This article lists political parties in Mexico.
Mexico has a multi-party system, which means that there are more than two dominant political parties. Nationally, there are three large political parties that dominate: the PRI, the PAN, and the PRD. Other smaller political parties survive in isolation or by forming local coalitions with any of the big three.
[edit] National parties
Following the general election of July, 2006, Mexico had eight nationally recognized political parties by the Federal Electoral Institute. National recognition was given to those parties that secured representation in Congress (effectively, a share of the popular vote greater than 2%). Under Mexican law, parties are listed in the order in which they were first registered, thus:
- National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional, PAN) – a right of center party member of Christian Democracy. It is the party of incumbent President Felipe Calderón. After the 2006 general election it became the largest party in Congress.
- Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional, PRI) – the dominating party, under different names, at the local, state, and national levels for most of the 20th century. It is currently the dominant party at the local and state level, second at the higher chamber of senators. A part of the Socialist International, it is perceived as left of center, supporting a policy of mixed economy and nationalized industries, both of which are longstanding Mexican practices.
- Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) – a left of center party. Born as "National Democratic Front", a splinter group of the PRI, in the 1988 elections. Its first candidate and founder, Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas, lost the 1988 presidential election under dubious circumstances, which eventually helped the party consolidate itself. It is currently in power in the Federal District and in several other states.
- Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo, PT) – a political party formed in 1990. It is often allied with the PRD for electoral purposes.
- Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México, PVEM) – a minor party with an environmental platform. This party allied with the PAN to elect the first non-PRI president in almost seven decades. Since then it has mostly allied with the PRI.
- Convergence (Convergencia, formerly Convergencia por la Democracia) – a minor party, formed in 1997.
- New Alliance (Nueva Alianza) – originally created by academics of the Autonomous Technical Institute of Mexico and members of the National Teachers Union, the largest union in Latin America. It was established in July 14, 2005.
In terms of their congressional representation and share of the national vote, only PRI, PAN and the PRD can be considered major parties.
[edit] Other political parties
[edit] Local parties
Local parties are registered with the Electoral Institute of each Mexican state according to their own criteria and regulations, which may differ from those of IFE. This list is complete as of 2006.
- State Party of Baja California (Partido Estatal de Baja California, Baja California)
- Social Encounter Party ("Partido Encuentro Social", Baja California)
- South Californian Movement of Political Renovation (Movimiento de Renovación Política Sudcaliforniana, Baja California Sur)
- Democratic Unity of Coahuila (Unidad Democrática de Coahuila, Coahuila)
- Cardenist Party of Coahuila (Partido Cardenista Coahuilense, Coahuila)
- Colima Democratic Association (Asociación Democrática de Colima, Colima)
- Party of Durango (Partido Duranguense, Durango)
- Alliance for Guerrero Party (Partido Alianza por Guerrero, Guerrero)
- Socialist Revolution Party (Partido de la Revolución Socialista, Nayarit)
- Popular Unity Party (Partido Unidad Popular, Oaxaca)
- Popular Conscience Party (Partido Conciencia Popular, San Luis Potosí)
- Democratic Center of Tlaxcala Party (Partido del Centro Democrático de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala)
- Revolutionary Party of Veracruz (Partido Revolucionario Veracruzano Veracruz)
- Alliance for Yucatan Party (Partido Alianza por Yucatán, Yucatán)
[edit] Former parties
During the 19th century the two most important parties were the Liberals (Liberales) and the Conservatives (Conservadores).
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
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