| # | Mayor | Term | Party | Notes |
| 1 | | John R. Williams | 1824 – 1825 | | wrote the City Charter |
| 2 | | Henry Jackson Hunt | 1826 | | uncle of Civil War General Henry Jackson Hunt |
| 3 | | Jonathan Kearsley | 1826 | | |
| 4 | | John Biddle | 1827 – 1828 | Anti-Jacksonian | resigned to serve as Michigan Territory delegate to the United States House of Representatives |
| 5 | | Jonathan Kearsley | 1829 | | second time as Mayor |
| 6 | | John R. Williams | 1830 | | second time as Mayor |
| 7 | | Marshall Chapin | 1831 | | |
| 8 | | Levi Cook | 1832 | | |
| 9 | | Charles Christopher Trowbridge | 1834 | Whig | resigned due to a cholera epidemic; later ran for Governor of Michigan |
| 10 | | Andrew Mack | 1834 | | |
| 11 | | Levi Cook | 1835 – 1836 | | second time as Mayor |
| 12 | | Henry Howard | 1837 | | |
| 13 |  | Augustus Seymour Porter | 1838 | Whig | resigned to serve as United States Senator for Michigan |
| 14 | | Asher B. Bates | 1838 | Whig | later served as Attorney General for the Kingdom of Hawaii |
| 15 | | De Garmo Jones | 1839 | | |
| 16 |  | Zina Pitcher | 1840 – 1841 | | |
| 17 |  | Douglass Houghton | 1842 | Democratic | noted geologist |
| 18 |  | Zina Pitcher | 1843 | | second time as Mayor |
| 19 | | John R. Williams | 1844 – 1847 | | third time as Mayor |
| 20 | | James A. VanDyke | 1847 | | |
| 21 | | Frederick Buhl | 1848 | | |
| 22 | | Charles D. Howard | 1849 – 1850 | | |
| 23 | | John Ladue | 1850 – 1851 | | |
| 24 |  | Zachariah Chandler | 1851 – 1852 | Whig | later served as United States Senator for Michigan and United States Secretary of the Interior |
| 25 | | John H. Harmon | 1852 – 1853 | | |
| 26 | | Oliver Moulton Hyde | 1854 – 1855 | | |
| 27 | | Henry Ledyard | 1855 – 1856 | | |
| 28 | | Oliver Moulton Hyde | 1856 – 1857 | | second time as Mayor |
| 29 | | John Patton | 1858 – 1859 | | |
| 30 | | Christian H. Buhl | 1860 – 1861 | | |
| 31 | | William C. Duncan | 1862 – 1863 | | |
| 32 | | Merrill I. Mills | 1866 – 1867 | | |
| 33 | | William W. Wheaton | 1868 – 1871 | | |
| 34 | | Hugh Moffat | 1872 – 1875 | | |
| 35 | | Alexander Lewis | 1876 – 1877 | | |
| 36 | | George C. Langdon | 1878 – 1879 | | |
| 37 | | William G. Thompson | 1880 – 1883 | Republican | |
| 38 | | Stephen Benedict Grummond | 1884 – 1885 | | |
| 39 | | M. H. Chamberlain | 1886 – 1887 | | |
| 40 | | John Pridgeon, Jr. | 1888 – 1889 | | |
| 41 |  | Hazen S. Pingree | 1890 – 1897 | Republican | resigned to serve as Governor of Michigan |
| 42 | | William Rickert | 1897 | | |
| 43 |  | William C. Maybury | 1897 – 1904 | Democratic | ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Michigan in 1900 |
| 44 | | George P. Codd | 1905 – 1906 | Republican | later served in the United States House of Representatives |
| 45 |  | William Barlum Thompson | 1907 – 1908 | | |
| 46 | | Philip Breitmeyer | 1909 – 1910 | | |
| 47 |  | William Barlum Thompson | 1911 – 1912 | | second time as Mayor |
| 48 | | Oscar Marx | 1913 – 1918 | Republican | |
| 49 |  | James J. Couzens | 1919 – 1922 | Republican | resigned to serve as United States Senator for Michigan |
| 50 | | John C. Lodge | 1922 – 1923 | | |
| 51 | | Frank Ellsworth Doremus | 1923 – 1924 | Democratic Party | previously served in the United States House of Representatives |
| 52 | | Joseph Martin | 1924 | | |
| 53 | | John C. Lodge | 1924 | | second time as Mayor |
| 54 | | John Smith | 1924 – 1927 | | |
| 55 | | John C. Lodge | 1927 – 1929 | | third time as Mayor |
| 56 | | Charles Bowles | 1930 | Democratic | recalled from office due to ties with the Ku Klux Klan |
| 57 |  | Frank Murphy | 1930 – 1933 | Democratic | later served as Gover-General of the Phillippines, Governor of Michigan, and Supreme Court Justice |
| 58 | | Frank Couzens | 1933 – January 4, 1938 | | |
| 59 | | Richard Reading | January 4, 1938 – January 2, 1940 | | |
| 60 | | Edward Jeffries | January 2, 1940 – January 6, 1948 | | |
| 61 | | Eugene Van Antwerp | January 6, 1948 – January 3, 1950 | | |
| 62 | | Albert Cobo | January 3, 1950 – September 12, 1957 | Republican | died in office |
| 63 | | Louis Miriani | September 12, 1957 – January 2, 1962 | Republican | |
| 64 | | Jerome Cavanagh | January 2, 1962 – January 6, 1970 | Democratic | later ran for Governor of Michigan |
| 65 | | Roman Gribbs | January 6, 1970 – January 1, 1974 | Democratic | |
| 66 |  | Coleman Young | January 1, 1974 – January 3, 1994 | Democratic | first African-American mayor; longest-serving mayor |
| 67 | | Dennis Archer | January 3, 1994 – January 4, 2002 | Democratic | |
| 68 |  | Kwame Kilpatrick | January 4, 2002 – September 18, 2008 | Democratic | resigned due to scandal and ensuing felony conviction |
| 69 |  | Kenneth Cockrel, Jr. | September 18, 2008 – May 11, 2009 | Democratic | |
| 70 |  | Dave Bing | May 11, 2009 – present | Democratic | |