State leaders in 1876 - Events of 1877 - State leaders in 1878 - State leaders by year

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Contents 1 Africa 2 Asia 3 Europe 4 Middle East and North Africa 5 North America and the Caribbean 6 Oceania 7 South America

[edit] Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy - Mensa Bonsu Kumaa, Asantehene (1874-1883)
• Burundi - Mwezi IV Gisabo, King of Burundi (1852-1908)
• Dahomey - Glele, King of Dahomey (1856-1889)
• Ethiopia - Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia (1871-1889)
• Liberia - James Spriggs Payne, President of Liberia (1876-1878)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph -
    1. Abu Bakr bin Bello, Sokoto Caliph (1873-1877)
    2. Mu'adh bin Bello, Sokoto Caliph (1877-1881)
  • Grand Vizier - Abdullah bin Muhammad Fodiye, Sokoto Grand Vizier (c.1874-1886)
• Zanzibar - Barghash ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Zanzibar (1870-1888)
• Zulu - Cetshwayo kaMpande, King of the Zulu (1872-1884)

[edit] Asia

• Afghanistan - Shir Ali Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (1868-1879)
• Burma - Mindon Min, King of Burma (1853-1878)
• Cambodia - Norodom, King of Cambodia (1860-1904)
• Champasak - Kham Suk, King of Champasak (1863-1900)
• China - Guāngxù Emperor of China, Qing Dynasty (1875-1908)
• India - Victoria, Empress of India (1876-1901)
• Japan - Monarch - Meiji Emperor, Emperor of Japan (1867-1912)
  • Okinawa Domain - Shō Tai, King of Ryūkyū (1848-11 March 1879)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Gojong, King of Joseon (1864-1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Luang Phrabang - Unkham, King of Luang Phrabang (1868-1895)
• Nepal - Surendra Bikram Shah Deva, King of Nepal (1847-1881)
• Oman - Turki bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1871-1888)
• Siam - Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King of Siam (1868-1910)
• Vietnam - Tu Duc, Emperor of Vietnam (1847-1883)

[edit] Europe

• Andorra - Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta (President of France) and Josep Caixal i Estradé (Bishop of Urgel), co-Princes (1873-1879 and 1853-1879)
• Austria-Hungary - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848-1916)
  • Minister-President of Austria - Prince Adolf Wilhelm Daniel von Auersperg, Minister-President of Austria (1871-1879)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Kálmán Tisza, Minister-President of Hungary (1875-1890)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865-1909)
  • Cabinet Chief - Jules Malou, Cabinet Chief of Belgium (1871-1878, 1884)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
  • Prime Minister - Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup, Prime Minister of Denmark (1875-1894)
• France -
  • President - Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta, President of France (1873-1879)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jules Simon, President of the Council (1876-1877)
    2. Duc de Broglie, President of the Council (1877)
    3. Gaëtan de Rochebouët, President of the Council (1877)
    4. Jules Dufaure, President of the Council (1877-1879)
• Germany -
  • Monarch - Wilhelm I, German Emperor (1871-1888)
  • Chancellor - Otto von Bismarck, Chancellor of Germany (1871-1890)
  • see also List of German rulers in 1877
• Greece -
  • Monarch - George I, King of the Hellenes (1863-1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Alexandros Koumoundouros, Prime Minister of Greece (1876-1877)
    2. Epameinontas Deligeorgis, Prime Minister of Greece (1877)
    3. Alexandros Koumoundouros, Prime Minister of Greece (1877)
    4. Konstantinos Kanaris, Prime Minister of Greece (1877)
    5. Alexandros Koumoundouros, Prime Minister of Greece (1877-1878)
• Holy See - Pope Pius IX, Bishop of Rome (1846-1878)
• Italy
  • Monarch - Vittorio Emanuele II, King of Italy (1861-1878)
  • Prime Minister - Agostino Depretis, Prime Minister of Italy (1876-1878)
• Liechtenstein - Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1858-1929)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
  • Prime Minister - Félix de Blochausen, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1874-1885)
• Monaco - Charles III, Prince of Monaco (1856-1889)
• Montenegro - Nicholas I, Prince of Montenegro (1860-1910/1918/1921)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-1890)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jan Heemskerk, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1874-1877, 1883-1888)
    2. Jan Kappeyne van de Coppello, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1877-1879)
• Norway - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Oscar II, King of Norway (1872-1905)
• Portugal - Luis I, King of Portugal (1861-1889)
• Romania - Carol I, Prince of Romania (1866-1881/1914)
• Russia - Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (1855-1881)
• San Marino -
  1. Settimio Belluzzi and Michele Ceccoli, Captains-General (1876-1877)
  2. Innocenzo Bonelli and Andrea Barbieri, Captains-General (1877)
  3. Giuliano Belluzzi and Pietro Ugolini, Captains-General (1877-1878)
• Serbia - Milan II, Prince of Serbia (1868-1882/1889)
• Spain -
  • Monarch - Alfonso XII of Spain, King of Spain (1875-1885)
  • Prime Minister - Antonio Cánovas Del Castillo, Prime Minister of Spain (1874-1875, 1875-1879, 1879-1881, 1884-1885, 1890-1892, 1895-1897)
• Sweden - United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
  • Monarch - Oscar II, King of Sweden (1872-1907)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Gerhard De Geer, Prime Minister of Sweden (1876-1880)
• Switzerland - Joachim Heer, President of the Swiss Confederation (1877)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837-1901)
  • Prime Minister - The Earl of Beaconsfield, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1868, 1874-1880)

[edit] Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi - Zaid ibn Khalifa, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855-1909)
• Egypt - Ismail, Khedive of Egypt (1867-1879)
• Morocco - Hassan I, Sultan of Morocco (1873-1894)
• Oman - Turki ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Oman (1871-1888)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch - Abd-ul-Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909)
  • Grand Vizier -
    1. Midhat Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1876-1877)
    2. Tunuslu Ibrahim Edhem Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1877-1878)
• Persia - Nasir ed-Din, Shah of Persia (1848-1896)
• Tunis - Muhammad as-Sadiq, Bey of Tunis (1859-1882)

[edit] North America and the Caribbean

• Canada
  • Monarch - Victoria, Queen of Canada (1837-1901)
  • Governor General - Marquess of Dufferin and Ava (1872-1878)
  • Prime Minister - Alexander Mackenzie, Prime Minister of Canada (1873-1878)
• Costa Rica -
  1. Vicente Herrera Zeledón, President of Costa Rica (1876–1877)
  2. Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1877–1882)
• Dominican Republic - Buenaventura Báez, President of the Dominican Republic (1876-1878)
• El Salvador - Rafael Zaldívar, President of El Salvador (1876-1885)
• Guatemala - Justo Rufino Barrios, President of Guatemala (1873-1885)
• Haiti - Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, President of Haiti (1876-1879)
• Honduras - Marco Aurelio Soto, President of Honduras (1876-1883)
• Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1876-1880)
• Nicaragua - Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Alfaro, President of Nicaragua (1875-1879)
• United States -
  1. Ulysses S. Grant, President of the United States (1869-1877)
  2. Rutherford B. Hayes, President of the United States (1877-1881)

[edit] Oceania

• Hawaii - Kalākaua, King of Hawaiʻi (1874-1891)
• Niue - Tui-toga, King of Niue (1875-1887)
• Samoa - Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860-1880)
• Tahiti -
  1. Pomare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827-1877)
  2. Pomare V, King of Tahiti (1877-1880)
• Tonga -
  • Monarch - George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845-1893)
  • Prime Minister - Tevita 'Unga, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1876 – 1880)

[edit] South America

• Argentina - Nicolás Avellaneda, President of Argentina (1874-1880)
• Bolivia - Hilarión Daza, Provisional President of Bolivia (1876-1879)
• Brazil - Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil (1831-1889)
• Chile - Aníbal Pinto, President of Chile (1876-1881)
• Colombia - Aquileo Parra, President of Colombia (1876-1878)
• Ecuador - Ignacio de Veintemilla, Supreme Chief of Ecuador (1876-1878/1883)
• Paraguay -
  1. Juan Bautista Gill, President of Paraguay (1874-1877)
  2. Higinio Uriarte, President of Paraguay (1877-1878)
• Peru - Mariano Ignacio Prado, President of Peru (1876-1879)
• Uruguay - Lorenzo Latorre, President of Uruguay (1876-1879)
• Venezuela -
  1. Antonio Guzmán Blanco, President of Venezuela (1870-1877)
  2. Francisco Linares Alcántara, President of Venezuela (1877-1878)