Queen Elizabeth II has held numerous titles and honours, both during and before her time as monarch of each of the Commonwealth realms. Each is listed below; where two dates are shown, the first indicated the date of receiving the award or title, and the second indicates the date of its loss or renunciation. [edit] Royal titles and styles - 21 April 1926 – 11 December 1936: Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York
- 11 December 1936 – 20 November 1947: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth
- 20 November 1947 – 6 February 1952: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh
- 6 February 1952 – : Her Majesty The Queen
Upon Elizabeth's accession to the throne, her style and title in full was: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith,[1] Duchess of Edinburgh, Countess of Merioneth, Baroness Greenwich,[N 1] Duke of Lancaster, Lord of Mann, Duke of Normandy, Sovereign of the Most Honourable Order of the Garter, Sovereign of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, Sovereign of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle, Sovereign of the Most Illustrious Order of Saint Patrick, Sovereign of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, Sovereign of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, Sovereign of the Distinguished Service Order, Sovereign of the Imperial Service Order, Sovereign of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India, Sovereign of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire, Sovereign of the Order of British India, Sovereign of the Indian Order of Merit, Sovereign of the Order of Burma, Sovereign of the Royal Order of Victoria and Albert, Sovereign of the Royal Family Order of King Edward VII, Sovereign of the Order of Mercy, Sovereign of the Order of Merit, Sovereign of the Order of the Companions of Honour, Sovereign of the Royal Victorian Order, Sovereign of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem. In 1953, however, a decision was reached by Elizabeth's prime ministers at the Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference of 1953, whereby the Queen would accord herself different styles and titles in each of her realms, reflecting that in each state she acted as monarch of that particular country, regardless of her other roles. Thus, separate but parallel royal styles and titles acts were passed in the United Kingdom and each of the then Dominions of the British Commonwealth, granting Elizabeth a distinct but similarly constituted title in each state, meaning that when Elizabeth was crowned in the same year, she held seven separate titles. With further evolution of the Commonwealth since that time, Elizabeth now holds sixteen different regnal titles, one for each of the Commonwealth realms, as listed below. Traditionally, her titles as queen regnant are listed in the order in which the remaining original realms first became Dominions of the Crown: the United Kingdom (original dominion), Canada (1867), Australia (1901), and New Zealand (1907), followed by the rest in the order in which the former colony became an independent realm: Jamaica (1962), Barbados (1966), the Bahamas (1973), Grenada (1974), Papua New Guinea (1975), the Solomon Islands (1978), Tuvalu (1978), Saint Lucia (1979), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979), Antigua and Barbuda (1981), Belize (1981), and Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983). In addition to her regnal titles, Elizabeth's full titles also include: Sovereign of the Order of Canada, Sovereign of the Order of Australia, Sovereign of the Order of New Zealand, Sovereign of the Order of Barbados, Sovereign of the Order of Valour, Sovereign of the Order of Military Merit, Sovereign of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces, Sovereign of the Queen's Service Order, Sovereign of the New Zealand Order of Merit, Sovereign of the Order of St. Andrew, Sovereign of the Order of Logohu, Sovereign of the Order of the Star of Melanesia. [edit] Current [edit] Americas  Antigua and Barbuda - 1982 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 The Bahamas - 1973 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Barbados - 1966 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Barbados and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Belize - 1981 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth The Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Belize and of Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Canada - In English: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Canada and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, etc.[2][N 2]
- In French: Sa Majesté Elizabeth Deux, par la grâce de Dieu Reine du Royaume-Uni, du Canada et de ses autres royaumes et territoires, Chef du Commonwealth, Défenseur de la Foi, etc.[4][N 3]
 Grenada - 1974 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Grenada and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Jamaica - 1962 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Jamaica and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Saint Kitts and Nevis - 1983 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Christopher and Nevis and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Saint Lucia - 1979 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Lucia and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - 1979 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
[edit] Europe  Guernsey  Isle of Man  Jersey - 6 February 1952 – : Duke of Normandy
 United Kingdom - 6 February 1952 – 26 March 1953
- In English: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas Queen, Defender of the Faith
- In Latin: Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Magnae Britanniae, Hiberniae et terrarum transmarinarum quae in ditione sunt Britannica Regina, Fidei Defensor
- In English: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, etc.[1]
- In Latin: Elizabeth II, Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Regina, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor[5](literally translated, "Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God of Her British and other Realms Queen, Head of the Consortium of Peoples, Defender of the Faith")
[edit] Oceania  Australia - 1953 – 1973: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, Australia and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, etc.[6]
- 1973 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Australia and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 New Zealand - 1953 – 1974: Her Majesty Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, etc.
- 1974 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God Queen of New Zealand and Her Other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, etc.
 Papua New Guinea - 1975 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Papua New Guinea and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Solomon Islands - 1978 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Solomon Islands and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Tuvalu - 1978 – : Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Tuvalu and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
[edit] Former [edit] Africa  Ghana - 1957 – 1960: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Ghana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Nigeria - 1960 – 1963: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Nigeria and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Sierra Leone - 1961 – 1971: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Sierra Leone and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Tanganyika[N 4] - 1961 – 1962: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Tanganyika and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Uganda - 1962 – 1963: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Uganda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Kenya - 1963 – 1964: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Kenya and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Malawi - 1964 – 1966: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Malawi and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Mauritius - 1968 – 1992: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Mauritius and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 South Africa - 1953 – 1961: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of South Africa and Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 The Gambia - 1965 – 1970: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of The Gambia and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Rhodesia[N 5] [edit] Americas  Trinidad and Tobago - 1962 – 1976: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Guyana - 1966 – 1970: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Guyana and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
 Pakistan - 1953 – 1956: Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith, etc.
 Ceylon[N 6] - 1953 – 1972: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Ceylon and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
[edit] Europe  Malta - 1965 – 1974: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Malta and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
[edit] Oceania  Fiji - 1970 – 1987: Her Majesty Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God, Queen of Fiji and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth, etc.
[edit] Unofficial [edit] Americas  British Columbia - 1959 – : Mother of all People[7]
- Jamaica
- In Jamaican Patois: Missis Queen or The Queen Lady[8]
 Nebraska [edit] Oceania - Fiji
- In Fijian: Tui Viti or Vunivalu[9]
- In English: Queen or paramount chief of Fiji
- New Zealand
- In Māori: Kotuku
- In English: The White Heron[10]
[edit] Scottish controversy Though the situation was the same in every one of the Queen's realms beyond England, only in Scotland did the title Elizabeth II cause controversy as there had never been an Elizabeth I in Scotland. In a rare act of sabotage, new Royal Mail post boxes in Scotland, bearing the cypher EIIR, were vandalised, after which, to avoid further problems, post boxes and Royal Mail vehicles in Scotland bore only the Crown of Scotland. A legal case, MacCormick v. Lord Advocate (1953 SC 396), was taken to contest the right of the Queen to title herself Elizabeth II within Scotland, arguing that to do so would be a breach of the Act of Union. The case, however, was lost on the grounds that the pursuers had not title to sue the Crown, and also that the numbering of monarchs was part of the Royal Prerogative, and thus not governed by the Act of Union. It was suggested by Winston Churchill that future British monarchs should be numbered according to either their English or Scottish predecessors, whichever number is higher;[11] equivalent rules have not, however, been applied in the other Commonwealth realms. Less publicised controversies included the argument that the monarch was addressed as Your Grace in pre-union Scotland, and that the preferred title had been King/Queen of Scots rather than of Scotland. At the opening of the Scottish parliament in 1999, Presiding Officer David Steel referred to Elizabeth II as "not only the Queen of the United Kingdom but seated as you are among us in the historic and constitutionally correct manner as Queen of Scots." [edit] Military ranks - Canada
- New Zealand
- United Kingdom
[edit] Commonwealth of Nations honours [edit] Commonwealth realms - Appointments
- Medals and decorations
[edit] Other Commonwealth countries - Appointments
- Medals and decorations
[edit] Foreign honours - Appointments
- Decorations
[edit] Honorary military positions - Australia
- Canada
- Fiji
- Ghana
- New Zealand
- South Africa
- 1947 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Durban Light Infantry
- 1947 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the South African Railways and Harbours Brigade
- 1952 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Imperial Light Horse
- 1953 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Natal Carbineers
- 1953 – 1961: Colonel-in-Chief of the Kaffrarian Rifles
- United Kingdom
[edit] Non-national titles and honours [edit] Freedom of the City - Commonwealth realms
- Foreign
[edit] Member and fellowships [edit] Scholastic Since ascending to the throne, Elizabeth has not accepted honorary degrees, as this would technically place her under the jurisdiction of the chancellor of whichever university had bestowed the degree, a position deemed unsuitable for a reigning monarch. Thus, the degrees below outline her personal achieved and awarded degrees, a symbol of her personal accomplishment. - Degrees
[edit] Monuments - Further information: Royal monuments in Canada > Queen Elizabeth II
[edit] Honorific eponyms - Further information: Royal eponyms in Canada > Queen Elizabeth II
-
[edit] Awards [edit] Geographic locations [edit] Structures [edit] Buildings - Barbados: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown
 England: Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch- England: Queen Elizabeth II Law Courts, Liverpool
- England: Queen Elizabeth II Conference Centre, London
- England: Queen Elizabeth II Great Court, London
- England: Queen Elizabeth Hall, London
- England: QEII Pier, London
- England: Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham
- England: Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Welwyn Garden City
- Fiji: Queen Elizabeth Barracks, Nabua
 Hong Kong: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Malaysia: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu- Mauritius: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Rodrigues Island
- New Zealand: Queen Elizabeth II Park, Christchurch
- New Zealand: QEII Army Memorial Museum, Waiouru
 Queensland: Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital, Brisbane- Queensland: Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Sports Centre, Brisbane (former)
 South Africa: Princess Elizabeth Graving Dock, East London South Australia: Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide Victoria: Queen Elizabeth Centre, Ballarat [edit] Roads, highways, and bridges  British Virgin Islands: Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, between Beef Island and Tortola Alberta: Queen Elizabeth II Highway, Alberta- England: Golden Jubilee Bridge, London
- England: Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, A282 road, London
- England: Queen Elizabeth Bridge, A322 Windsor By-pass, Windsor
- England: Queen Elizabeth II Metro Bridge, Tyne and Wear Metro, between Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead
- England: Queensway, Stevenage
- Northern Ireland: Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, Belfast
 Norfolk Island: Queen Elizabeth Avenue, Norfolk Island [edit] Schools [edit] See also - ^ Unlike her other titles, Elizabeth held these from her husband and not in her own right. Therefore they did not merge in the Crown upon her Accession to the throne, but have nevertheless fallen into disuse as they are superseded by her title(s) as Queen.[citation needed]
- ^ In some cases, such as an oath of allegiance, Elizabeth's Canadian title is shortened to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, Queen of Canada[3]
- ^ In some older documents in French, Elizabeth's name is spelled Élisabeth.
- ^ Now part of Tanzania.
- ^ Although Elizabeth was recognized as Queen of Rhodesia by the Rhodesian government, she never accepted or exercised the office for the years between the Rhodesian declaration of independence in 1965 and the proclamation of the Republic of Rhodesia in 1970.
- ^ Now Sri Lanka.
- ^ a b After the accession of Elizabeth II to the throne, the terminology used to describe those countries under her reign altered, with the word Dominion eschewed in favour of realm.
- ^ Abolished after the abolition of the Greek monarchy in 1974.
- ^ Following the Iranian Revolution, the government of the Islamic republic of Iran ceased to recognise all recipients, whether a national or foreign, of any award or honour bestowed for service to the Iranian monarchy under the Pahlavi dynasty, which included the Order of Pahlavi.[citation needed]
- ^ On 25 December 1989, following the overthrow of Nicolae Ceauşescu and the Romanian Communist Party, the Queen returned the insignia of the order to Ceauşescu the day preceeding his execution, to demonstrate her allegiance to the Romanian people.[citation needed]
[edit] References - ^ a b "Burke's Peerage and Gentry > The Royal Family > HM Queen Elizabeth II". Burke's Peerage & Gentry and The Origins Network. http://www.burkes-peerage.net/articles/peerage/page62-6a.aspx. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ Statutory Instrument 1985 No. R-12 (section 2) Royal Style and Titles Act
- ^ "Oath of office Governor General of Canada > Media > Fact Sheets > Oaths of Office". Rideau Hall. http://gg.ca/media/fs-fd/p3_e.asp Oath of office. Retrieved 2008-10-28.
- ^ Statutory Instrument 1985 No. R-12 (section 2) Loi sur les titres royaux
- ^ François Velde (2007-09-04). "Royal Arms, Styles, and Titles of Great Britain". Heraldica. François Velde. http://www.heraldica.org/topics/britain/britstyles.htm#1953. Retrieved 2009-04-20.
- ^ Statutory Instrument 1953 No. 32 (section Schedule) An Act Relating to the Royal Style and Titles
- ^ Buckner, Phillip (2005), "The Last Great Royal Tour: Queen Elizabeth's 1959 Tour to Canada", in Buckner, Phillip, Canada and the End of Empire, Vancouver: UBC Press, p. 77, ISBN 0-7748-0915-9, http://books.google.ca/books?id=27IggObUC9kC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=&f=false, retrieved 24 October 2009
- ^ "Queen speaks to Jamaican Parliament" (in English). BBC. 19 February 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1828657.stm. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ "Fiji chiefs say Britain’s Elizabeth still Queen of Fiji" (in English). Radio New Zealand. 19 November 2002. http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=2883. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ "The Monarchy Today > Queen and Commonwealth > Overview". Buckingham Palace. http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4678.asp. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ Winston Churchill, House of Commons Official Report cols 199-201, 15 April 1953
- ^ "The Monarchy Today > Queen and public > Honours > Royal Family Orders". Buckingham Palace. http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page4887.asp. Retrieved 2008-10-29.
- ^ Supplement to the London Gazette, 6 June 1947
- ^ "Manitoba Order of the Buffalo Hunt". Manitoba Historical Society. http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/people/orderofbuffalohunt.shtml#001. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
- ^ "Governor General of Canada > Honours > National Honours > Order of Canada". Rideau Hall. http://gg.ca/honours/nat-ord/oc/index_e.asp. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Governor General of Canada > Honours > Natonal Honours > Order of Military Merit". Rideau Hall. http://gg.ca/honours/nat-ord/omm/index_e.asp. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Government of Australia > Honours > Awards > A-Z of Awards > Order of Australia". Commonwealth of Australia. http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/awards/medals/order_of_australia.cfm. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet > New Zealand Honours > The Queen's Service Order". The Crown in Right of New Zealand. http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/overview/qso.html. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Government of Saint Lucia > Constitution of the Order of Saint Lucia". Government Information Service. http://www.stlucia.gov.lc/saint_lucia/constitution_of_the_order_of_saint_lucia/constitution_of_the_order_of_saint_lucia.htm. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet > New Zealand Honours > The Order of New Zealand". The Crown in Right of New Zealand. http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/overview/onz.html. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet > New Zealand Honours > The New Zealand Order of Merit". The Crown in Right of New Zealand. http://www.dpmc.govt.nz/honours/overview/nzom.html. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "Governor General of Canada > Honours > National Orders > Order of Merit of the Police Forces". Rideau Hall. http://gg.ca/honours/nat-ord/ormp/index_e.asp. Retrieved 2008-10-30.
- ^ "The Prague Castle > Office of the Czech President > State Decorations > Order of the White Lion > List". Office of the President. http://old.hrad.cz/kpr/rady/rbl_lide_uk.html. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ^ "Odluka o odlikovanju Njezinog Veličanstva Elizabete II., kraljice Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva Velike Britanije i Sjeverne Irske" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. 3 January 2001. http://www.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeno/2002/0002.htm. Retrieved 2008-07-10.
- ^ Office of the President of the Republic of Lithuania (17 October 2006). "http://www.president.lt/en/news.full/7176 Official Welcome Ceremony for the Queen at Presidential Palace". Press release. http://www.president.lt/en/news.full/7176 http://www.president.lt/en/news.full/7176. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ^ Office of the President (19 October 2008). "The President of the Republic greeted Queen Elizabeth II". Press release. http://www.president.ee/en/duties/press_releases.php?gid=83003. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ^ "Kadehi majeste kraliçenin şerefine!" (in Turkish). Haber5. 14 May 2008. http://www.haber5.com/haber.php?haber_id=316260. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
- ^ Royal Household (August 2006). "Mailbox". Royal Insight Magazine (Buckingham Palace) (August 2006). http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page5437.asp. Retrieved 2008-11-03.
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