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Contents 1 introduction (Gray's s133) 1.1 Gray's page #497 1.2 Gray's page #498 1.3 Gray's page #499 1.4 Gray's page #500 1.5 Gray's page #501 2 the blood (Gray's s134) 2.1 Gray's page #503 2.2 Gray's page #504 2.3 Gray's page #505 3 development of the vascular system (Gray's s135) 3.1 Gray's page #505 3.2 Gray's page #506 3.3 Gray's page #507 3.4 Further development of the heart 3.4.1 Gray's page #508 3.4.2 Gray's page #509 3.4.3 Gray's page #510 3.4.4 Gray's page #511 3.4.5 Gray's page #512 3.4.6 Gray's page #513 3.4.7 Gray's page #514 3.5 Further development of arteries 3.5.1 Gray's page #515 3.5.2 Gray's page #516 3.5.3 Gray's page #517 3.6 Further development of veins 3.6.1 Gray's page #518 3.6.2 Gray's page #519 3.6.3 Gray's page #520 3.6.4 Gray's page #521 3.6.5 Gray's page #522 4 the thoracic cavity (Gray's s136) 4.1 Gray's page #524 5 the pericardium (Gray's s137) 5.1 Gray's page #524 5.2 Gray's page #526 6 the heart (Gray's s138) 6.1 Gray's page #526 6.2 Component parts 6.2.1 Gray's page #527 6.2.2 Gray's page #528 6.3 Right atrium 6.3.1 Gray's page #528 6.3.2 Gray's page #529 6.4 Interior of heart 6.4.1 Gray's page #529 6.4.2 Gray's page #530 6.4.3 Gray's page #531 6.5 Right ventricle 6.5.1 Gray's page #531 6.5.2 Gray's page #532 6.5.3 Gray's page #533 6.6 Left atrium 6.6.1 Gray's page #533 6.6.2 Gray's page #534 6.7 Left ventricle 6.7.1 Gray's page #534 6.7.2 Gray's page #535 6.8 Structure of the heart 6.8.1 Gray's page #535 6.8.2 Gray's page #536 6.8.3 Gray's page #537 6.8.4 Gray's page #538 7 peculiarities in the vascular system in the fetus (Gray's s139) 7.1 Gray's page #539 7.2 Gray's page #540 7.3 Gray's page #542 8 See also

[edit] introduction (Gray's s133)

[edit] Gray's page #497

• blood vascular system
• lymph vascular system
  • lymph
• arteries
  • arterioles
  • capillaries
  • veins
  • circulation of the blood
• atrium
  • ventricle
• pulmonary arteries
  • pulmonary veins
• systemic circulation
  • pulmonary circulation
• portal vein
  • sinusoids
  • hepatic veins

[edit] Gray's page #498

• Structure of Arteries
  • inner coat (tunica intima)
  • fenestrated membrane
  • middle coat (tunica media)

[edit] Gray's page #499

• Structure of Arteries
  • external coat (tunica adventitia)
  • tunica elastica externa
  • sheaths of arteries
  • vasa vasorum
  • Capillaries

[edit] Gray's page #500

• Structure of capillaries

[edit] Gray's page #501

• Sinusoids
• Coats of Veins
  • internal coat
  • middle coat
  • outer coat

[edit] the blood (Gray's s134)

[edit] Gray's page #503

• plasma (liquor sanguinis)
• blood corpuscles
• Colored or red corpuscles (erythrocytes)
  • microcytes

[edit] Gray's page #504

• colorless corpuscles or leucocyte
  • oxyphil or neutrophil
  • polymorphonuclear leucocytes
  • eosinophil corpuscles
  • hyaline cell or macrocyte
  • lymphocyte

[edit] Gray's page #505

• colorless corpuscles or leucocyte
  • pseudopodium
• blood platelets
  • prothrombin
  • thromboplastin

[edit] development of the vascular system (Gray's s135)

[edit] Gray's page #505

• angioblast or vasoformative cell
• plexuses

[edit] Gray's page #506

• blood island
• heart
• primitive aortæ
• vitelline vein
• dorsal aorta

[edit] Gray's page #507

• vitelline circulation

[edit] Further development of the heart

[edit] Gray's page #508

• five parts
  • sinus venosus
  • primitive atrium
  • primitive ventricle
  • bulbus cordis
  • truncus arteriosus
• atrial canal

[edit] Gray's page #509

• sinus venosus
  • crista terminalis of His
  • inferior vena cava

[edit] Gray's page #510

• sinus venosus
  • septum spurium
  • spina vestibuli
  • right venous valve and left venous valve

[edit] Gray's page #511

• sinus venosus
  • sinus septum

[edit] Gray's page #512

• sinus venosus
  • endocardial cushions
  • septum intermedium
• primitive atrium
  • septum primum
  • ostium primum of Born
  • foramen ovale (ostium secundum of Born)
  • septum secundum
• primitive ventricle
  • septum inferius
  • ventricular septum

[edit] Gray's page #513

• bulbus cordis

[edit] Gray's page #514

• truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis
• aortic septum
• Valves of the heart

[edit] Further development of arteries

[edit] Gray's page #515

• Development of arteries

[edit] Gray's page #516

• Anterior ventral aortæ
• Aortic arches
  • carotid arch

[edit] Gray's page #517

• Dorsal aortæ
  • aortic isthmus

[edit] Further development of veins

[edit] Gray's page #518

• Visceral veins
  • vitelline veins or omphalomesenteric veins

[edit] Gray's page #519

• Visceral veins
  • vitelline veins or omphalomesenteric veins
    • sinusoids
    • venæ advehentes
    • venæ revehentes
  • umbilical veins
    • ductus venosus

[edit] Gray's page #520

• Parietal veins
  • ducts of Cuvier
    • cardinal veins
    • primitive jugular veins
• Inferior vena cava
  • subcardinal veins

[edit] Gray's page #521

• inferior vena cava

[edit] Gray's page #522

• inferior vena cava
  • right superior venæ cavæ and left superior venæ cavæ
  • left innominate vein
  • vestigial fold of Marshall
  • oblique vein of Marshall
• Venous sinuses of the Dura mater

[edit] the thoracic cavity (Gray's s136)

[edit] Gray's page #524

• thoracic cavity
• pericardium
• pleura
• Cavity of the Thorax
• Upper opening of the thorax
• Lower opening of the thorax

[edit] the pericardium (Gray's s137)

[edit] Gray's page #524

• Pericardium

[edit] Gray's page #526

• fibrous pericardium (outer sac)
  • superior sternopericardiac ligament
  • inferior sternopericardiac ligament
• serous pericardium (inner sac)
  • epicardium
  • arterial mesocardium
  • venous mesocardium
  • oblique sinus
  • transverse sinus
• ligament of the left vena cava (vestigial fold of Marshall)
• vein of the left atrium (oblique vein of Marshall)

[edit] the heart (Gray's s138)

[edit] Gray's page #526

• heart (cor)

[edit] Component parts

• atrium
• ventricle
• grooves
  • coronary sulcus (auriculoventricular groove)

[edit] Gray's page #527

• grooves
  • interatrial groove
  • anterior longitudinal sulcus
  • posterior longitudinal sulcus
  • incisura apicis cordis
• base (basis cordis)
• apex (apex cordis)

[edit] Gray's page #528

• sternocostal surface
• diaphragmatic surface
• right margin
  • acute margin
• left margin (obtuse margin)

[edit] Right atrium

[edit] Gray's page #528

• Right atrium (atrium dextrum; right auricle)
• sinus venarum
• auricula
• Sinus venarum (sinus venosus)

[edit] Gray's page #529

• Auricula (auricula dextra; right auricular appendix)
• terminal sulcus
• terminal crest
• musculi pectinati

[edit] Interior of heart

[edit] Gray's page #529

• superior vena cava

[edit] Gray's page #530

• inferior vena cava
• atrial septum
• coronary sinus
• foramina venarum minimarum (foramina Thebesii)
• minute veins (venœ cordis minimœ)
• atrioventricular opening (tricuspid orifice)
• valve of the inferior vena cava (valvula venœ cavœ inferioris; Eustachian valve)

[edit] Gray's page #531

• valve of the coronary sinus (valvula sinus coronarii; Thebesian valve)
• fossa ovalis
• limbus fossæ ovalis (annulus ovalis)
• intervenous tubercle (tuberculum intervenosum; tubercle of Lower)

[edit] Right ventricle

[edit] Gray's page #531

• Right ventricle (ventriculus dexter)
• conus arteriosus
• tendon of the conus arteriosus
• Openings
  • right atrioventricular orifice
  • opening of the pulmonary artery
• Valves
  • tricuspid valve (valvula tricuspidalis)
    • anterior cusp (infundibular cusp)
    • posterior cusp (marginal cusp)
    • medial cusp (septal cusp)

[edit] Gray's page #532

• Valves
  • tricuspid valve (valvula tricuspidalis)
    • chordæ tendineæ
  • trabeculæ carneæ (columnœ carneœ)
    • musculi papillares
    • moderator band
  • pulmonary semilunar valves

[edit] Gray's page #533

• Valves
  • pulmonary semilunar valves
    • thickened nodule (corpus Arantii)
    • lunulæ
    • sinuses of Valsalva

[edit] Left atrium

[edit] Gray's page #533

• Left atrium (atrium sinistum; left auricle)
• principal cavity
• Auricula (auricula sinistra; left auricular appendix)
• pulmonary veins
• left atrioventricular opening

[edit] Gray's page #534

• musculi pectinati

[edit] Left ventricle

[edit] Gray's page #534

• Left ventricle (ventriculus sinister)
• openings
  • left atrioventricular opening (mitral orifice)
  • aortic opening
• valves
  • aortic semilunar valves
    • aortic vestibule
  • bicuspid valve (mitral valve, valvula bicuspidalis)
    • aortic cusp
    • posterior cusp

[edit] Gray's page #535

• valves
  • aortic semilunar valves
    • aortic sinuses (sinuses of Valsalva)
• trabeculæ carneæ
  • musculi papillares
• Ventricular septum (septum ventriculorum; interventricular septum)
  • muscular ventricular septum
  • membranous ventricular septum

[edit] Structure of the heart

[edit] Gray's page #535

• epicardium
• endocardium
• myocardium

[edit] Gray's page #536

• fibrous rings of heart
  • trigonum fibrosum
• Cardiac muscular tissue
• Purkinje fibers

[edit] Gray's page #537

• muscular structure of the heart
  • fibers of the atria
    • superficial fibers
    • deep fibers
    • annular fibers
  • fibers of the ventricles
    • superficial layers
    • deep layers
  • atrioventricular bundle of His
    • sinoatrial node
    • atrioventricular node

[edit] Gray's page #538

• Vessels and Nerves
• Cardiac Cycle and the Actions of the Valves
  • cardiac cycle
  • atrial systole
  • ventricular systole

[edit] peculiarities in the vascular system in the fetus (Gray's s139)

[edit] Gray's page #539

• foramen ovale

[edit] Gray's page #540

• valve of the inferior vena cava
• ductus arteriosus
• hypogastric arteries
• umbilical arteries
• Fetal circulation
• porta hepatis (transverse fissure of the liver)
• ductus venosus

[edit] Gray's page #542

• Changes in the Vascular System at Birth

[edit] See also

• List of images and subjects in Gray's Anatomy
• List of images in Gray's Anatomy: V. Angiology
• Gray's Anatomy

v • d • e Prenatal development/Mammalian development of circulatory system (GA 5) Vascular Blood island Development of arteries Dorsal aorta · Aortic arches Development of veins Cardinal veins · Ducts of Cuvier Fetal circulation umbilical cord: Umbilical vein → Ductus venosus → Inferior vena cava → Heart → Pulmonary artery → Ductus arteriosus → Umbilical artery yolk sac: Vitelline veins · Vitelline arteries Heart development Primitive heart tube Truncus arteriosus · Bulbus cordis · Primitive ventricle · Primitive atrium · Sinus venosus Septa/ostia Endocardial cushions/Septum intermedium · Ostium primum · Septum primum (Ostium secundum) · Septum secundum (Foramen ovale) · Aorticopulmonary septum Other Atrial canal heart navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

v • d • e Anatomy of torso, cardiovascular system: heart (TA A12.1, GA 5.524) General Surface base · apex · grooves (coronary/atrioventricular, interatrial, anterior interventricula, posterior interventricular) · surfaces (sternocostal, diaphragmatic) · borders (right, left) · Openings of smallest cardiac veins Internal atria (interatrial septum, musculi pectinati, sulcus terminalis) · ventricles (interventricular septum, trabeculae carneae, chordae tendineae, papillary muscle) · valves · cusps · Atrioventricular septum cardiac skeleton (fibrous trigone, fibrous rings) Intervenous tubercle Chambers Right heart (vena cavae, coronary sinus) → right atrium (atrial appendage, fossa ovalis, limbus of fossa ovalis, crista terminalis, valve of inferior vena cava, valve of coronary sinus) → tricuspid valve → right ventricle (conus arteriosus, moderator band/septomarginal trabecula)  → pulmonary valve → (pulmonary artery and pulmonary circulation) Left heart (pulmonary veins) → left atrium (atrial appendage) → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve (aortic sinus) → (aorta and systemic circulation) Layers Endocardium Heart valves Myocardium Conduction system: Cardiac pacemaker · SA node · AV node · bundle of His · Purkinje fibers Pericardial cavity Pericardial sinus Pericardium fibrous pericardium (Sternopericardiac ligaments) · serous pericardium (epicardium/visceral layer) · Fold of the left vena cava heart navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc