Mahogany:
The name mahogany is used when referring to numerous varieties of dark-colored wood, originally the wood of the species Swietenia mahagoni, known as West Indian or Cuban mahogany[1]. Mahogany was equally applied to the wood of Swietenia macrophylla, which is closely related, and known as Honduras mahogany.[2] Today, all species of Swietenia are listed by CITES, and are therefore protected. Species of Swietenia cross-fertilise readily when they grow in proximity, the hybrid between S. mahagoni and S. macrophylla is widely planted for its timber. Mahogany is the national tree of Dominican Republic and appears on the national seal of Belize which was known as British Honduras before independence.
The name "mahogany" is also commonly used to refer to the African genus Khaya (closely related to Swietenia), hence the term African Mahogany.
"Mahoganies" may refer to the largest group of all the timbers yielded by the fifteen related species of Swietenia, Khaya and Entandrophragma. The timbers of Entandrophragma are sold under their individual names, sometimes with "mahogany" attached as a suffix, for example "sipo" may be referred to as "sipo mahogany".
In addition, the US timber trade markets various FTC-defined "mahoganies", under a variety of different names, most notably "Philippine mahogany".
Mahogany has a generally straight grain and is usually free of voids and pockets. It has a reddish-brown color, which darkens over time, and displays a beautiful reddish sheen when polished. It has excellent workability, and is very durable. The size of the trees meant that wide boards were once available (and still are of the non-endangered varieties). These properties make it a favourable wood for crafting furniture.
Much of the first-quality furniture made in the American colonies from the mid 1700s, when the wood first became available to American furniture makers, was made of mahogany. Mahogany is widely used for fine furniture; the rarity of Cuban mahogany restricts its use (likewise Honduran mahogany). Mahogany resists wood rot, which makes it suitable for boat construction. It is also often used for musical instruments, particularly the backs of guitars.
Mahogany is used for drum making, because of its integrity and capability to produce a very dark, warm tone (as compared to other more common wood types like maple or birch). The famous Beatles sound of the 60s was made with Ludwig Drums in mahogany shells. Today, several drum manufacturers have rediscovered the features of mahogany shells, resulting in several high end series offering shells made in this wood.
A wide variety of electric guitars are also made from mahogany, like Gibson's Les Paul line and most of the PRS guitars among others. It is noted, again, for its dark properties, as well as its weight (Gibson Les Pauls may weigh as much as 12 pounds), the combination of which produces a warm, rounded tone with huge sustain, for which the guitar is famous.
Mahogany is also commonly used in acoustic guitars. The wood is most often used to make the back, sides, or neck of a guitar, but it is sometimes used to make the top (soundboard) as well. Guitars with mahogany soundboards tend to have a softer, darker tone than those made from spruce.
Mahogany is now being used for the bodies of high-end stereo phonographic record cartridges[3] and for stereo headphones[4], where it is noted for “warm” or “musical” sound.
[edit] References
- '^ Eighteenth- and nineteenth century sources call it Danto Domingo mahogany or Spanish mahogany (Percy Macquoid, The Age of Mahogany, 1904).
- ^ In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries known as Bay Wood, from the Bay of Campeche, whence it was exported. (Noted as "bay wood" as late as the Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Encyclopedia, 1931, s.v. "Mahogany".
- ^ Merod, Jim (February 5, 2001). "Grado’s Sonata Phono Cartridge and Other Blessings", The Stereo Times.
- ^ Phillips, Wes (July 1996). "Grado Reference Series One Headphones", Stereophile magazine.
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