List of state leaders in 2008 Information & List of state leaders in 2008 Links at HealthHaven.com

List of state leaders in 2008 Information & List of state leaders in 2008 Links at HealthHaven.com

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M272 2008 Reading List

M272 2008 Reading List
stemcell.ucla.edu

ICO Leader Letter June 2008 : Hong Kong Highlights

ICO Leader Letter June 2008: Hong Kong Highlights
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2007 state leaders - Events of 2008 - 2009 state leaders - State leaders by year

Contents

1 Africa
2 Asia
3 Europe
4 Middle East
5 North America
6 Oceania
7 South America
8 References

[edit] Africa

Algeria
- President - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Abdelaziz Belkhadem, Prime Minister of Algeria (2006–2008)
  2. Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2008–present)
Angola
- President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos, Prime Minister of Angola (2002–2008)
  2. Paulo Kassoma, Prime Minister of Angola (2008-present)
Benin
- President - Yayi Boni, President of Benin (2006–present)
Botswana
- President -
  1. Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
  2. Ian Khama, President of Botswana (2008–present)
Burkina Faso
- President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–present)
- Prime Minister - Tertius Zongo, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2007–present)
Burundi
- President - Pierre Nkurunziza, President of Burundi (2005–present)
Cameroon
- President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
- Prime Minister - Ephraïm Inoni, Prime Minister of Cameroon (2004–2009)
Cape Verde
- President - Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–present)
- Prime Minister - José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–present)
Central African Republic
- President - François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic (2003–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Élie Doté, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2005–2008)
  2. Faustin-Archange Touadéra, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2008–present)
Chad
- President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye, Prime Minister of Chad (2007–2008)
  2. Youssouf Saleh Abbas, Prime Minister of Chad (2008–present)
Comoros
- President - Ahmed Abdallah Sambi, President of Comoros (2006–present)
- Anjouan (autonomous island)
  - President -
    1. Mohamed Bacar, President of Anjouan (2007–2008)
    2. Ikililou Dhoinine, Provisional President of Anjouan (2008)
    3. Lailizamane Abdou Cheik, Interim President of Anjouan (2008)
    4. Moussa Toybou, President of Anjouan (2008–present)
- Grande Comore (autonomous island)
  - President - Mohamed Abdoulwahab, President of Grande Comore (2007–present)
- Mohéli (autonomous island)
  - President - Mohamed Ali Said, President of Mohéli (2007–present)
Democratic Republic of the Congo
- President - Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Antoine Gizenga, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2006–2008)
  2. Adolphe Muzito, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2008–present)
Republic of the Congo
- President - Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
- Prime Minister - Isidore Mvouba, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (2005–2009)
Côte d'Ivoire
- President - Laurent Gbagbo, President of Côte d'Ivoire (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Guillaume Soro, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (2007–present)
Djibouti
- President - Ismail Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–present)
Equatorial Guinea
- President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2006–2008)
  2. Ignacio Milam Tang, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2008–present)
Eritrea
- President - Isaias Afewerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present)^[1]
Ethiopia
- President - Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–present)
- Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–present)
Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
- Prime Minister - Jean Eyeghe Ndong, Prime Minister of Gabon (2006–2009)
The Gambia
- President - Yahya Jammeh, President of The Gambia (1994–present)
Ghana
- President - John Kufuor, President of Ghana (2001–2009)
Guinea
- President -
  1. Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
  2. Moussa Dadis Camara, President of the National Council for Democracy and Development (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Lansana Kouyaté, Prime Minister of Guinea (2007–2008)
  2. Ahmed Tidiane Souaré, Prime Minister of Guinea (2008)
  3. Kabine Komara, Prime Minister of Guinea (2008–present)
Guinea-Bissau
- President - João Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (2005–2009)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Martinho Ndafa Kabi, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2007–2008)
  2. Carlos Correia, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2008-2009)
Kenya
- President - Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Raila Odinga, Prime Minister of Kenya (2008–present)
Lesotho
- Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
- Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–present)
Liberia
- Head of State - Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, President of Liberia (2006–present)
Libya
- De facto Chief of State - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–present)
- Nominal Chief of State -
  1. Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1992–2008)
  2. Miftah Muhammed K'eba, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (2008-2009)
- Head of Government - Baghdadi Mahmudi, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (2006–present)
Madagascar
- President - Marc Ravalomanana, President of Madagascar (2002–2009)
- Prime Minister - Charles Rabemananjara, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2007–2009)
Malawi
- President - Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (2004–present)
Mali
- President - Amadou Toumani Touré, President of Mali (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Modibo Sidibé, Prime Minister of Mali (2007–present)
Mauritania
- President -
  1. Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi, President of Mauritania (2007–2008)
  2. Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, President of the High Council of State (2008–2009)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Zeine Ould Zeidane, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2007–2008)
  2. Yahya Ould Ahmed El Waghef, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2008)
  3. Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2008–present)
Mauritius
- President - Sir Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2005–present)
- Rodrigues (autonomous region)
  - Chief Commissioner - Johnson Roussety, Chief Commissioner of Rodrigues (2006–present)
  - Chief Executive - Jean-Claude Pierre-Louis, Chief Executive of Rodrigues (2004–present)
Mayotte (Overseas collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
  1. Vincent Bouvier, Prefect of Mayotte (2007-2008)
  2. Denis Robin, Prefect of Mayotte (2008–2009)
- President of the General Council -
  1. Saïd Omar Oili, President of the General Council of Mayotte (2004-2008)
  2. Ahmed Attoumani Douchina, President of the General Council of Mayotte (2008–present)
Morocco
- Monarch - Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Abbas El Fassi, Prime Minister of Morocco (2007–present)
- Western Sahara (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) (self-declared, partially recognized state)
  - President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–present)
  - Prime Minister - Abdelkader Taleb Oumar, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (2003–present)
Mozambique
- President - Armando Guebuza, President of Mozambique (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Luisa Diogo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–present)
Namibia
- President - Hifikepunye Pohamba, President of Namibia (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Nahas Angula, Prime Minister of Namibia (2005–present)
Niger
- President - Tandja Mamadou, President of Niger (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Seyni Oumarou, Prime Minister of Niger (2007–2009)
Nigeria
- President - Umaru Yar'Adua, President of Nigeria (2007–present)
Rwanda
- President - Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–present)
Saint Helena and Dependencies (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Andrew Gurr, Governor of Saint Helena (2007–present)
São Tomé and Príncipe
- President - Fradique de Menezes, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2001–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Tomé Vera Cruz, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2006–2008)
  2. Patrice Trovoada, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2008)
  3. Joaquim Rafael Branco, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (2008–present)
- Príncipe (self-governing province)
  - President - José Cassandra, President of the Regional Government of Príncipe (2006–present)
Senegal
- President - Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré, Prime Minister of Senegal (2007–2009)
Seychelles
- President - James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–present)
Sierra Leone
- President - Ernest Bai Koroma, President of Sierra Leone (2007–present)
Somalia
- President -
  1. Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, President of Somalia (2004–2008)
  2. Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe, Interim President of Somalia (2008–2009)
- Prime Minister - Nur Hassan Hussein, Prime Minister of Somalia (2007–2009)
- Somaliland (unrecognized secessionist state)
  - President - Dahir Riyale Kahin, President of Somaliland (2002–present)
- Puntland (self-declared autonomous state)
  - President - Mohamud Muse Hersi, President of Puntland (2005–2009)
- Maakhir (unrecognized autonomous state)
  - rejoined Puntland in January 2008
  - President -
    1. Jibrell Ali Salad, President of Maakhir (2007–2008)
    2. Abdullahi Ahmed Jama, President of Maakhir (2008)
South Africa
- President -
  1. Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–2008)
  2. Kgalema Motlanthe, President of South Africa (2008–2009)
Sudan
- President - Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–present)
- Southern Sudan (autonomous region)
  - President - Salva Kiir Mayardit, President of the Government of Southern Sudan (2005–present)
Swaziland
- Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2003–2008)
  2. Behki Dlamini, Acting Prime Minister of Swaziland (2008)
  3. Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2008–present)
Tanzania
- President - Jakaya Kikwete, President of Tanzania (2005–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Edward Lowassa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2005–2008)
  2. Mizengo Pinda, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2008–present)
- Zanzibar (semi-autonomous region)
  - President - Amani Abeid Karume, President of Zanzibar (2000–present)
  - Chief Minister - Shamsi Vuai Nahodha, Chief Minister of Zanzibar (2000–present)
Togo
- President - Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Komlan Mally, Prime Minister of Togo (2007–2008)
  2. Gilbert Houngbo, Prime Minister of Togo (2008–present)
Tunisia
- President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–present)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–present)
Uganda
- President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
- Prime Minister - Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–present)
Zambia
- President -
  1. Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (2002–2008)
  2. Rupiah Banda, President of Zambia (2008–present)
Zimbabwe
- President - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)

[edit] Asia

Afghanistan
- President - Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan (2001–present)
Bangladesh
- President - Iajuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (2002–2009)
- Prime Minister - Fakhruddin Ahmed, Chief Adviser of the Caretaker Government (2007–2009)
Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Kinzang Dorji, Caretaker Prime Minister of Bhutan (2007–2008)
  2. Jigme Thinley, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2008–present)
Brunei
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)^[2]
- Prime Minister - Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
Cambodia
- Monarch - Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–present)
China (People's Republic of China)
- Communist Party Leader - Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (2002–present)
- President - Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
- Premier - Wen Jiabao, Premier of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
- Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region)
  - Chief Executive - Donald Tsang, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2005–present)
- Macau (Special Administrative Region)
  - Chief Executive - Edmund Ho, Chief Executive of Macau (1999–present)
East Timor
- President -
  1. José Ramos-Horta, President of East Timor (2007–present)
  2. Vicente Guterres, Interim President of East Timor (2008)
  3. Fernando de Araújo, Interim President of East Timor (2008)
- Prime Minister - Xanana Gusmão, Prime Minister of East Timor (2007–present)
India
- President - Pratibha Patil, President of India (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India (2004–present)
Indonesia
- President - Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–present)
Japan
- Monarch - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Yasuo Fukuda, Prime Minister of Japan (2007–2008)
  2. Taro Aso, Prime Minister of Japan (2008–2009)
Kazakhstan
- President - Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–present)^[3]
- Prime Minister - Karim Massimov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2007–present)
North Korea
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Jong-il, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (1997–present)
- De facto Head of State - Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defence Commission (1993–present)^[4]
- Nominal Head of State - Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly (1998–present)
- Premier - Kim Yong-il, Premier of North Korea (2007–present)
South Korea
- President -
  1. Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea (2003–2008)
  2. Lee Myung Bak, President of South Korea (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Han Duck-soo, Prime Minister of South Korea (2007–2008)
  2. Han Seung-soo, Prime Minister of South Korea (2008–2009)
Kyrgyzstan
- President - Kurmanbek Bakiyev, President of Kyrgyzstan (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Igor Chudinov, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2007–2009)
Laos
- Communist Party Leader - Choummaly Sayasone, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (2006–present)
- President - Choummaly Sayasone, President of Laos (2006–present)
- Premier - Bouasone Bouphavanh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos (2006–present)
Malaysia
- Monarch - Mizan Zainal Abidin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2003–2009)
Maldives
- President -
  1. Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of Maldives (1978–2008)
  2. Mohamed Nasheed, President of Maldives (2008–present)
Mongolia
- President - Nambaryn Enkhbayar, President of Mongolia (2005–2009)
- Prime Minister - Sanjaagiin Bayar, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2007–2009)
Myanmar
- Head of State - Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council (1992–present)
- Prime Minister - Thein Sein, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2007–present)
Nepal
- Kingdom of Nepal superseded by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal on 28 May 2008
- Monarch - Gyanendra, King of Nepal (2001-2008)
  - Girija Prasad Koirala, Acting Head of State of Nepal (2007-2008)
- President - Ram Baran Yadav, President of Nepal (2008–2009)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister of Nepal (2006–2008)
  2. Prachanda, Prime Minister of Nepal (2008–2009)
Pakistan
- President -
  1. Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan (2001–2008)
  2. Muhammad Mian Soomro, Acting President of Pakistan (2008)
  3. Asif Ali Zardari, President of Pakistan (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Muhammad Mian Soomro, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2007–2008)
  2. Yousaf Raza Gillani, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2008–present)
Philippines
- President - Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, President of the Philippines (2001–present)
- Mindanao (autonomous region)
  - Governor - Zaldy Ampatuan, Governor of Mindanao (2005–present)
Singapore
- President - S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–present)
Sri Lanka
- President - Mahinda Rajapakse, President of Sri Lanka (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2005–present)
Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President -
  1. Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China (2000–2008)
  2. Ma Ying-jeou, President of the Republic of China (2008–present)
- Premier -
  1. Chang Chun-hsiung, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (2007–2008)
  2. Liu Chao-shiuan, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (2008–2009)
Tajikistan
- President - Emomalii Rahmon, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
- Prime Minister - Oqil Oqilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–present)
- Gorno-Badakhshan (autonomous province)
  - Chairman of the Administration - Kadyr Kasymov, Chairmen of the Executive Committee (2006–present)
Thailand
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Surayud Chulanont, Prime Minister of Thailand (2006–2008)
  2. Samak Sundaravej, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008)
  3. Somchai Wongsawat, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008)
  4. Chaovarat Chanweerakul, Caretaker Prime Minister of Thailand (2008)
  5. Abhisit Vejjajiva, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008–present)
Turkmenistan
- President - Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, President of Turkmenistan (2006–present)
Uzbekistan
- President - Islom Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1990–present)^[5]
- Prime Minister - Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–present)
- Karakalpakstan (autonomous republic)
  - President - Musa Yerniyazov, President of Karakalpakstan (2002–present)
  - Prime Minister - Bakhodir Yangiboyev, Prime Minister of Karakalpakstan (2006-present)
Vietnam
- Communist Party Leader - Nông Đức Mạnh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2001–present)
- President - Nguyễn Minh Triết, President of Vietnam (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Prime Minister of Vietnam (2006–present)

[edit] Europe

Albania
- President - Bamir Topi, President of Albania (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Sali Berisha, Prime Minister of Albania (2005–present)
Andorra
- Monarchs
  - French Co-Prince - Nicolas Sarkozy, French Co-Prince of Andorra (2007–present)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (2003–present)
- Head of the Government - Albert Pintat, Head of Government of Andorra (2005–2009)
Armenia
- President -
  1. Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
  2. Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Serzh Sargsyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2007–2008)
  2. Tigran Sarkisyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2008–present)
Austria
- President - Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–present)
- Chancellor -
  1. Alfred Gusenbauer, Chancellor of Austria (2007–2008)
  2. Werner Faymann, Chancellor of Austria (2008–present)
Azerbaijan
- President - Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
- Nakhichevan (autonomous republic)
  - Prime Minister - Alovsat Bakhshiev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Nakhichevan (2000–present)
- Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognized, secessionist state)
  - President - Bako Sahakyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (2007–present)
  - Prime Minister - Arayik Harutyunyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (2007–present)
Belarus
- President - Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
- Prime Minister - Sergey Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–present)
Belgium
- Monarch - Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
  2. Yves Leterme, Prime Minister of Belgium (2008)
  3. Herman Van Rompuy, Prime Minister of Belgium (2008–2009)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Presidency
  - Serb member - Nebojša Radmanović (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency (2008-2009)
  - Bosniak member - Haris Silajdžić (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency (2008)
  - Croat member - Željko Komšić (2006–present), Chairman of the Presidency (2007–2008)
- Prime Minister - Nikola Špirić, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–present)
- High Representative - Miroslav Lajčák, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–2009)
- Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (constituent entity)
  - President - Borjana Krišto, President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–present)
  - Prime Minister - Nedžad Branković, Prime Minister of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007–present)
- Republika Srpska (constituent entity)
  - President - Rajko Kuzmanović, President of the Republika Srpska (2007–present)
  - Prime Minister - Milorad Dodik, Prime Minister of the Republika Srpska (2006–present)
Bulgaria
- President - Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Sergey Stanishev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2005–2009)
Croatia
- President - Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Ivo Sanader, President of the Government of Croatia (2003–2009)
Cyprus
- President -
  1. Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
  2. Dimitris Christofias, President of Cyprus (2008–present)
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (unrecognized, secessionist state)
  - President - Mehmet Ali Talat, President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Ferdi Sabit Soyer, Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (2005–2009)
Czech Republic
- President - Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Mirek Topolánek, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2006–2009)
Kingdom of Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
- Denmark (autonomous region)
  - Prime Minister - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–2009)
- Faroe Islands (autonomous region)
  - High Commissioner -
    1. Søren Christiansen, High Commissioner in the Faroe Islands (2005-2008)
    2. Dan M. Knudsen, High Commissioner in the Faroe Islands (2008-present)
  - Prime Minister -
    1. Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2004–2008)
    2. Kaj Leo Johannesen, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2008-present)
- Greenland (autonomous region)
  - High Commissioner - Søren Hald Møller, High Commissioner in Greenland (2005-present)
  - Prime Minister - Hans Enoksen, Prime Minister of Greenland (2002–2009)
Estonia
- President - Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of Estonia (2006-present)
- Prime Minister - Andrus Ansip, Prime Minister of Estonia (2005-present)
Finland
- President - Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–present)
- Åland (autonomous province)
  - Premier - Viveka Eriksson, Premier of Åland (2007–present)
France
- President - Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - François Fillon, Prime Minister of France (2007–present)
Georgia
- President -
  1. Nino Burjanadze, Acting President of Georgia (2007–2008)
  2. Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Lado Gurgenidze, Prime Minister of Georgia (2007–2008)
  2. Grigol Mgaloblishvili, Prime Minister of Georgia (2008–2009)
- Adjara (autonomous republic)
  - Chairman of the Government - Levan Varshalomidze, Chairman of the Government of the Autonomous Republic of Ajaria (2004–present)
- Abkhazia (partially recognized secessionist state)
  - President - Sergey Bagapsh, President of Abkhazia (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Alexander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2005–present)
- South Ossetia (partially recognized secessionist state)
  - President - Eduard Kokoyty, President of South Ossetia (2001–present)
  - Prime Minister -
    1. Yury Morozov, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005–2008)
    2. Boris Chochiev, Acting Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2008)
    3. Aslanbek Bulatsev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2008-present)
Germany
- President - Horst Köhler, President of Germany (2004–present)
- Chancellor - Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany (2005–present)
Greece
- President - Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–2009)
- Mount Athos (autonomous monastic state)
  - Spiritual Leader - Bartholomew I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1991–present)
Hungary
- President - László Sólyom, President of Hungary (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–2009)
Iceland
- President - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–present)
- Prime Minister - Geir Haarde, Prime Minister of Iceland (2006–2009)
Ireland
- President - Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach of Ireland (1997–2008)
  2. Brian Cowen, Taoiseach of Ireland (2008–present)
Italy
- President - Giorgio Napolitano, President of Italy (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Romano Prodi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2006–2008)
  2. Silvio Berlusconi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2008–present)
Latvia
- President - Valdis Zatlers, President of Latvia (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Ivars Godmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2007–2009)
Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Hans Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
- Regent - Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004 – present)
- Head of Government - Otmar Hasler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2001–2009)
Lithuania
- President - Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Gediminas Kirkilas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2006–2008)
  2. Andrius Kubilius, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2008–present)
Luxembourg
- Monarch - Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–present)
Macedonia
- President - Branko Crvenkovski, President of Macedonia (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister - Nikola Gruevski, Prime Minister of Macedonia (2006–present)
Malta
- President - Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister - Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–present)
Moldova
- President - Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–2009)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–2008)
  2. Zinaida Greceanîi, Prime Minister of Moldova (2008–2009)
- Gagauzia (autonomous region)
  - Governor - Mihail Formuzal, Governor of Gagauzia Autonomous Region (2006–present)
- Transnistria (unrecognized secessionist state)
  - President - Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1991–present)
Monaco
- Monarch - Albert II, Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
- Minister of State - Jean-Paul Proust, Minister of State of Monaco (2005–present)
Montenegro
- President - Filip Vujanović, President of Montenegro (2002–present)^[6]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Željko Šturanović, President of the Government of Montenegro (2006–2008)
  2. Milo Đukanović, President of the Government of Montenegro (2008–present)
Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
- The Netherlands (constituent country)
  - Prime Minister - Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–present)
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
  - see under North America
- Aruba (constituent country)
  - see under North America
Norway
- Monarch - Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
- Prime Minister - Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2005–present)
Poland
- President - Lech Kaczyński, President of the Republic of Poland (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Donald Tusk, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2007–present)
Portugal
- President - Aníbal Cavaco Silva, President of Portugal (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - José Sócrates, Prime Minister of Portugal (2005–present)
- Azores (autonomous region)
  - Head of Government - Carlos César, President of the Government of the Azores (1996–present)
- Madeira (autonomous region)
  - Head of Government - Alberto João Jardim, President of the Government of Madeira (1978–present)
Romania
- President - Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Prime Minister of Romania (2004–2008)
  2. Emil Boc, Prime Minister of Romania (2008–present)
Russia
- President -
  1. Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
  2. Dmitry Medvedev‎, President of Russia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Viktor Zubkov, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2007–2008)
  2. Vladimir Putin, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2008–present)
San Marino
- Captains-Regent -
  1. Mirko Tomassoni‎ and Alberto Selva‎, Captains-Regent of San Marino (October 2007–April 2008)
  2. Rosa Zafferani and Federico Pedini Amati, Captains-Regent of San Marino (April 2008–October 2008)
  3. Ernesto Benedettini and Assunta Meloni, Captains-Regent of San Marino (October 2008-April 2009)
Serbia
- President - Boris Tadić President of Serbia (2004–present)^[7]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Vojislav Koštunica, President of the Government of Serbia (2004–2008)^[7]
  2. Mirko Cvetković, President of the Government of Serbia (2008-present)
- Kosovo (partially recognized secessionist state under nominal international administration)
- declared independence on 17 February, 2008
  - President - Fatmir Sejdiu, President of Kosovo (2006–present)
  - Prime Minister -
    1. Agim Çeku, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2006–2008)
    2. Hashim Thaçi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2008–present)
  - Special Representative -
    1. Joachim Rücker, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Kosovo (2006–2008)
    2. Lamberto Zannier, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Kosovo (2008–present)
Slovakia
- President - Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia (2006–present)
Slovenia
- President - Danilo Türk, President of Slovenia (2007–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–2008)
  2. Borut Pahor, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2008–present)
Spain
- Monarch - Juan Carlos, King of Spain (1975–present)
- Prime Minister - José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–present)
Sweden
- Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
- Prime Minister - Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime Minister of Sweden (2006–present)
Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Council - Moritz Leuenberger (1995–present), Pascal Couchepin (1998–2009, President), Samuel Schmid (2000–2008), Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–present), Hans-Rudolf Merz (2003–present), Doris Leuthard (2006–present), Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf (2008–present)
Turkey
- President - Abdullah Gül, President of Turkey (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–present)
Ukraine
- President - Victor Yushchenko, President of Ukraine (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Yulia Tymoshenko, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2007–present)
- Crimea (autonomous republic)
  - Prime Minister - Viktor Plakida, Prime Minister of Crimea (2006–present)
United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
- Prime Minister - Gordon Brown, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (2007–present)
  - Northern Ireland (country of the United Kingdom)
    - First Minister -
      1. Ian Paisley, First Minister of Northern Ireland (2007–2008)
      2. Peter Robinson, First Minister of Northern Ireland (2008-present)
  - Scotland (country of the United Kingdom)
    - First Minister - Alex Salmond, First Minister of Scotland (2007–present)
  - Wales (country of the United Kingdom)
    - First Minister - Rhodri Morgan, First Minister of Wales (2000–2009)
- Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
  - Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Fabian Malbon, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (2005–present)
  - Chief minister -
    1. Mike Torode, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2007–2008)
    2. Lyndon Trott, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2008–present)
  - Alderney (self-governing island)
    - Head of Government - Sir Norman Browse, President of the States of Alderney (2002 – present)
  - Sark (self-governing island)
    - Seigneur - John Michael Beaumont, Seigneur of Sark (1974 – present)
- Jersey (British Crown dependency)
  - Lieutenant-Governor - Andrew Ridgway, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (2006–present)
  - Chief Minister -
    1. Frank Walker, Chief Minister of Jersey (2005–2008)
    2. Terry Le Sueur, Chief Minister of Jersey (2008–present)
- Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
  - Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Paul Haddacks, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2005–present)
  - Chief minister - Tony Brown, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2006–present)
- Gibraltar (British overseas territory)
  - Governor - Sir Robert Fulton, Governor of Gibraltar (2006–2009)
  - Chief Minister - Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–present)
Vatican City
- Pope - Benedict XVI, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (2005–present)
- Secretary of State - Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Secretary of State (2006–present)
- President of the Governorate - Giovanni Lajolo, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (2006–present)

[edit] Middle East

Bahrain
- Monarch - Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain (1999–2002), King of Bahrain (2002–present)
- Prime minister - Khalifa bin Salman Ali Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–present)^[8]
Egypt
- President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–present)
- Prime Minister - Ahmed Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt (2004–present)
Iran
- Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
- President - Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran (2005–present)
Iraq
- President - Jalal Talabani, President of Iraq (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Nuri al-Maliki, Prime Minister of Iraq, (2006–present)
- Kurdistan Autonomous Region
  - President - Massoud Barzani, President of Kurdistan (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Nechervan Idris Barzani, Prime Minister of Kurdistan (2005–2009)
Israel
- President - Shimon Peres, President of Israel (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Ehud Olmert, Prime Minister of Israel (2006–2009)
- Palestinian Authority (non-state administrative authority)
  - President - Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian Authority (2005–present)
  - Prime Minister - Salam Fayyad, Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority (2007–present) (emergency rule)
  - Gaza Strip (in rebellion against the Palestinian National Authority)
    - Prime Minister - Ismail Haniya, de facto leader of the Palestinian Authority in the Gaza Strip (2007–present)
Jordan
- Monarch - King Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Nader al-Dahabi, Prime Minister of Jordan (2007–present)
Kuwait
- Monarch - Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Nasser Al-Mohammed Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2006–present)
Lebanon
- President -
  1. Fouad Siniora, Acting President of Lebanon (2007–2008)
  2. Michel Suleiman, President of Lebanon (2008–present)
- Prime Minister - Fouad Siniora, Prime Minister of Lebanon (2005–2009)
Oman
- Monarch - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
- Prime Minister - Qaboos Bin Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
Qatar
- Monarch - Hamad ibn Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–present)
- Prime Minister - Hamad bin Jassem bin Jabr Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (2007–present)
Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Abdullah, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2005–present)
Syria
- President - Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Muhammad Naji al-Otari, Prime Minister of Syria (2003–present)
United Arab Emirates
- President - Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)
Yemen
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1990–present)^[9]
- Prime Minister - Ali Mohammed Mujur, Prime Minister of Yemen (2007–present)

[edit] North America

Anguilla (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Andrew George, Governor of Anguilla (2006–2009)
- Chief Minister - Osbourne Fleming, Chief Minister of Anguilla (2000–present)
Antigua and Barbuda
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Dame Louise Lake-Tack, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Baldwin Spencer, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2004–present)
Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor - Fredis Refunjol, Governor of Aruba (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Nelson Oduber, Prime Minister of Aruba (2001–2009)
The Bahamas
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General - Arthur Dion Hanna, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Hubert Ingraham, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2007–present)
Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Clifford Husbands, Governor-General of Barbados (1996–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados (1994–2008)
  2. David Thompson, Prime Minister of Barbados (2008–present)
Belize
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Colville Young, Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1998–2008)
  2. Dean Barrow, Prime Minister of Belize (2008–present)
Bermuda (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Sir Richard Gozney, Governor of Bermuda (2007–present)
- Premier - Ewart Brown, Premier of Bermuda (2006–present)
British Virgin Islands (British overseas territory)
- Governor - David Pearey, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2006–present)
- Premier - Ralph T. O'Neal, Premier of the British Virgin Islands (2007–present)
Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
- Governor-General - Michaëlle Jean, Governor General of Canada (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada (2006–present)
Cayman Islands (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Stuart Jack, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2005–2009)
- Head of Government - Kurt Tibbetts, Leader of Government Business of the Cayman Islands (2005–2009)
Costa Rica
- President - Óscar Arias, President of Costa Rica (2006–present)
Cuba
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965-present)
- President -
  1. Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
  2. Raúl Castro, Acting President of the Council of State (2006–2008), President of the Council of State of Cuba (2008–present)
- Premier -
  1. Fidel Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (1959–2008)
  2. Raúl Castro, Acting President of the Council of Ministers (2006–2008), President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (2008–present)
Dominica
- President - Nicholas Liverpool, President of Dominica (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
Dominican Republic
- President - Leonel Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (2004–present)
El Salvador
- President - Antonio Saca, President of El Salvador (2004–2009)
Grenada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
- Governor-General -
  1. Sir Daniel Williams, Governor-General of Grenada (1996–2008)
  2. Carlyle Glean, Governor-General of Grenada (2008-present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (1995–2008)
  2. Tillman Thomas, Prime Minister of Grenada (2008–present)
Guatemala
- President -
  1. Óscar Berger, President of Guatemala (2004–2008)
  2. Álvaro Colom, President of Guatemala (2008–present)
Haiti
- President - René Préval, President of Haiti (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Jacques-Édouard Alexis, Prime Minister of Haiti (2006–2008)
  2. Michèle Pierre-Louis, Prime Minister of Haiti (2008–2009)
Honduras
- President - Manuel Zelaya, President of Honduras (2006–2009)
Jamaica
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Kenneth Hall, Governor-General of Jamaica (2006–2009)
- Prime Minister - Bruce Golding, Prime Minister of Jamaica (2007–present)
Mexico
- President - Felipe Calderón, President of Mexico (2006–present)
Montserrat (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Peter Andrew Waterworth, Governor of Montserrat (2007–present)
- Chief Minister - Lowell Lewis, Chief Minister of Montserrat (2006–2009)
Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor - Frits Goedgedrag, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Emily de Jongh-Elhage, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (2006–present)
Nicaragua
- President - Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua (2007–present)
Panama
- President - Martín Torrijos, President of Panama (2004–2009)
Saint Barthélemy (Overseas collectivity of France)
- Prefect - Dominique Lacroix, Prefect of Saint Barthélemy (2007–present)
- President of the Territorial Council - Bruno Magras, President of the Territorial Council (2007–present)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Cuthbert Sebastian, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1996–present)
- Prime Minister - Denzil Douglas, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1995–present)
- Nevis (autonomous island)
  - Deputy Governor-General - Eustace John, Deputy Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1992–present)
  - Premier - Joseph Parry, Premier of Nevis (2006–present)
Saint Lucia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Lucia (1979–present)
- Governor-General - Dame Pearlette Louisy, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1997–present)
- Prime Minister - Stephenson King, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (2007–present)
Saint Martin (Overseas collectivity of France)
- Prefect - Dominique Lacroix, Prefect of Saint Martin (2007–present)
- President of the Territorial Council -
  1. Louis Constant Fleming, President of the Territorial Council (2007-2008)
  2. Marthe Ogoundélé, Acting President of the Territorial Council (2008)
  3. Frantz Gumbs, President of the Territorial Council (2008–present)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Overseas collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
  1. Yves Fauqueur, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2006-2008)
  2. Jean-Pierre Berçot, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2008–present)
- President of the Territorial Council - Stéphane Artano, President of the Territorial Council (2006–present)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Frederick Ballantyne, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002–present)
- Prime Minister - Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2001–present)
Trinidad and Tobago
- President - George Maxwell Richards, President of Trinidad and Tobago (2003–present)
- Prime Minister - Patrick Manning, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (2001–present)
- Tobago (autonomous island)
  - Chief Secretary - Orville London, Chief Secretary of the House of Assembly of Tobago (2001–present)
Turks and Caicos Islands (British overseas territory)
- Governor -
  1. Richard Tauwhare, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2005-2008)
  2. Mahala Wynns, Acting Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2008)
  3. Gordon Wetherell, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2008–present)
- Premier - Michael Misick, Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2003–2009)
United States of America
- President - George W. Bush, President of the United States (2001–2009)

[edit] Oceania

Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
- Governor-General -
  1. Michael Jeffery, Governor-General of Australia (2003–2008)
  2. Quentin Bryce, Governor-General of Australia (2008–present)
- Prime Minister - Kevin Rudd, Prime Minister of Australia (2007–present)
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
  - Administrator - Owen Walsh, Administrator of Norfolk Island (2007–present)
  - Chief Minister - Andre Nobbs, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2007-present)
Fiji
- President - Ratu Josefa Iloilo, President of Fiji (2000–present)
- Prime Minister - Frank Bainimarama, Interim Prime Minister of Fiji (2007–present)
French Polynesia (French overseas collectivity)
- High Commissioner
  1. Anne Boquet, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2005–2008)
  2. Adolphe Colrat, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2008–present)
- President -
  1. Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia (2007–2008)
  2. Gaston Flosse, President of French Polynesia (2008)
  3. Gaston Tong Sang, President of French Polynesia (2008–2009)
Kiribati
- President - Anote Tong, President of Kiribati (2003–present)
Marshall Islands
- President -
  1. Kessai Note, President of the Marshall Islands (2000–2008)
  2. Litokwa Tomeing, President of the Marshall Islands (2008–2009)
Federated States of Micronesia
- President - Manny Mori, President of the Federated States of Micronesia (2007–present)
Nauru
- President - Marcus Stephen, President of Nauru (2007–present)
New Caledonia (Sui Generis Collectivity of France)
- High Commissioner - Yves Dassonville, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2007–present)
- President of the Government - Harold Martin, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2007–2009)
New Zealand
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
- Governor-General - Anand Satyanand, Governor-General of New Zealand (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–2008)
  2. John Key, Prime Minister of New Zealand (2008–present)
- Cook Islands (Associated state of New Zealand)
  - High Commissioner -
    1. John Bryan, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2005–2008)
    2. Brian Donnelly, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2008)
    3. Tia Barrett, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2008-2009)
  - Queen's Representative - Sir Frederick Goodwin, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (2001–present)
  - Prime Minister - Jim Marurai, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2004–present)
- Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
  - Resident Commissioner -
    1. Anton Ojala, Resident Commissioner of Niue (2006–2008)
    2. Brian Smythe, Resident Commissioner of Niue (2008-present)
  - Premier
    1. Young Vivian, Premier of Niue (2002–2008)
    2. Toke Talagi, Premier of Niue (2008-present)
- Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand)
  - Administrator - David Payton, Administrator of Tokelau (2006–present)
  - Head of Government -
    1. Kuresa Nasau, Head of Government of Tokelau (2007–2008)
    2. Pio Tuia, Head of Government of Tokelau (2008–2009)
Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the U.S.)
- Governor - Benigno Fitial, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2006–present)
Palau
- President - Tommy Remengesau, President of Palau (2001–2009)
Papua New Guinea
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Paulias Matane, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2004–present)
- Prime Minister - Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2002–present)
- Bougainville (autonomous region)
  - President -
    1. Joseph Kabui, President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (2005-2008)
    2. John Tabinaman, Acting President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (2008-2009)
Pitcairn Islands (British overseas territory)
- Governor - George Fergusson, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2006–present)
- Commissioner - Leslie Jacques, Commissioner of the Pitcairn Islands (2003–present)
- Mayor - Mike Warren, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2007–present)
Samoa
- Head of State - Tupua Tamasese Tupuola Tufuga Efi, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa (2007–present)
- Prime Minister - Tuila'epa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa (1998–present)
Solomon Islands
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Nathaniel Waena, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister - Derek Sikua, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2007–present)
Tonga
- Monarch - George Tupou V, King of Tonga (2006–present)
- Prime Minister - Feleti Sevele, Prime Minister of Tonga (2006–present)
Tuvalu
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Filoimea Telito, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2005–present)
- Prime Minister - Apisai Ielemia, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2006–present)
Vanuatu
- President - Kalkot Mataskelekele, President of Vanuatu (2004–2009)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Ham Lini, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2004–2008)
  2. Edward Natapei, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2008–present)
Wallis and Futuna (French overseas collectivity)
- Administrator-Superior -
  1. Richard Didier, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2006–2008)
  2. Philippe Paolantoni, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2008-present)
- President of the Territorial Assembly - Victor Brial, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2007 – present)

[edit] South America

Argentina
- President - Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, President of Argentina (2007–present)
Bolivia
- President - Evo Morales, President of Bolivia (2006–present)
Brazil
- President - Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil (2003–present)
Chile
- President - Michelle Bachelet, President of Chile (2006–present)
Colombia
- President - Álvaro Uribe, President of Colombia (2002–present)
Ecuador
- President - Rafael Correa, President of Ecuador (2007–present)
Falkland Islands (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Alan Huckle, Governor of the Falkland Islands (2006–present)
Guyana
- President - Bharrat Jagdeo, President of Guyana (1999–present)
- Prime Minister - Sam Hinds, Prime Minister of Guyana (1999–present)
Paraguay
- President -
  1. Nicanor Duarte Frutos, President of Paraguay (2003–2008)
  2. Fernando Lugo, President of Paraguay (2008–present)
Peru
- President - Alan García Pérez, President of Peru (2006–present)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Jorge Del Castillo, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2006–2008)
  2. Yehude Simon, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2008–2009)
Suriname
- President - Ronald Venetiaan, President of Suriname (2000–present)
Uruguay
- President - Tabaré Vázquez, President of Uruguay (2005–present)
Venezuela
- President - Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (2002–present)

[edit] References

^ Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
^ Brunei only became independent in 1984.
^ Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
^ The position of the Chairman was declared to be the "highest office of state" by the constitution that came into effect on September 5, 1998.
^ Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
^ Montenegro only became independent in 2006.
^ ^a ^b Serbia only became independent in 2006.
^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
^ Previously president of North Yemen from 1978 to 1990.

Rulers

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_2008"

Categories: 2008 | Lists of state leaders by year | Lists of current office-holders | 21st-century rulers

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