Contents 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E 6 F 7 G 8 H 9 I 10 K 11 L 12 M 13 N 14 O 15 P 16 R 17 S 18 T 19 U 20 V 21 X 22 Y 23 Z 24 Notes and References 25 See also

[edit] A

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Actinium	Ac	Greek	ἀκτίς (aktis)	beam	descriptive	"ἀκτίς" etymology: "ἀκτῖνος" (aktis; aktinos), meaning "beam (ray)".
Aluminium	Al	Latin	alumen	alum		means "alum".	Alum Crystal.
Americium	Am		America		toponym	Named for the Americas, because was discovered in the United States (by analogy with Europium)- (the name of the continent "America" is derived from the name of the Italian navigator Amerigo Vespucci).	The Americas
Antimony	Sb	Greek?	ἀντί + μόνος (anti monos)?	various		" Possibly from Greek ἀντί + μόνος (anti monos), approximately meaning "opposed to solitude", as believed never to exist in pure form, or anti-monachos, (the French antimoine, still has adherents) for "monk-killer", because many early alchemists were monks and antimony is poisonous. May also be derived from the Pharaonic (Ancient Egypt), Antos Ammon (expression), which could be translated as "bloom of the god Ammo". The symbol Sb is from Latin name Stibium. The word derived from Greek στίμμι (stimmi; genitive: στίμμεος), probably a loan word from Arabic or Egyptian. Littré suggests the first form derives from stimmida, an accusative of stimmi. The Arabic word for the substance, as "mark" or "the cosmetic", can appear as ithmid, athmoud, othmod or uthmod.[1]"
Argon	Ar	Greek	ἀργόν (argon)	inactive	descriptive	means "inactive" (literally "lazy").
Arsenic	As	Greek			descriptive	ἀρσένικον (arsenikon), derived from the Persian, "زرنيخ" (zarnik), "yellow orpiment".
Astatine	At	Greek	ἄστατος (astatos)	unstable	descriptive	"ἄστατος" (astatos) means "unstable".[2]

[edit] B

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Barium	Ba	Greek	βαρύς (barys)	heavy	descriptive	"βαρύς" (barys) means "heavy". The oxide was initially called "barote", then "baryta", which was modified to "barium" to describe the metal.
Berkelium	Bk	English	University of California, Berkeley		toponym	Named for the "University of California, Berkeley", where discovered.
Beryllium	Be		βήρυλλος (beryllos)			βήρυλλος "beryllos", denoting beryl, which contains beryllium.[3]
Bismuth	Bi	Modern Latin	bisemutum		descriptive	"bisemutum", derived from German "Wismuth", perhaps from "weiße Masse", means "white mass", due to its appearance.
Bohrium	Bh		Bohr, Niels		eponym	Named in honor of "Niels Bohr", who made fundamental understanding of atomic structure and quantum mechanics.[4]
Boron	B	Arabic	لاعقشا(buraq)			"لاعقشا" (buraq) derived from the Persian, "بورون" (burah) referring to borax.
Bromine	Br	Greek	βρῶμος (brómos)		descriptive	"βρῶμος" (brómos), means "stench", due to its characteristic smell.

[edit] C

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Cadmium	Cd	Greek/Latin	καδμεία (cadmia)			From Latin "cadmia", derived from Greek "καδμεία" (kadmeia), means "calamine", a Cadmium-bearing mixture of minerals.
Caesium	Cs	Latin	caesius		descriptive	From Latin "caesius", means "sky blue". Its identification was based upon the bright blue lines in its spectrum and it was the first element discovered by spectrum analysis.
Calcium	Ca	Latin	calx			From Latin "calx", means "lime". Calcium was known as early as the first century when the Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide.
Californium	Cf	English	California		toponym	Named for "California", the U.S. state of California and for the University of California, Berkeley. (The origin of the state's name is disputed.)
Carbon	C	Latin	charbone	charcoal		From the French, "charbone", which in turn came from Latin "carbo", means "charcoal". (In the German and the Dutch, Kohlenstoff and Koolstof, respectively, both literally mean "coal-stuff")
Cerium	Ce	Latin	Ceres		astrological/ mythological	Named after the asteroid, "Ceres", discovered two years earlier. (The asteroid, now classified as a dwarf planet, was named after "Ceres", the goddess of fertility in mythology) [5]
Chlorine	Cl	Greek	χλωρός (chlorós)			From Greek "χλωρός" (chlorós), means "yellowish green" or "greenish yellow", because of the color of the gas.
Chromium	Cr	Greek	χρῶμα (chróma)	color	descriptive	From Greek, chroma, "color", because of many colors of compounds.
Cobalt	Co	German	Kobold	evil spirit		From German Kobold, means "evil spirit", the metal being so called by miners, because it was poisonous and troublesome (polluted and degraded the other mined elements, like Nickel). Other sources cite the origin as stemming from silver miners' belief that cobalt had been placed by "Kobolds" who had stolen the silver. Some also think the name may be derive from Greek κόβαλος kobalos, means "mine", and which may have common roots with kobold, goblin, and cobalt.
Copper	Cu	Greek?	Κύπριος (Kyprios)?	who/which is from Cyprus		Possibly ultimately derived from Greek via Latin and Old English. In Latin (during the Roman empire), aes cyprium, ("aes" being the generic Latin term for copper alloys such as bronze). Cyprium means "Cyprus" or "which is from Cyprus", where so much of it was mined; it was simplified to cuprum and then eventually Anglicized as copper (Old English coper/copor).
Curium	Cm		Curie, Marie and Pierre		eponym	Named in honor of Marie and Pierre Curie, who discovered Radium and researched radioactivity.

[edit] D

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Darmstadtium	Ds	German	Darmstadt		toponym	Named for "Darmstadt", where discovered (GSI, located in Wixhausen, a small suburb north of Darmstadt). It has also been called 'Eka-platinum.[6][7]
Dubnium	Db		Дубна (Dubna)		toponym	Named for "Dubna", where discovered (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, U.S.S.R.). Researchers of Berkeley proposed Hahnium (Ha), named in honor of Otto Hahn, who pioneered to radioactivity and radiochemistry, but the proposal was rejected.[4]
Dysprosium	Dy	Greek	δυσπρόσιτος (dysprositos)	hard to get at	descriptive	Derived from Greek "δυσπρόσιτος" (dysprositos), means "hard to get at".

[edit] E

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Einsteinium	Es	German	Einstein, Albert		eponym	Named in honor of Albert Einstein, for his work on theoretical physics including the photoelectric effect.
Erbium	Er		Ytterby		toponym	Named after the village of Ytterby in Sweden, where large concentrations of Yttria and Erbium are located. Erbia and Terbia were confused in at this time. After 1860, what had been known as Terbia was renamed Erbia, and after 1877, what had been known as Erbia was renamed Terbia.
Europium	Eu		Europe		toponym	Named for Europe, the continent where discovered.

[edit] F

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Fermium	Fm		Fermi, Enrico		eponym	Named in honor of "Enrico Fermi", who developed the first nuclear reactor, quantum theory, nuclear and particle physics, and statistical mechanics.
Fluorine	F	Latin				From the "Fluorspar", one of its compounds.
Francium	Fr		France		toponym	Named for "France", where discovered (Curie Institute (Paris)).

[edit] G

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Gadolinium	Gd		Gadolin, Johan		eponym	Named in honor of Johan Gadolin, who was one of the founders of Nordic chemistry research, discovered Yttrium, and pioneered laboratory exercise teaching. (Gadolinite, the mineral, is also named for him.)
Gallium	Ga	Latin	Gallia	Gaul (Ancient France)	toponym	" From Latin Gallia, means Gaul (Ancient France), and also gallus, means "rooster". The element was obtained as free metal by Lecoq de Boisbaudran, who named Gallium after France, his native land, and also, punningly, after himself, as Lecoq, means "the rooster", or in Latin, gallus. Gallium was called Eka-aluminium by Mendeleev who predicted its existence.[7]
Germanium	Ge	Latin	Germani	Germany	toponym	From Latin "Germania", means "Germany". Germanium has also been called Eka-silicon by Mendeleev.[7]
Gold	Au	Anglo-Saxon	gold			From the Anglo-Saxon, "gold", from PIE "*ghel" meaning "yellow/ bright" Au is from Latin Aurum, means "shining dawn".[8]

[edit] H

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Hafnium	Hf	Latin	Hafnia	Copenhagen	toponym	From Latin "Hafnia", means "Copenhagen" of Denmark.
Hassium	Hs	German	Hassia	Hesse	toponym	Named derived from Latin "Hassia", means Hesse, the German state where discovered (Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Darmstadt).[4] It has also been called 'Eka-osmium.[7]
Helium	He	Greek	ἥλιος (hélios)	sun	mythological	Named after the Greek, "ἥλιος" (Helios), means "Sun" and also "the god of Sun on mythology.[5]
Holmium	Ho	Latin	Holmia	Stockholm	toponym	Named derived from Latin "Holmia", means Stockholm.
Hydrogen	H	Latin	ὕδωρ (root: ὑδρ-) + -γενῆς	water + begetter	descriptive	From Latin "hydor -genes", derived from the Ancient Greek, "ὕδωρ γείνομαι" (hydor geinomai), meaning "to beget water".

[edit] I

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Indium	In		indigo		descriptive	Named after "indigo", because of indigo spectrum line.
Iodine	I	Greek	ἰώδες (iodes)	violet	descriptive	Named after the Greek, "ἰώδες" (iodes), means "violet", because of the color of the gas.
Iridium	Ir	Greek	ἴρις (genitive: ἴριδος; Latin iris)	of rainbows	descriptive	Named after the Latin noun "iris", means "rainbow, iris plant, iris of the eye", because many of salts are strongly colored; "Iris" was originally the name of the goddess of rainbows and a messenger in Greek mythology.[5]
Iron	Fe		īsern		Anglo-Saxon	From the Anglo-Saxon īsern which in its turn may derive from the Etruscan, aisar, meaning "the god(s)", because the earliest iron to be worked (by the Sumerians and Egyptians, around 4000 BC) was obtained from meteorites, and meteorites fall from the sky.[9] The symbol Fe is from Latin ferrum, meaning "iron".

[edit] K

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Krypton	Kr	Greek	κρυπτός (kryptos)	hidden	descriptive	From Greek "κρυπτός" (kryptos), means "hidden one", because it's a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas (like other noble gases).

[edit] L

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Lanthanum	La	Greek	λανθάνειν (lanthanein)	to lie hidden		From Greek lanthanein, "to lie (hidden)".
Lawrencium	Lr		Lawrence, Ernest O		eponym	Named in honor of "Ernest O. Lawrence", who was involved in the development of the cyclotron. The symbol is Lr since 1963; formerly Lw was used. Unniltrium was used as a temporary systematic element name.[4]
Lead	Pb					The symbol Pb is from Latin name, Plumbum, hence the English, "plumbing".[5][10]
Lithium	Li	Greek	λίθος (lithos)	stone		From Greek "λίθος" (lithos) "stone", because it was discovered from a mineral while other common alkali metals (sodium and potassium) were discovered from plant tissue.
Lutetium	Lu	Latin	Lutetia	Paris	toponym	Named after the Latin, Lutetia, the city of "Paris".[4]

[edit] M

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Magnesium	Mg	Greek	Μαγνησία (Magnesia)		toponym	From the Ancient Greek, "Μαγνήσια" (Magnesia) (district in Thessaly), where discovered.	Magnesia
Manganese	Mn	Greek	Μαγνησία (Magnesia; Latin: magnetum)	Magnesia	descriptive	From Latin Magnesia ultimately from Greek; Magnesia evolved into Manganese in Italian and into Manganèse in French.
Meitnerium	Mt		Meitner, Lise		eponym	Named in honor of Lise Meitner, who shared discovery of nuclear fission.[4] It has also been called 'Eka-iridium.[7]	Lise Meitner
Mendelevium	Md		Mendeleyev, Dmitri		eponym	Named in honor of Dmitri Mendeleyev, who invented periodic table.[11] It has also been called 'Eka-thulium.[7]	Mendeleyev
Mercury	Hg	Latin	Mercury		mythological	Named after "Mercury", the god of speed and messenger of the Gods, as was the "planet Mercury" named after the god. The symbol Hg is from Greek name, ὕδωρ αργυρος (hydor argyros), which became Latin, Hydrargyrum; both mean "water - silver", because it is a liquid like water (at room temperature), and has silvery metallic sheen.[5][12]	Mercury
Molybdenum	Mo	Greek	μόλυβδος (molybdos)	lead-like	descriptive	From Greek "μόλυβδος" (molybdos), "lead".

[edit] N

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Neodymium	Nd	Greek	νέος διδύμος (neos didymos)	new twin	descriptive	Derived from Greek "νέος διδύμος" (neos didymos), means "new twin", because Didymium separated into Praseodymium and Neodymium, when they gave salts of different colors.[13]
Neon	Ne	Greek	νέος (neos)	new twin		From Greek "νέος" (neos) "new".
Neptunium	Np	Latin			mythological	Named for "Neptune", the planet. (The planet was named after "Neptune", the god of oceans in mythology) [5]
Nickel	Ni	Swedish	Kupfernickel	copper-coloured ore	descriptive	From the Swedish, Kupfernickel, meaning "copper-colored ore"; this referred to the ore niccolite from which it was obtained.[14]
Niobium	Nb	Greek	Νιόβη (Niobe)		mythological	Named after "Niobe", daughter of Tantalus in Classical mythology.[4][5]
Nitrogen	N	Greek	νίτρον (Latin: nitrum) -γενῆς (-genes)	native-soda begetter	descriptive	From Latin "nitrum -genes", derived from Greek "νίτρον γείνομαι" (nitron geinomai), meaning "native-soda (niter) forming/begetting".[15]
Nobelium	No		Nobel, Alfred		eponym	Named in honor of Alfred Nobel, who invented dynamite and instituted the Nobel Prizes foundation.

[edit] O

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Osmium	Os	Greek	ὀσμή (osme)	a smell	descriptive	From Greek "ὀσμή" (osme), means "a smell".
Oxygen	O	Greek	ὀξύ γείνομαι (oxy geinomai)	to bring forth acid		From Greek "ὀξύ γείνομαι" (oxy geinomai), meaning "to bring forth acid", as it was believed to be an essential component of acids.

[edit] P

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Palladium	Pd	Greek	Παλλάς (genitive: Παλλάδος; Pallas)		astrological/ mythological	Named after "Pallas", the asteroid discovered two years earlier. (The asteroid was named after "Pallas Athena", goddess of wisdom and victory.)[5]
Phosphorus	P	Greek	φῶς + -φόρος (phos + -phoros)	light-bearer	descriptive	From Greek φῶς + -φόρος (phos + -phoros), means "light bearer", because "White Phosphorus" emits a faint glow upon exposure to oxygen The word "phosphorus" was ancient name for the "Venus" (the planet as Hesperus (Morning Star).[5]
Platinum	Pt	Spanish	platina	little silver		From the Spanish, "platina", means "little silver", because it was first encountered in Silver mine.
Plutonium	Pu		Pluto		astrological/mythological	Named after "Pluto", the dwarf planet, because it was discovered directly after Neptunium and is higher than Uranium on periodic table, so by analogy with the ordering of the planets. (The planet Pluto was named after "Pluto", a Roman god of the dead) [5]
Polonium	Po	Latin	Polonia	Poland	toponym	Named after "Poland", homeland of discoverer Marie Curie. Was also called Radium F.
Potassium	K	English	potash	pot-ash		From the English, "potash", means "pot-ash" (Potassium compound prepared from an alkali extracted in a pot from the ash of burnt wood or tree leaves). The symbol K is from Latin name, Kalium, from Arabic "القلي" (al qalīy), meaning "calcined ashes".
Praseodymium	Pr	Greek	πράσιος δίδυμος (prasios didymos)	green twin	descriptive	From Greek "πράσιος δίδυμος" (prasios didymos), meaning "green twin", because didymium separated into Praseodymium and neodymium, with salts of different colors.
Promethium	Pm		Prometheus		mythological	Named after "Prometheus", who stole the fire of heaven and gave it to mankind (in Classical mythology).[5]
Protactinium	Pa	Greek	πρῶτος + ἀκτίς	first beam element	descriptive?	Derived from former name Protoactinium, from the Greek prefix proto- "first" + Neolatin "actinium" from Greek ἀκτίς (gen.: ἀκτῖνος) "ray" + Latin -ium.[16]

[edit] R

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Radium	Ra	Latin	radius	ray	descriptive	From Latin radius meaning "ray", because of its radioactivity.
Radon	Rn		Radium			Named after "Radium", because of the Radium emanation that produce Radon. An alternative, rejected name was Niton (Nt), from Latin nitens "shining".
Rhenium	Re	Latin	Rhenus	Rhine	toponym	From Latin Rhenus, the river Rhine.
Rhodium	Rh	Greek	ῥόδον (rhodon)	rose		From Greek "ῥόδον" (rhodon), means "rose".
Roentgenium	Rg		Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad		eponym	Named in honour of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, who produced and detected x-rays. It has also been called Eka-gold.[7]
Rubidium	Rb	Latin	rubidus	deepest red	descriptive	From Latin "rubidus", means "deepest red", because of color in spectroscope.
Ruthenium	Ru	Latin	Ruthenia	Russia	toponym	From Latin "Ruthenia", means "Russia".
Rutherfordium	Rf		Rutherford, Ernest		eponym	Named in honor of Baron Ernest Rutherford, who pioneered the Bohr model of the atom. Rutherfordium has also been called Kurchatovium (Ku), named in honor of Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov, who shared discovered fundamental understanding of the Uranium chain reaction and the nuclear reactor.[4]

[edit] S

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Samarium	Sm		Samarsky-Bykhovets, Vasili		eponym	Named after "Samarskite", the mineral. ("Samarskite" was named after "Colonel Vasili Samarsky-Bykhovets", a Russian mine official.)
Scandium	Sc		Scandia	Scandinavia	toponym	Named from Latin "Scandia", means "Scandinavia"; formerly Eka-boron.[7]
Seaborgium	Sg		Seaborg, Glenn T		eponym	Named in honor of "Glenn T. Seaborg", who discovered the chemistry of the transuranium elements, shared discovered and isolated 10 elements, developed and proposed the actinide series. Other names: Eka-tungsten[7] and temporarily by IUPAC Unnilhexium (Unh)[4].
Selenium	Se	Greek	σελήνη (seléne)	moon	astrological/ mythological	From Greek, "σελήνη" (selene), means "Moon", and also moon-goddess Selene.[5]
Silicon	Si	Latin	silex, -icis	flint	descriptive	From Latin "silex" or "silicis", means "flint", a kind of stone.
Silver	Ag	Anglo-Saxon	seolfor			From the Anglo-Saxon, "seolfor"; compare Old High German "silabar". The symbol Ag is possibly from Latin name Argentum
Sodium	Na	English	soda			From the English, "soda", used in names for Sodium compounds such as caustic soda, soda ash, and baking soda. The symbol Na is from Modern Latin noun natrium, derived from Greek "νίτρον" (nítron), "natural soda, a kind of salt" + Latin -ium.[17]
Strontium	Sr		Strontian		toponym	Named after "Strontianite", the mineral. ("Strontianite" was named after "the town of Strontian", the source of the mineral in Scotland.)
Sulfur	S	Arabic	صفرا (sufra)	yellow	descriptive	Almost certainly from Arabic "صفرا" (sufra), "yellow", the bright color of the naturally occurring form. The word passed into Sanskrit, "गन्धक" (sulvere or sulvari), the Latin, "sulpur", the English, "sulphur" or "sulfur", and also was commonly referred as "brimstone" in English translations of the Bible.

[edit] T

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Tantalum	Ta	Greek	Τανταλος (Tantalus)	Tantalus	mythological	Named after the Greek, "ταντάλυς" (Tantalus), who was punished after death by being condemned to stand knee-deep in water, if he bent to drink the water, it drained below the level he could reach (on Greek mythology). This was considered similar to tantalum's general non-reactivity because of the inertness (it sits among reagents and is unaffected by them).[5]
Technetium	Tc	Greek	τεχνητός (technetos)	artificial	descriptive	From Greek τεχνητός (technetos), means "artificial", because of the first predominantly artificial element. Technetium has also been called Eka-manganese.[7]
Tellurium	Te		Tellus	Earth	mythological	From Latin "Tellus", means "Earth" and also "Terra Mater", the goddess personifying the Mother Earth in Roman mythology [5]
Terbium	Tb		Ytterby		toponym	Named after "Ytterby", the village in Sweden where the element was first discovered.
Thallium	Tl	Greek	θαλλός (thallos)	green twig	descriptive	From Greek, "θαλλός" (thallos), means "a green shoot (twig)", because of its bright green spectral emission lines.
Thorium	Th		Thor		mythological	Named after "Thor", the god of thunder on Norse mythology.[5] The former name Ionium (Io) was given early in the study of radioactive elements to Th-230 isotope.
Thulium	Tm		Thule	a mythical country	mythological	Named after "Thule", an ancient Roman and Greek name (Θούλη) for a mythical country in the far north, perhaps Scandinavia. By the same token, Thulia, its oxide.
Tin	Sn					Borrowed from a Proto-Indo-European language, and has cognates in several Germanic and Celtic languages.[18] The symbol Sn is from its Latin name Stannum.
Titanium	Ti	Greek	Τιτάν (gen.: Τιτάνος; Titan)		mythological	From Latin "titan", means "Earth", and also "Titans", the first sons of Gaia in Greek mythology.[5]
Tungsten	W	Swedish	tung sten	heavy stone	descriptive	From the Swedish and Danish, "tung sten", means "heavy stone". The symbol W is from scientific name, Wolfram. The element and its ore, "Wolframite", was named in honor of "Peter Woulfe", who discovered its existence. The names Wolfram or Volfram are still used in Swedish and several languages. [4]

[edit] U

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Unnilhexium	Sg				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 106: see: Seaborgium
Unniloctium	Hs				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 108: see: Hassium
Unnilpentium	Db				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 105: see: Dubnium
Unnilquadium	Rf				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 104: see: Rutherfordium
Unniltrium	Lr				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 103: see: Lawrencium
Ununoctium	Uuo				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 118. It is sometimes called Eka-radon.[7]
Ununbium	Uub				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 112. It is sometimes called Eka-mercury.[7]
Ununhexium	Uuh				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 116. It is sometimes called Eka-polonium.[7]
Ununnilium	Ds				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 110: see: Darmstadtium
Ununpentium	Uup				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 115. It is sometimes called Eka-bismuth.[7]
Ununquadium	Uuq				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 114. It is sometimes called Eka-lead.[7]
Ununseptium	Uus				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 117 (not yet discovered). It is sometimes called Eka-astatine.[7]
Ununtrium	Uut				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 113. It is sometimes called Eka-thallium.[7]
Unununium	Rg				systematic	IUPAC systematic element name based on Latin for 111: see: Roentgenium
Uranium	U		Uranus		astrological/mythological	Named after the planet "Uranus", which had been discovered eight years earlier. The planet was named after "Uranus", the god of sky and heaven on Greek mythology [5]

[edit] V

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Vanadium	V		Vanadis		mythological	Named after "Vanadis", a goddess on Scandinavian mythology, because of beautiful multicolored chemical compounds.[5]

[edit] X

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Xenon	Xe	Greek	ξένος (xenos)	foreign		From the Greek adjective "ξένος" (xenos), means "foreign, a stranger".

[edit] Y

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Ytterbium	Yb		Ytterby		toponym	Named after Ytterbia, the compound of Ytterbium. (The compound Ytterbia was named after Ytterby, the Swedish village (near Vaxholm) where found the minerals Gadolinite) [4]
Yttrium	Y		Ytterby		toponym	Named after Yttria, the (oxide) compound of Yttrium. (The compound Yttria was named after Ytterby, the village where found the minerals Gadolinite) [4]

[edit] Z

Name	Symbol	Language of origin	Word of origin	Meaning	Type of name	Description	Image
Zinc	Zn	German	Zink			From German "Zink". May be derived from Old Persian.
Zirconium	Zr	Arabic	ئشقنعى (zarkûn)	gold-like		From Arabic "ئشقنعى" (zarkûn). Derived from the Persian, "زرگون" (zargûn), means "gold like".

[edit] Notes and References

1. ^ Antimony,
   • LSJ, s.v., vocalisation, spelling, and declension vary; Endlich; Celsus, 6.6.6 ff; Pliny Natural History 33.33; Lewis and Short: Latin Dictionary. OED, s. antimony.
   • stimmi is used by the Attic tragic poets of the 5th century BC. Later Greeks also used stibi, which is written in Latin by Celsus and Pliny in the first century AD. Pliny also names stimi (sic-m), larbaris, alabaster, "very common platyophthalmos", "wide-eye" (means about effect of the cosmetic). In Egyptians hieroglyphics, ? (mśdmt), the vowels are uncertain, but there is an Arabic tradition that ? (mesdemet) (Albright; Sarton, quotes Meyerhof, the translator)
2. ^ Astatine, An earlier name for Astatine was Alabamine (Ab)
3. ^ Beryllium, At one time beryllium was referred to as Glucinium, which is from Greek γλυκύς (glykys), means "sweet", due to the sweet taste of its salts.
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} see Naming controversy below
5. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r} Some elements (particularly ancient elements) were associated with Greek (or Roman or others) gods or people, on Greek mythology (or other mythology), and with planets (or others in solar system), such as Mercury (mythology) - Mercury (planet) - Mercury (element), etc.
   Also, astrological symbols (for the planets) (particularly ancient elements) also often used same each ancient alchemical symbols (for the element or its metal).
6. ^ Darmstadtium, some humorous scientists suggested the name Policium, because 110 is the emergency telephone number for the German police.
7. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q} Previous to discovery of some unknown elements, Prof. Dmitri Mendeleev predicted and described most of them appropriately properties, and fill the gaps in the table, on the basis of them position in his Periodic table. The properties of 4 predicted elements, Eka-boron (Eb), Eka-aluminium (El), Eka-manganese (Em), and Eka-silicon (Es), proved to be good predictors of Scandium, Gallium, Technetium and Germanium, respectively. The prefix "eka-", from the Sanskrit, means "one" (places down from the known element in table), and is sometimes used in discussions about undiscovered elements, such as, Untriennium was referred into Eka-actinium. see also: Mendeleev's predicted elements
8. ^ Gold in Sanskrit is jval; in Greek, "χρυσός" (khrusos); in Chinese, 金 (jīn).
9. ^ Iron, Benvéniste 1969 cit. dep
10. ^ Lead, Lead was mentioned in the Book of Exodus. Alchemists believed lead was the oldest metal and associated the element with Saturn.
11. ^ Mendelevium, "Mendeleyev" commonly spelt as Mendeleev, Mendeléef, or Mendelejeff, and first name sometimes spelt as Dmitry or Dmitriy
12. ^ Mercury, The Indian alchemy called Rassayana, means "the way of mercury".
13. ^ Neodymium, is frequently misspelled as neodynium
14. ^ Nickel in Online Etymological Dictionary, accessed December 12, 2008
15. ^ Nitrogen, Pure gas is inert enough that Antoine Lavoisier referred to it as "Azote", means "without life", so this term has become the French for Nitrogen and later spread out to many other languages.
16. ^ Protactinium, Kasimir Fajans and Otto H. Göhring, who identified, name the element 91 Brevium from Latin "brevis", means "brief, short" in 1913. The name was changed to "Protoactinium" in 1918 and shortened to Protactinium in 1949.
17. ^ In medieval Europe, Sodanum is Latin name of "a compound of sodium".
18. ^ Tin, The American Heritage Dictionary

[edit] See also

• List of chemical elements naming controversies
• Chemical elements named after people
• Chemical elements named after places

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