Manlia (gens) Information & Manlia (gens) Links at HealthHaven.com

For other uses of this name, see Manlius (disambiguation).

The gens Manlia was one of the oldest and noblest patrician houses at Rome, from the earliest days of the Republic until imperial times. The first of the gens to obtain the consulship was Gnaeus Manlius Cincinnatus, consul in 480 B.C. The family was probably numbered amongst the gentes maiores, the most important of the patrician families.^[1]

[edit] Origin of the gens

The Manlii were said to hail from the ancient Latin city of Tusculum. The nomen Manlia may be a patronymic surname, based on the praenomen Manius, presumably the name of an ancestor of the gens. The gens Manilia was derived from the same name. However, Manius was not used by any of the Manlii in historical times.^[2]

[edit] Praenomina used by the gens

The Manlii used the praenomina Publius, Gnaeus, Aulus, Lucius, and Marcus. The Manlii Torquati also favored the name Titus, using primarily that, Aulus, and Lucius.^[3]

A well-known story relates that after Marcus Manlius Capitolinus was condemned for treason, the Roman Senate decreed that henceforth none of the gens should bear the praenomen Marcus. However, this legend may have originated as a way to explain the scarcity of the name amongst the Manlii, as the name was occasionally used in later generations.^[4]

[edit] Branches and cognomina of the gens

The earliest cognomen found amongst the Manlii is Cincinnatus, better known as a cognomen of the Quinctii. This name, probably referring to a person with fine, curly hair, may have been a personal surname, as it does not seem to have been used by later generations. The cognomen Vulso appeared shortly thereafter, and this family flourished for over three hundred years. Several other early Manlii appear without cognomina.^[5]

The family of the Capitolini was descended from the Vulsones, and appears at the beginning of the fourth century B.C.. The surname Capitolinus probably indicates that the family lived on the Capitoline Hill, although the role of Marcus Manlius in saving the Capitol from the Gauls during the sack of Rome in 390 B.C. is also credited with establishing the name in his family. The surname was relatively short-lived amongst the Manlii, being replaced by that of Torquatus. Imperiosus was a cognomen belonging to some of the Capitolini and Torquati, bestowed on account of their imperious manner.^[6]

The Torquati were descended from the Capitolini, and obtained their surname from Titus Manlius Imperiosus, who defeated a giant Gaul during a battle in 361 B.C., and took his torque as a trophy, placing it around his own neck. The descendants of Torquatus remained prominent until the final decades of the Republic.^[7]

The Manlii Acidini rose to prominence during the Second Punic War, and like the Torquati, held the highest offices of the state from then until the end of the Republic.^[8]

[edit] Members of the gens

[edit] Early Manlii

Gnaeus Manlius P.f. Cincinnatus, consul in 480 B.C., fell in battle against the Etruscans.

[edit] Manlii Vulsones

Gnaeus Manlius Cn. f. Vulso, consul in 474 B.C.
Aulus Manlius Cn. f. P. n. Vulso, decemvir in 451 B.C.
Marcus Manlius (A. f. Cn. n.) Vulso, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 420 B.C.^[9]
Aulus Manlius A. f. Cn. n. Vulso Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 405, 402, and 397 B.C.^[10]^[11]
Lucius Manlius A. f. P. n. Vulso Longus, consul in 256 and 250 B.C.
Lucius Manlius Vulso, unsuccessful candidate for the consulship in 216 B.C.^[12]
Publius Manlius Vulso, praetor in B.C. 210, received Sardinia as his province.^[13]
Gnaeus Manlius Cn. f. L. n. Vulso, consul in 189 B.C.
Lucius Manlius Cn. f. L. n. Vulso, praetor in 197 B.C., received Sicilia as his province.^[14]^[15]
Aulus Manlius Cn. f. L. n. Vulso, consul in 178 B.C.

[edit] Manlii Capitolini

Marcus Manlius Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 434 B.C.^[16]
Lucius Manlius Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 422 B.C.^[17]
Aulus Manlius A. f. Cn. n. Vulso Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 405, 402, and 397 B.C.^[18]^[19]
Marcus Manlius T. f. A. n. Capitolinus, consul in 392 B.C., the deliverer of the Capitol from the Gauls.
Aulus Manlius A. f. A. n. Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 389, 385, 383 and 370 B.C.
Gnaeus Manlius Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 385 B.C. (called Gaius by T. Livius).^[20]
Publius Manlius A. f. A. n. Capitolinus, tribunus militum consulari potestate in 379 and 367, and dictator in 368 B.C.
Lucius Manlius A. f. A. n. Capitolinus Imperiosus, dictator in 363 B.C.
Gnaeus Manlius L. f. A. n. Capitolinus Imperiosus, consul in 359 and 357 B.C.

[edit] Manlii Torquati

Titus Manlius L. f. A. n. Imperiosus Torquatus, dictator in 353, 349, and 320; consul in 347, 344, and 340 B.C.
Titus Manlius T. f. L. n. Torquatus, executed by his father for disobeying an order, 340 B.C.
Titus Manlius (T. f. T. n.) Torquatus, consul in 299 B.C., thrown from his horse and killed.
Lucius Manlius (T. f. T. n.) Torquatus, legate of Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus in the great campaign of 295 B.C.^[21]
Aulus Manlius T. f. T. n. Torquatus Atticus, consul in 244 and 241 B.C.
Titus Manlius T. f. T. n. Torquatus (d. 202 B.C.), consul in 235 and 224, and dictator in 208 B.C.
Aulus Manlius T. f. T. n. Torquatus, grandson of Atticus.^[22]
Titus Manlius A. f. T. n. Torquatus, consul in 165 B.C.
Aulus Manlius A. f. T. n. Torquatus, consul in 164 B.C.
Titus Manlius T. f. Torquatus, witness on behalf of Gnaeus Plancius in 54 B.C.^[23]
Aulus Manlius Torquatus, propraetor of Africa circa 70 B.C.^[24]
Lucius Manlius L. f. Torquatus, consul in 65 B.C.
Aulus Manlius (A. f.) Torquatus, praetor in 52 B.C., supported Gnaeus Pompeius during the civil war.
Lucius Manlius L. f. L. n. Torquatus, partisan of Pompeius, taken prisoner and slain in 46 B.C.
Titus Manlius (T. f. T. n.) Torquatus, quaestor of Gaius Vibius Pansa in 43 B.C.

[edit] Manlii Acidini

Lucius Manlius Acidinus, praetor urbanus in 210 and proconsul of Hispania in 206 B.C.
Lucius Manlius Acidinus Fulvianus (adopted), consul in 179 B.C. with his natural brother, Quintus Fulvius Flaccus.
Lucius Manlius Acidinus Sempronianus, chosen to replace his relative, a Sempronius, as augur in 174 B.C.
Manlius Acidinus (M. f.), mentioned as an "illustrious youth" in 170 B.C. by Livius.^[25]
Lucius Manlius (L. f.) Acidinus, quaestor in 168 B.C.
Manlius Acidinus, an acquaintance of the younger Cicero in 45 B.C.

[edit] Others

Aulus Manlius, legate of Gaius Marius in 107 B.C., during the war against Jugurtha.^[26]
Manlius Lentinus, legate of Gaius Pomptinus in Gallia Narbonensis, took the city of Ventia in 61 B.C.^[27]
Gnaeus Manlius, tribunus plebis in 58 B.C., proposed a law granting the libertini the right to vote in all of the tribes.^[28]
Gaius Manlius Valens (circa A.D. 6-96), consul in A.D. 96, and died the same year.^[29]^[30]
Manlia Scantilla, wife of Marcus Didius Julianus, and Roman Empress in A.D. 193
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius (fifth century), influential Christian philosopher

[edit] See also

List of Roman gentes

[edit] Footnotes

^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 44.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 61, v. 8, 16.
^ Fasti Capitolini.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxii. 35.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxvi. 23, xxvii. 6, 7.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxxii. 27, 28, xxxviii. 20
^ Polybius, The Histories, xxii, 25, 26.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 23.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 42.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 61, v. 8, 16.
^ Fasti Capitolini.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 30.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, x. 26.
^ Fasti Capitolini.
^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Plancio, 11, Brutus, 70.
^ Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Plancio 11.
^ Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xlii. 49.
^ Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Jugurthine War, 86, 90, 102.
^ Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, xxxvii. 47.
^ Quintus Asconius Pedianus, in Cic. Mil. p. 56.
^ Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, xii. 40; Historiae, i. 64.
^ Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, lxvii. 14.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology by William Smith (1870).

[0] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[1] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[2] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[3] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[4] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[5] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[6] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[7] Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, Editor

[8] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 44.

[9] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 61, v. 8, 16.

[10] Fasti Capitolini.

[11] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxii. 35.

[12] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxvi. 23, xxvii. 6, 7.

[13] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xxxii. 27, 28, xxxviii. 20

[14] Polybius, The Histories, xxii, 25, 26.

[15] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 23.

[16] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 42.

[17] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, iv. 61, v. 8, 16.

[18] Fasti Capitolini.

[19] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, vi. 30.

[20] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, x. 26.

[21] Fasti Capitolini.

[22] Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Plancio, 11, Brutus, 70.

[23] Marcus Tullius Cicero, Pro Plancio 11.

[24] Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita, xlii. 49.

[25] Gaius Sallustius Crispus, Jugurthine War, 86, 90, 102.

[26] Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, xxxvii. 47.

[27] Quintus Asconius Pedianus, in Cic. Mil. p. 56.

[28] Publius Cornelius Tacitus, Annales, xii. 40; Historiae, i. 64.

[29] Lucius Cassius Dio Cocceianus, Roman History, lxvii. 14.

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