Peerages and baronetages

of the British Isles

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This page lists all dukedoms, extant, extinct, dormant, abeyant, or forfeit, in the peerages of England, Scotland, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom. See also list of Marquessates, list of Earldoms, list of viscountcies, and list of baronies.

Contents 1 Introduction of Dukedoms into England 2 Dukedoms in the Peerage of England, 1337–1707 3 Dukedoms in the Peerage of Scotland, 1398–1707 4 Dukedoms in the Peerage of Great Britain, 1707–1801 5 Dukedoms in the Peerage of Ireland, 1661–1868 6 Dukedoms in the Peerages of the United Kingdom, from 1801 to present 7 See also

[edit] Introduction of Dukedoms into England

Edward III of England created the first three dukedoms of England (Cornwall, Lancaster and Clarence). His eldest son Edward was created Duke of Cornwall, the first English Duke, in 1337. Two weeks after his death the dukedom was recreated for the 9 year old Richard II who would eventually succeed his grandfather. The Dukes of Cornwall are not numbered as part of their style.

The second dukedom was originally was given to Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, but upon his death was re-created for the 3rd son of Edward III, John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster. On that same day Edward III also created a dukedom for his second son, Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence. When Richard II reached majority, he created dukedoms for his last two uncles on the same day: Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, and Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester.

By the end of the Middle Ages, traditionally marked by the Battle of Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485, a total of 31 dukedoms (with 16 distinct titles) had been created; yet only those of Cornwall and Lancaster remained. The duchy of Cornwall was permanently associated with the heir apparent, and the duchy of Lancaster became crown property.

The first Duke of Norfolk had died in the battle of Bosworth Field in 1485. Three decades later the Dukedom of Norfolk was restored to his son by Henry VIII. Thus when Elizabeth I came to power the only living duke was Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk. Elizabeth did not create any dukes, and she beheaded Thomas Howard at the age of 36 for plotting to wed Mary, Queen of Scots and overthrow her. There were no Dukes for the last 30 years of her reign. The extant Dukedoms in the Peerage of England were all created (or restored, in the cases of Norfolk and Somerset) in the Stuart period.

[edit] Dukedoms in the Peerage of England, 1337–1707

Title	Date of creation	Surname	Current status	Notes
Duke of Cornwall	9 February 1337	Plantagenet (originally)	extant	held by the eldest son of the monarch who is also heir-apparent to the throne
Duke of Lancaster	6 March 1351	Plantagenet	extinct 13 March 1361
Duke of Clarence	13 November 1362	Plantagenet	extinct 17 October 1368
Duke of Lancaster	13 November 1362	Plantagenet	merged in crown 30 September 1399
Duke of Cornwall	20 November 1376	Plantagenet	merged in crown 22 June 1377	distinct from the 1337 creation, as the holder was not the eldest son of the monarch
Duke of York	6 August 1385	Plantagenet	merged in crown 4 March 1461	forfeit November 1459–7 October 1460
Duke of Gloucester	6 August 1385	Plantagenet	forfeit 8 September 1397
Duke of Ireland	13 October 1386	Vere	forfeit 3 February 1388
Duke of Hereford	29 September 1397	Plantagenet	merged in crown 30 September 1399
Duke of Aumale	29 September 1397	Plantagenet	deprived of title 3 November 1399	also Earl of Rutland from 1390 and Duke of York from 1402
Duke of Exeter	29 September 1397	Holland	deprived of title 1399
Duke of Surrey	29 September 1397	Holland	forfeit 1399
Duke of Norfolk	29 September 1397	Mowbray	extinct 17 January 1476	title not in use 1399 to 1425
Duchess of Norfolk	29 September 1397	Mowbray	extinct 24 March 1400	for life only
Duke of Lancaster	10 November 1399	Plantagenet	merged in crown 20 March 1413	also Duke of Cornwall
Duke of Clarence	2 July 1412	Plantagenet	extinct 22 March 1421
Duke of Bedford	16 May 1414	Plantagenet	extinct 14 September 1435
Duke of Gloucester	16 May 1414	Plantagenet	extinct 28 February 1447
Duke of Exeter	18 November 1416	Beaufort	extinct 30 December 1426
Duke of Exeter	6 January 1443	Holland	forfeit 4 November 1461
Duke of Somerset	28 August 1443	Beaufort	extinct 27 May 1444
Duke of Buckingham	14 September 1444	Stafford	forfeit 17 May 1521	also forfeit 2 November 1483–November 1485
Duke of Warwick	5 April 1445	Beauchamp	extinct 11 June 1446
Duke of Somerset	31 March 1448	Beaufort	forfeit 3 April 1464	also forfeit 1461–1463
Duke of Suffolk	2 July 1448	de la Pole	surrendered 26 February 1493
Duke of Clarence	June 1461	Plantagenet	forfeit 18 February 1478
Duke of Gloucester	1461	Plantagenet	merged in crown 22 June 1483
Duke of Bedford	5 January 1470	Nevill	deprived of title 1478
Duke of York	28 May 1474	Plantagenet	extinct 1483	also Duke of Norfolk from 1477
Duke of Norfolk	12 June 1477	Plantagenet	extinct 1483	also Duke of York
Duke of Norfolk	28 June 1483	Howard, Fitzalan-Howard	extant	title forfeit 22 August 1485–1 February 1514, 27 January 1547–October 1553, 2 June 1572–September 1660
Duke of Bedford	27 October 1485	Tudor	extinct 21 December 1495
Duke of York	31 October 1494	Tudor	merged in crown 21 April 1509	also Duke of Cornwall from 1502
Duke of Somerset	24 February 1499	Tudor	extinct 19 June 1500
Duke of Suffolk	1 February 1514	Brandon	extinct 14 July 1551
Duke of Richmond and Somerset	18 June 1525	Fitzroy	extinct 22 July 1536
Duke of Somerset	16 February 1547	Seymour	extant	forfeit 22 January 1552–13 September 1660
Duke of Northumberland	11 October 1551	Dudley	forfeit 22 August 1553
Duke of Suffolk	11 October 1551	Grey	forfeit 23 February 1554
Duke of York	6 January 1605	Stewart	merged in crown 27 March 1625	also Duke of Albany in Scotland and Duke of Cornwall from 1612
Duke of Richmond	17 May 1623	Stuart	extinct 16 February 1624
Duke of Buckingham	18 May 1623	Villiers	extinct 16 April 1687
Duke of Richmond	8 August 1641	Stuart	extinct 12 December 1672
Duke of Cumberland	24 January 1644	Wittelsbach	extinct 29 November 1682
Duke of York	27 January 1644	Stewart	merged in crown 6 February 1685
Duke of Gloucester	13 May 1659	Stewart	extinct 13 September 1660
Duke of Albemarle	7 July 1660	Monck	extinct 6 October 1688
Duke of Monmouth	14 February 1663	Scott	forfeit 15 July 1685
Duke of Cambridge	23 August 1664	Stewart	extinct 20 June 1667
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne	16 March 1665	Cavendish	extinct 26 July 1691
Duke of Cambridge	7 October 1667	Stewart	extinct 8 June 1671
Duke of Cleveland	3 August 1670	Villiers, Fitzroy	extinct 18 May 1774	also Duke of Southampton from 1709
Duchess of Portsmouth	19 August 1673	Penancoët de Kérouaille	extinct 14 November 1734
Duke of Richmond	9 August 1675	Lennox	extant	also Duke of Gordon in the United Kingdom from 1876 and Duke of Lennox in Scotland
Duke of Southampton	10 September 1675	Fitzroy	extinct 18 May 1774	also Duke of Cleveland from 1709
Duke of Grafton	11 September 1675	Fitzroy	extant
Duke of Ormonde	9 November 1682	Butler	forfeit 20 August 1715	also Duke of Ormonde in Ireland
Duke of Beaufort	2 December 1682	Somerset	extant
Duke of Northumberland	6 April 1683	Fitzroy	extinct 3 July 1716
Duke of St Albans	10 January 1684	Beauclerk	extant
Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed	19 March 1687	Fitzjames	unclear	it was long thought that the title was forfeit sometime around 1695, but there is no evidence of an attainder. If there was not one, the title is extant
Duke of Cumberland	9 April 1689	Oldenburg	extinct 28 October 1708
Duke of Bolton	9 April 1689	Paulet	extinct 25 December 1794
Duke of Schomberg	10 April 1689	Schomberg	extinct 5 July 1719	also Duke of Leinster in Ireland from 1691
Duke of Shrewsbury	30 April 1694	Talbot	extinct 1 February 1718
Duke of Leeds	4 May 1694	Osborne	extinct 20 March 1964
Duke of Bedford	11 May 1694	Russell	extant
Duke of Devonshire	12 May 1694	Cavendish	extant
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne	14 May 1694	Holles	extinct 15 July 1711
Duke of Marlborough	14 December 1702	Churchill	extant
Duke of Buckingham and Normanby	23 March 1703	Sheffield	extinct 30 October 1735
Duke of Rutland	29 March 1703	Manners	extant
Duke of Montagu	14 April 1705	Montagu	extinct 16 July 1749
Duke of Cambridge	9 November 1706	Guelph	merged in crown 11 June 1727	also Duke of Cornwall from 1714

[edit] Dukedoms in the Peerage of Scotland, 1398–1707

Title	Date of Creation	Surname	Current Status	Notes
Duke of Rothesay	28 April 1398	Stewart	extant	held by eldest son of the monarch who is also heir-apparent; thus also Duke of Cornwall since 1603
Duke of Albany	28 April 1398	Stewart	forfeit 24 May 1425
Duke of Albany	abt 1457	Stewart	extinct 2 June 1536	forfeit 1479-1482, 1483-1514
Duke of Ross	29 January 1488	Stewart	extinct 17 January 1504
Duke of Montrose	18 May 1488	Lindsay	extinct December 1495	deprived of title 1488-1489, title for life from 1489
Duke of Ross	1514	Stewart	extinct 18 December 1515
Duke of Albany	1541	Stewart	extinct 1541
Duke of Albany	20 July 1565	Stewart	merged in crown 24 July 1567
Duke of Orkney	12 May 1567	Hepburn	forfeit 29 December 1567
Duke of Lennox	5 August 1581	Stuart	extinct 12 December 1672	also Duke of Richmond in England from 1623 until 1624 and from 1641; sat in the English House of Lords as Earl of Richmond 1613-1623 and as Earl of March 1624-1641
Duke of Albany	23 December 1600	Stewart	merged in crown 27 March 1625	also Duke of York in England from 1605 and Duke of Rothesay from 1612
Duke of Kintyre and Lorne	1602	Stewart	extinct 1602
Duke of Hamilton	12 April 1643	Hamilton	extant	also Duke of Brandon in Great Britain from 1711; sat in the English House of Lords as Earl of Cambridge in the Peerage of England 1643-1651 and in the British House of Lords as Duke of Brandon in the Peerage of Great Britain 1782-1963
Duke of Hamilton	20 September 1660	Hamilton (Douglas)	extinct 18 April 1694	for life only; husband of the suo jure Duchess of Hamilton
Duke of Albany	31 December 1660	Stewart	merged in crown 6 February 1685	also Duke of York in England
Duke of Buccleuch	20 April 1663	Scott	forfeit 15 July 1685	also Duke of Monmouth in England
Duke of Buccleuch	20 April 1663	Scott, Montagu-Douglas-Scott	extant	also Duke of Queensberry from 1810; sat in the House of Lords as Earl of Doncaster in the Peerage of England 1743-1963
Duke of Lauderdale	1 May 1672	Maitland	extinct 24 August 1682
Duke of Lennox	9 September 1675	Lennox	extant	also Duke of Gordon in the United Kingdom from 1876 and Duke of Richmond in England
Duke of Rothes	29 May 1680	Leslie	extinct 27 July 1681
Duke of Gordon	3 November 1684	Gordon	extinct 28 May 1836	sat in the House of Lords as Earl of Norwich in the Peerage of Great Britain 1784-1836
Duke of Queensberry	3 November 1684	Douglas, Montagu-Douglas Scott	extant	also Duke of Dover in Great Britain from 1708 until 1778 and Duke of Buccleuch from 1810
Duke of Argyll	23 June 1701	Campbell	extant	also Duke of Greenwich in Great Britain from 1718 until 1743 and Duke of Argyll in the United Kingdom from 1892; sat in the House of Lords as Earl of Greenwich 1705-1743, and as Baron Sundridge 1782-1892
Duke of Douglas	10 April 1703	Douglas	extinct 21 July 1761	created for the Marquess of Douglas
Duke of Atholl	30 June 1703	Murray	extant	sat in the House of Lords as Earl Strange 1786-1957
Duke of Montrose	24 April 1707	Graham	extant	sat in the House of Lords as Earl Graham 1782-1963
Duke of Roxburghe	25 April 1707	Ker	extant	dormant 22 October 1805–11 May 1812; Sat in the House of Lords as Earl Ker 1782-1804 and as Earl Innes 1837-1963

[edit] Dukedoms in the Peerage of Great Britain, 1707–1801

Title	Date of Creation	Surname	Current Status	Notes
Duke of Dover	26 May 1708	Douglas	extinct 22 October 1778	also Duke of Queensberry in Scotland
Duke of Kent	28 April 1710	Grey	extinct 5 June 1740
Duke of Brandon	10 September 1711	Douglas	extant	also Duke of Hamilton in Scotland
Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven	26 July 1715	Bertie	extinct 8 February 1809
Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull	10 August 1715	Pierrepont	extinct 23 September 1773
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne	11 August 1715	Pelham-Holles	extinct 17 November 1768	also Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne from 1757
Duke of York and Albany	5 July 1716	Guelph	extinct 14 August 1728
Duke of Portland	6 July 1716	Bentinck	extinct 30 July 1990
Duke of Wharton	28 January 1718	Wharton	extinct 31 May 1731
Duchess of Kendal	19 March 1719	Schulenburg	extinct 10 May 1743	also Duchess of Munster in Ireland, peerage for life only
Duke of Greenwich	27 April 1719	Campbell	extinct 4 October 1743	also Duke of Argyll in Scotland
Duke of Manchester	28 April 1719	Montagu	extant
Duke of Chandos	29 April 1719	Brydges	extinct 29 September 1789
Duke of Dorset	17 June 1720	Sackville	extinct 29 July 1843
Duke of Bridgewater	18 June 1720	Egerton	extinct 8 March 1803
Duke of Edinburgh	26 July 1726	Guelph	merged in crown 25 October 1760	also Duke of Cornwall from 1727 to 1751
Duke of Cumberland	27 July 1726	Guelph	extinct 31 October 1765
Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne	17 November 1756	Pelham-Holles	extinct 25 December 1988	also Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne until 1768
Duke of York and Albany	1 April 1760	Guelph	extinct 17 September 1767
Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh	19 November 1764	Guelph	extinct 30 November 1834
Duke of Northumberland	22 October 1766	Percy	extant
Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn	22 October 1766	Guelph	extinct 18 September 1790
Duke of Montagu	5 November 1766	Montagu	extinct 23 May 1790
Duke of York and Albany	29 November 1784	Guelph	extinct 5 January 1827
Duke of Clarence and St Andrews	20 May 1789	Guelph	merged in crown 26 June 1830
Duke of Kent and Strathearn	24 April 1799	Guelph	extinct 23 January 1820
Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale	24 April 1799	Guelph	suspended 28 March 1919

[edit] Dukedoms in the Peerage of Ireland, 1661–1868

Title	Date of Creation	Surname	Current Status	Notes
Duke of Ormonde	30 March 1661	Butler	extinct 17 December 1758	also Duke of Ormonde in England until 1715; the title was generally considered forfeit after 1715, and the third duke, brother of the attainted second duke, who held the title after 1745, did not use it.
Duke of Leinster	3 March 1691	Schomberg	extinct 16 July 1719	also Duke of Schomberg in England from 1693
Duchess of Munster	18 July 1716	Schulenberg	extinct 10 May 1743	also Duchess of Kendal in Great Britain from 1719, peerage for life only
Duke of Leinster	26 November 1766	FitzGerald	extant	sat in the British House of Lords as Viscount Leinster 1747-1999
Duke of Abercorn	10 August 1868	Hamilton	extant	sat in the House of Lords as Marquess of Abercorn 1868-1999

[edit] Dukedoms in the Peerages of the United Kingdom, from 1801 to present

Title	Date of Creation	Surname	Current Status	Notes
Duke of Sussex	27 November 1801	Guelph	extinct 21 April 1843
Duke of Cambridge	27 November 1801	Guelph	extinct 17 March 1904
Duke of Wellington	11 May 1814	Wellesley	extant
Duke of Buckingham and Chandos	4 February 1822	Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville	extinct 26 March 1889
Duke of Sutherland	28 January 1833	Leveson-Gower Sutherland-Leveson-Gower Egerton	extant
Duke of Cleveland	29 January 1833	Vane Powlett	extinct 21 August 1891
Duchess of Inverness	10 April 1840	Underwood	extinct 1 August 1873
Duke of Edinburgh	24 May 1866	von Wettin	extinct 30 July 1900
Duke of Westminster	27 February 1874	Grosvenor	extant
Duke of Connaught and Strathearn	24 May 1874	von Wettin	extinct 26 April 1943
Duke of Gordon	13 January 1876	Gordon Lennox	extant	also Duke of Richmond in England and Duke of Lennox in Scotland
Duke of Albany	24 May 1881	von Wettin	suspended 28 March 1919
Duke of Fife	29 July 1889	Duff	extinct 29 January 1912	Letters Patent contained the standard remainder "heirs male of his body". A re-creation in 1900 allowed the first Duke's daughter to inherit (see below)
Duke of Clarence and Avondale	24 May 1890	von Wettin	extinct 14 January 1892
Duke of Argyll	7 April 1892	Campbell	extant	also Duke of Argyll in Scotland
Duke of York	24 May 1892	von Wettin	merged in crown 6 May 1910	also Duke of Cornwall from 1901
Duke of Fife	24 April 1900	Duff Carnegie	extant
Duke of York	5 June 1920	Windsor	merged in crown 11 December 1936
Duke of Gloucester	31 March 1928	Windsor	extant
Duke of Kent	12 October 1934	Windsor	extant
Duke of Windsor	8 March 1937	Windsor	extinct 28 May 1972
Duke of Edinburgh	20 November 1947	Mountbatten	extant
Duke of York	23 July 1986	Mountbatten-Windsor	extant

[edit] See also

• List of dukes in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
• List of dukedoms by reign