century national presidents in Europe | 21st-century national presidents in Europe | Current national leaders | Female heads of state | Alumni of Queen's University Belfast | Academics of Queen's University Belfast | People associated with Trinity College, Dublin | Barristers from Northern Ireland | Members of the Bar of Northern Ireland | Irish legal academics | People from Belfast | LGBT rights activists from Ireland | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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