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List of sovereign states:

The terms country, state, and nation can have various meanings. Therefore, diverse lists of these entities are possible. Wikipedia offers the following lists:

the list of countries, listing countries in the sense of independent states (both those that are internationally recognized and generally unrecognized), inhabited dependent territories, and areas of special sovereignty.
the list of sovereign states, listing sovereign states with information on the extent of their sovereignty. It includes both states widely recognized (de jure) to be sovereign and entities that claim sovereignty while exercising de facto control over (part of) their claimed territory.

Related lists are the lists of federations, unrecognized countries, autonomous areas, dependent territories, territorial disputes, and Government in exile. In some contexts country and state is also used for some subnational entities.^[1] More lists of countries can be found at the lists of countries.

This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged, gives an overview of states around the world with information on the extent of their sovereignty. It includes both states widely recognized (de jure) to be sovereign and entities that claim sovereignty while exercising de facto control over (part of) their claimed territory.

Contents:	Criteria for inclusion Sovereign states: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z Other states See also - Other listings - References and footnotes

[edit] Criteria for inclusion

This list derives its definition of a sovereign state from Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention of 1933. According to the Convention, a sovereign state should possess the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population, (b) a defined territory, (c) government, and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states. In respect of the last qualification, the role of recognition by other states can often be crucial since it implies acceptance into the international community.^[2] The list includes all states that satisfy these criteria and claim independence; however, the aforementioned qualifications are not absolute and permit variations.

On the basis of the above criteria, this list includes the following 203 entities:

193 sovereign states with general international recognition:
- 192 member states of the United Nations
- One state with general international recognition but not UN membership, governed by the Holy See (a UN permanent observer): Vatican City
10 sovereign states lacking general international recognition:
- Six entities lacking general international recognition, none of which are UN members, that may be defined as states in the body of customary international law: Abkhazia, the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Kosovo, the Palestinian territories and South Ossetia.
- Four entities lacking general international recognition, none of which are UN members, that have declared independence and have limited or no international recognition: the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (recognized only by Turkey), Nagorno-Karabakh, Transnistria, Somaliland.

Entities considered to be micronations that are not internationally recognized are not included.

Unlisted are the following noteworthy entities that do not possess all the qualifications in the Montevideo Convention:

two states, in free association with New Zealand and represented in most matters by that country: Niue and the Cook Islands.
one entity, a UN observer member, recognized by 96 states, but with extraterritorial areas within Rome is the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
The European Union, a sui generis supranational organization which currently has 27 member countries. The member countries transferred part of their legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU; therefore, it has some characteristics of a sovereign state, without generally being considered a sovereign state.
Parts of Antarctica are claimed by a few nations.

The listing or placement of any entity in this article is not meant to imply an official position in any naming dispute.

[edit] Internationally recognized sovereign states

This list is complete and up-to-date as of June 8, 2008.

New Zealand claims sovereignty over parts of Antarctica as: New Zealand Antarctic Territory

Name in English and the official languages of the state^[3]	Information on the extent of the sovereignty^[4]

[edit] A

Abkhazia Other states

Afghanistan - Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت De Afġānistān Islāmī Jomhoriyat Persian: افغانستان - جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان Afġānestān - Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Afġānistān	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Albania - Republic of Albania Albanian: Shqipëria - Republika e Shqipërise	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Algeria - People's Democratic Republic of Algeria Arabic: الجزائر - الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية Al-Jazā'ir - Al-Jumhūrīyah al-Jazā’irīyah ad-Dīmuqrāţīyah ash-Sha`bīyah	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Andorra - Principality of Andorra Catalan: Andorra - Principat d’Andorra	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Angola - Republic of Angola Portuguese: Angola - República de Angola	Widely recognized member of the UN. A separatist government in exile claims independence for Cabinda^[5]

Antigua and Barbuda - Antigua and Barbuda English - Antigua and Barbuda	Widely recognized member of the UN. Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth Realm^[6] and has a division (dependency), Barbuda, with a autonomous status.^[7]

Argentina - Argentine Republic^[8] Spanish: Argentina - República Argentina	Widely recognized member of the UN. Argentina is a federation^[9] divided in provinces and one federal district. Argentine claims also sovereignty over the British overseas territories of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands^[10]

Armenia - Republic of Armenia Armenian: Հայաստան - Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն Hayastan - Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Australia - Commonwealth of Australia English: Australia - Commonwealth of Australia	Widely recognized member of the UN. Australia is a Commonwealth Realm^[6] and a federation^[9] of states and territories. Australia has sovereignty over: Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Norfolk Island Ashmore and Cartier Islands Coral Sea Islands Heard Island and McDonald Islands Australia claims sovereignty over parts of Antarctica as: Australian Antarctic Territory

Austria - Republic of Austria German: Österreich - Republik Österreich	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] Austria is a federation^[9] divided in states (Bundesländer).

Azerbaijan - Republic of Azerbaijan Azeri: Azərbaycan - Azərbaycan Respublikası	Widely recognized member of the UN. Azerbaijan has one autonomous republic, Nakhchivan, and the autonomous region of Nagorno-Karabakh (Dağlıq Qarabağ,).^[7] In Nagorno Karabakh a de facto country in the de jure territory of Azerbaijan has been established.

[edit] B

The Bahamas - Commonwealth of The Bahamas English: The Bahamas - Commonwealth of The Bahamas	Widely recognized member of the UN. The Bahamas is a Commonwealth Realm.^[6]

Bahrain - Kingdom of Bahrain Arabic: البحرين - مملكة البحرين al-Baḥrayn - Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Bangladesh - People's Republic of Bangladesh Bengali: বাংলাদেশ - গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ Banglādeś - Gônoprojatontri Banglādeś	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Barbados English: Barbados	Widely recognized member of the UN. Barbados is a Commonwealth Realm.^[6]

Belarus - Republic of Belarus Belarusian: Беларусь - Рэспубліка Беларусь Bjelarúś - Respublika Bjelarúś Russian: Белоруссия - Республика Беларусь Belorussiya - Respublika Belarus	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Belgium - Kingdom of Belgium Dutch: België - Koninkrijk België French: Belgique - Royaume de Belgique German: Belgien - Königreich Belgien	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] Belgium is a federation^[9] divided in linguistic communities and regions.

Belize English: Belize	Widely recognized member of the UN. Belize is a Commonwealth Realm.^[6]

Benin - Republic of Benin^[12] French: Bénin - République du Bénin	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Bhutan - Kingdom of Bhutan Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ - འབྲུག་ རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ Druk Yul - Druk Gyal-khab	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Bolivia - Republic of Bolivia Spanish: Bolivia - República de Bolivia Quechua: Bulibiya - Bulibiya Mama Llaqta Aymara: Wuliwya - Wuliwya Suyu	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Bosnia and Herzegovina - Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian and Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina Serbian: Босна и Херцеговина / Bosna i Hercegovina	Widely recognized member of the UN. As a result of the Dayton Agreement between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina is divided into two constituent entities, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.^[13]

Botswana - Republic of Botswana Tswana: Botswana - Lefatshe la Botswana English: Botswana - Republic of Botswana	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Brazil - Federative Republic of Brazil Portuguese: Brasil - República Federativa do Brasil	Widely recognized member of the UN. Brasil is a federation^[9] divided in states and one federal district.

Brunei - Negara Brunei Darussalam Malay: Brunei - Negara Brunei Darussalam	Widely recognized member of the UN. Brunei claims sovereignty over part of the Spratly Islands.^[14]

Bulgaria - Republic of Bulgaria Bulgarian: България - Република България Bălgarija - Republika Bălgarija	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11]

Burkina Faso - Burkina Faso^[15] French: Burkina Faso	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Burma - Union of Myanmar (Burma) Burmese: ဴမန္မာ^[16] — Myan-ma - Pyi-daung-zu Myan-ma Naing-ngan-daw	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Burundi - Republic of Burundi Kirundi: Uburundi - Republika y'Uburundi French: Burundi - République du Burundi	Widely recognized member of the UN.

[edit] C

Cambodia - Kingdom of Cambodia Cambodian: កម្ពុជា - ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ កម្ពុជា Kampuchea - Preah Reachea Nachakr Kampuchea	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Cameroon - Republic of Cameroon French: Cameroun - République du Cameroun English: Cameroon - Republic of Cameroon	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Canada^[17] English and French: Canada	Widely recognized member of the UN. Canada is a Commonwealth Realm^[6] and a federation^[9] divided into provinces and territories.

Cape Verde - Republic of Cape Verde Portuguese: Cabo Verde - República de Cabo Verde	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Central African Republic French: République Centrafricaine Sangho: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Chad - Republic of Chad French: Tchad - République du Tchad Arabic: تشاد - جمهوريّة تشاد Tašād - Jumhūriyyat Tašād	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Chile - Republic of Chile Spanish: Chile - República de Chile	Widely recognized member of the UN. Easter Island is an integral part of Chile.

China - People's Republic of China^[18] Chinese: 中国 - 中华人民共和国 Zhōngguó - Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó	Widely recognized member of the UN.^[19] Commonly known as China, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has five autonomous regions: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Tibet.^[7] Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong (special administrative region of Hong Kong)^[20] Macau (special administrative region of Macau)^[21] It claims sovereignty over the territories of: Taiwan and associated islands, which are governed by the Republic of China (which claims sovereignty over the whole of China),^[22] The Paracel Islands (disputed by the ROC and Vietnam),^[23] The Spratly Islands (disputed by the ROC, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei),^[14] Part of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. Aksai Chin, controlled by the PRC, is claimed by India as a part of Jammu and Kashmir.^[24] Tibet and East Turkestan (Xinjiang) have separatist governments in exile.^[5]

China, Republic of Other states

Colombia - Republic of Colombia Spanish: Colombia - República de Colombia	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Comoros - Union of the Comoros Komori: Komori - Udzima wa Komori French: Comores - Union des Comores Arabic: القمر - اتحاد القمر Al-Qumur - Ittihād al-Qumur	Widely recognized member of the UN. The Comoros is a federation with autonomous islands.^[9]^[7] The Comoros dispute the French sovereignty over Mayotte and the Glorioso Islands.^[10]

Congo - Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa)^[25] French: Congo - République Démocratique du Congo	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Congo - Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) French: Congo - République du Congo	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Cook Islands New Zealand

Costa Rica - Republic of Costa Rica Spanish: Costa Rica - República de Costa Rica	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Côte d'Ivoire - Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) French: Côte d'Ivoire - République de Côte d'Ivoire	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Croatia - Republic of Croatia Croatian: Hrvatska - Republika Hrvatska	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Cuba - Republic of Cuba Spanish: Cuba - República de Cuba	Widely recognized member of the UN. The Cuban area of Guantánamo Bay is as the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base under the permanent control (with no claim of sovereignty) of the United States which pays rent under terms of treaties with Cuba.

Cyprus - Republic of Cyprus Greek: Κυπρος - Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία Kypros - Kipriakí Dimokratía Turkish: Kıbrıs - Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti	Widely recognized^[26] member of the UN and the EU.^[11] See Northern Cyprus for the de facto state in the de jure territory of Cyprus.

Czech Republic^[27] Czech: Česko - Česká republika	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11]

[edit] D

Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark Danish: Danmark - Kongeriget Danmark	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] The Kingdom of Denmark includes also two autonomous provinces. For more information, see Rigsfællesskabet. Faroe Islands (Føroyar/Færøerne) Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat/Grønland)

Djibouti - Republic of Djibouti French: Djibouti - République de Djibouti Arabic: جيبوتي - جمهورية جيبوتي Jībūtī - Jumhūrīyat Jībūtī	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Dominica - Commonwealth of Dominica English: Dominica - Commonwealth of Dominica	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Dominican Republic Spanish: República Dominicana	Widely recognized member of the UN.

[edit] E

East Timor - Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste^[28] Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e - Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e Portuguese: Timor-Leste - República Democrática de Timor-Leste	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Ecuador - Republic of Ecuador Spanish: Ecuador - República del Ecuador	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Egypt - Arab Republic of Egypt Arabic: مصر - جمهوريّة مصرالعربيّة Mişr - Jumhūriyyat Mişr al-`Arabiyyah	Widely recognized member of the UN.

El Salvador - Republic of El Salvador Spanish: El Salvador - República de El Salvador	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Equatorial Guinea - Republic of Equatorial Guinea Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial - Républica de Guinea Ecuatorial	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Eritrea - State of Eritrea Tigrinya: ኤርትራ - ሃግሬ ኤርትራ Ertra - Hagere Ertra Arabic: إرتريا - دولة إرتريا Iritriyā - Dawlat Iritriyā	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Estonia - Republic of Estonia Estonian: Eesti - Eesti Vabariik	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11]

Ethiopia - Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ - የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ Ityop'iya - Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik	Widely recognized member of the UN. Ethiopia is a federation^[9] divided in regions and chartered cities.

[edit] F

Fiji - Republic of the Fiji Islands Fijian: Viti - Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti English: Fiji - Republic of the Fiji Islands Hindustani:^[29] फ़िजी / فِجی - फ़िजी गणराज्य / فِجی رپبلک Fijī - Fijī Ripablik^[30]	Widely recognized member of the UN. Fiji has an autonomous region (dependency), Rotuma.^[7]

Finland - Republic of Finland Finnish: Suomi - Suomen Tasavalta Swedish: Finland - Republiken Finland	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] Åland is a neutral and demilitarised autonomous region of Finland.^[31].^[7]

France - French Republic French: France - République française	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] The French overseas regions/departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion) are legally part of France and France possesses the uninhabited Clipperton Island. The French sovereignty includes also the overseas territories of French Polynesia (Polynésie française) Mayotte (disputed by Comoros) New Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie) Saint-Barthélemy Saint Martin (Saint-Martin) Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon) Wallis and Futuna (Wallis-et-Futuna) French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises, uninhabited). It includes the Antarctic claim of Adélie Land. The French sovereignty over Bassas da India, Europa Island and Juan de Nova is disputed by Madagascar, over Glorioso Islands by Madagascar, the Seychelles and the Comoros and Tromelin disputed by Mauritius and the Seychelles.^[10]

[edit] G

Gabon - Gabonese Republic French: Gabon - République Gabonaise	Widely recognized member of the UN.

The Gambia - Republic of The Gambia English: The Gambia - Republic of The Gambia	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Georgia Georgian: საქართველო Sak’art’velo	Widely recognized member of the UN. Georgia has three divisions with an autonomous status, Adjara, Abkhazia and South Ossetia.^[7] Both in Abkhazia and South Ossetia de facto states inside the de jure territory of Georgia have been formed.

Germany - Federal Republic of Germany German: Deutschland - Bundesrepublik Deutschland	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] Germany is a federation^[9] divided in states (Länder).

Ghana - Republic of Ghana English: Ghana - Republic of Ghana	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Greece - Hellenic Republic Greek: Ελλάδα - Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Elláda - Ellinikí Dimokratía	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11]

Grenada English: Grenada	Widely recognized member of the UN. Grenada is a Commonwealth Realm.^[6]

Guatemala - Republic of Guatemala Spanish: Guatemala - República de Guatemala	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Guinea - Republic of Guinea French: Guinée - République de Guinée	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Guinea-Bissau - Republic of Guinea-Bissau Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau - República da Guiné-Bissau	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Guyana - Co-operative Republic of Guyana English: Guyana - Co-operative Republic of Guyana	Widely recognized member of the UN.

[edit] H

Haiti - Republic of Haiti French: Haïti - République d'Haïti Haitian Creole: Ayiti - Repiblik dAyiti	Widely recognized member of the UN. Haiti claims the uninhabited United States possession of Navassa.^[10]

Honduras - Republic of Honduras Spanish: Honduras - República de Honduras	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Hungary - Republic of Hungary Hungarian: Magyarország - Magyar Köztársaság	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11]

[edit] I

Iceland - Republic of Iceland Icelandic: Ísland - Lýðveldið Ísland	Widely recognized member of the UN.

India - Republic of India Hindi: भारत - भारत गणराज्य Bhārat - Bhārat Ganarājya English: India - Republic of India	Widely recognized member of the UN. India is a federation^[9] divided in states and union territories. The Indian sovereignty over Arunachal Pradesh is disputed by the People's Republic of China.^[10] India claims sovereignty over and administers part of Kashmir.^[24]

Indonesia - Republic of Indonesia Indonesian: Indonesia - Republik Indonesia	Widely recognized member of the UN. Indonesia has four provinces with special status, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Yogyakarta Special Region, Papua, and Jakarta Special Capital Region.^[7] Separatist governments in exile claim independence for the Republic of the South Moluccas and the Republic of West Papua^[32]

Iran - Islamic Republic of Iran Persian: ایران - جمهوری اسلامی ایران Īrān - Jomhūri-ye Eslāmi-ye Īrān	Widely recognized member of the UN. Divided into provinces and counties

Iraq - Republic of Iraq Arabic: العراق - جمهورية العراق Al-ʿIrāq - Jumhūrīyat Al-`Irāq Kurdish: عێراق - كۆماری عێراق ʿÎraq - Komara `Îraqê	Widely recognized member of the UN. Iraq's constitution labels the country as a federation^[33]^[9] divided in regions, governorates and the capital district. At present the only region is Iraqi Kurdistan.

Ireland - Ireland^[34] Irish: Éire English: Ireland	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11]

Israel - State of Israel Hebrew: ישראל - מדינת ישראל Yisra'el - Medinat Yisra'el Arabic: اسرائيل - دولة اسرائيل Isrā'īl - Dawlat Isrā'īl	Widely recognized member of the UN.^[35] Israel occupies the Golan Heights and parts of the West Bank and East Jerusalem. It has supervision over the partially occupied Palestinian territories. These occupations are internationally not recognized.^[10] See for more information also Palestine.

Italy - Italian Republic Italian: Italia - Repubblica Italiana	Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[11] Italy has autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.^[7]

Ivory Coast Côte d'Ivoire

[edit] J

Jamaica English: Jamaica	Widely recognized member of the UN. Jamaica is a Commonwealth Realm.^[6]

Japan - State of Japan^[36] Japanese: 日本 - 日本国 Nihon/Nippon - Nihon-koku/Nippon-koku	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Jordan - Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Arabic: الاردن - المملكة الأردنّيّة الهاشميّة Al-Urdunn - Al-Mamlakah al-Urdunniyyah al-Hāshimiyyah	Widely recognized member of the UN.

[edit] K

Kazakhstan - Republic of Kazakhstan Kazakh: Қазақстан - Қазақстан Республикасы Qazaqstan - Qazaqstan Respūblīkasy	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Kenya - Republic of Kenya English: Kenya - Republic of Kenya Swahili: Kenya - Jamhuri ya Kenya	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Kiribati - Republic of Kiribati Gilbertese: Kiribati - Ribaberikin Kiribati English: Kiribati - Republic of Kiribati	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Korea, North - Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) Korean: 조선 - 조선민주주의인민공화국 Chosŏn - Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Korea, South - Republic of Korea (South Korea) Korean: 한국 - 대한민국 Hanguk - Daehan Minguk	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Kosovo Other states

Kuwait - State of Kuwait Arabic: الكويت - دولة الكويت Al-Kuwayt - Dawlat al-Kuwayt	Widely recognized member of the UN.

Kyrgyzstan - Kyrgyz Republic Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан - Кыргыз Республикасы Kyrgyzstan - Kyrgyz Respublikasy Russian: Кыргызстан - Кыргызская республика Kyrgyzstan - Kyrgyzskaya respublika	Widely recognized member of the UN.

[edit] L

[edit] Criteria for inclusion

[edit] Internationally recognized sovereign states

[edit] A

[edit] B

[edit] C

[edit] D

[edit] E

[edit] F

[edit] G

[edit] H

[edit] I

[edit] J

[edit] K

[edit] L