This is a List of United States Senators from Maryland. Maryland ratified the Constitution on April 28, 1788, becoming the seventh state to do so.^[1] To provide for continuity of government, the framers divided Senators into staggered classes that serve six-year terms, and Maryland's Senators are in the first and third classes.^[2] Before the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1913, which allowed for direct election of Senators, Maryland's Senators were chosen by the Maryland General Assembly. Until the assembly appointed George L. Wellington of Cumberland in 1897, Senators in class 3 were chosen from the Eastern Shore while Senators in class 1 were chosen from the remainder of the state.

[edit] Class I Senators

Class 1 U.S. Senators belong to the electoral cycle that were elected for one session of the U.S. Congress in the first election of 1788 and whose seats in recent years are contested in 1994, 2000, 2006, and 2012.

#	Senator		Took office	Left office	Party	Residence	Background	Congress	Term
1	Charles Carroll		March 4, 1789	November 30, 1792	Pro-Administration	Annapolis	Maryland Senate	1	1
								2	2
2	Richard Potts		January 10, 1793	October 24, 1796	Pro-Administration	Frederick	U.S. Attorney for the District of Maryland
								3
								4
3	John Eager Howard		November 30, 1796	March 3, 1803	Federalist	Baltimore	Governor of Maryland
								5	3
								6
								7
4	Samuel Smith		March 4, 1803	March 3, 1815	Democratic-Republican	Baltimore	U.S. Representative (Md.-5)	8	4
								9
								10
								11	5
								12
								13
Vacant			March 4 1815	February 4, 1816				14	6
5	Robert Goodloe Harper		February 5, 1816	December 6, 1816	Federalist	Baltimore	Maryland Senate
6	Alexander Contee Hanson		December 20, 1816	April 23, 1819	Federalist	Elkridge	U.S. Representative (Md.-3)
								15
								16
7	William Pinkney		December 21 1819	February 25 1822	Democratic-Republican	Baltimore	Minister to Russia
								17	7
8	Samuel Smith		December 17, 1822	March 3, 1833	Democratic-Republican/ Jacksonian	Baltimore	U.S. Representative (Md.-5)
								18
								19
								20	8
								21
								22
9	Joseph Kent		March 4, 1833	November 24, 1837	National Republican	Bladensburg	Governor of Maryland	23	9
								24
								25
10	William Duhurst Merrick		January 4, 1838	March 3, 1845	Whig	Allens Fresh	Maryland House of Delegates
								26	10
								27
								28
11	Reverdy Johnson		March 4 1845	March 7 1849	Whig	Baltimore	Lawyer	29	11
								30
								31
12	David Stewart		December 6 1849	January 12 1850	Whig	Baltimore	Lawyer
13	Thomas Pratt		January 12 1850	March 3 1857	Whig	Annapolis	Governor of Maryland
								32	12
								33
								34
14	Anthony Kennedy		March 4 1857	March 3 1863	American	Baltimore	Maryland House of Delegates	35	13
								36
								37
15	Reverdy Johnson		March 4 1863	July 10 1868	Unionist/ Democrat	Baltimore	U.S. Attorney General	38	14
								39
								40
16	William Pinkney Whyte		July 13 1868	March 3 1869	Democrat	Baltimore	Lawyer
17	William Thomas Hamilton		March 4 1869	March 3 1875	Democrat	Hagerstown	U.S. Representative (Md.-4)	41	15
								42
								43
18	William Pinkney Whyte		March 4 1875	March 3 1881	Democrat	Baltimore	Governor of Maryland	44	16
								45
								46
19	Arthur Pue Gorman		March 4 1881	March 3 1899	Democrat	Laurel	Maryland Senate	47	17
								48
								49
								50	18
								51
								52
								53	19
								54
								55
20	Louis E. McComas		March 4 1899	March 3 1905	Republican	Williamsport	Supreme Court of the District of Columbia	56	20
								57
								58
21	Isidor Rayner		March 4 1905	November 25 1912	Democrat	Baltimore	Attorney General of Maryland	59	21
								60
								61
								62	22
22	William P. Jackson		November 29 1912	January 28 1914	Republican	Salisbury	Businessman
								63
23	Blair Lee		January 28 1914	March 3 1917	Democrat	Silver Spring	Maryland Senate
								64
24	Joseph Irwin France		March 4 1917	March 3 1923	Republican	Port Deposit	Surgeon	65	23
								66
								67
25	William Cabell Bruce		March 4 1923	March 3 1929	Democrat	Baltimore	President of the Maryland Senate	68	24
								69
								70
26	Phillips Lee Goldsborough		March 4 1929	January 3 1935	Republican	Baltimore	Governor of Maryland	71	25
								72
								73
27	George L. P. Radcliffe		January 3 1935	January 3 1947	Democrat	Baltimore	Banker	74	26
								75
								76
								77	27
								78
								79
28	Herbert O'Conor		January 3 1947	January 3 1953	Democrat	Baltimore	Governor of Maryland	80	28
								81
								82
29	James Glenn Beall		January 3 1953	January 3 1965	Republican	Frostburg	U.S. Representative (Md.-6)	83	29
								84
								85
								86	30
								87
								88
30	Joseph Tydings		January 3 1965	January 3 1971	Democrat	Havre de Grace	U.S. Attorney for the District of Maryland	89	31
								90
								91
31	John Glenn Beall		January 3 1971	January 3 1977	Republican	Frostburg	U.S. Representative (Md.-6)	92	32
								93
								94
32	Paul Sarbanes		January 3 1977	January 3 2007	Democrat	Baltimore	U.S. Representative (Md.-3)	95	33
								96
								97
								98	34
								99
								100
								101	35
								102
								103
								104	36
								105
								106
								107	37
								108
								109
33	Benjamin L. Cardin		January 3 2007	Incumbent	Democrat	Baltimore	U.S. Representative (Md.-3)	110	38
								111

[edit] Class III Senators

Class 3 U.S. Senators belong to the electoral cycle that were elected for three sessions of the U.S. Congress in the first election of 1788 and whose seats in recent years are contested in 1998, 2004, 2010, and 2016.

#	Senator		Took office	Left office	Party	Residence	Background	Congress	Term
1	John Henry		March 4 1789	December 10 1797	Pro-Administration	Weston	Delegate to the Continental Congress	1	1
								2
								3
								4	2
								5
2	James Lloyd		December 11 1797	December 1 1800	Federalist	Talbot County	Soldier
								6
3	William Hindman		December 12 1800	November 13 1801	Federalist	Talbot County	U.S. Representative (Md.-7)
								7	3
4	Robert Wright		November 19 1801	November 12 1806	Democratic-Republican	Queen Anne’s County	Maryland Senate
								8
								9
5	Philip Reed		November 25 1806	March 3 1813	Democratic-Republican	Chestertown	Soldier
								10	4
								11
								12
6	Robert Henry Goldsborough		May 21 1813	March 3 1819	Federalist	Easton	Planter	13	5
								14
								15
7	Edward Lloyd		March 4 1819	January 14 1826	Democratic-Republican/ Jacksonian	Easton	Governor of Maryland	16	6
								17
								18
								19	7
8	Ezekiel F. Chambers		January 24 1826	December 20 1834	National Republican	Chestertown	Maryland Senate
								20
								21
								22	8
								23
9	Robert Henry Goldsborough		January 13 1835	October 5 1836	National Republican	Easton	U.S. Senator
								24
10	John S. Spence		December 31 1836	October 24 1840	Whig	Berlin	U.S. Representative (Md.-8)
								25	9
								26
11	John Leeds Kerr		January 5 1841	March 3 1843	Whig	Easton	U.S. Representative (Md.-7)
								27
12	James A. Pearce		March 4 1843	December 20 1862	Whig	Chestertown	U.S. Representative (Md.-2)	28	10
								29
								30
								31	11
								32
								33
								34	12
					Democrat			35
								36
								37	13
13	Thomas Holliday Hicks		December 29 1862	February 14 1865	Unionist	Cambridge	Governor of Maryland
								38
14	John A. J. Creswell		March 9 1865	March 3 1867	Unionist	Elkton	U.S. Representative (Md.-1)	39
Vacant			March 4 1867	March 7 1868				40	14
15	George Vickers		March 7 1868	March 3 1873	Democrat	Chestertown	Maryland Senate
								41
								42
16	George R. Dennis		March 4 1873	March 3 1879	Democrat	Kingston	Maryland Senate	43	15
								44
								45
17	James Black Groome		March 4 1879	March 3 1885	Democrat	Elkton	Governor of Maryland	46	16
								47
								48
18	Ephraim King Wilson II		March 4 1885	February 24 1891	Democrat	Snow Hill	U.S. Representative (Md.-1)	49	17
								50
								51
Vacant			February 24 1891	November 19 1891				52	18
19	Charles Hopper Gibson		November 19 1891	March 3 1897	Democrat	Easton	U.S. Representative (Md.-1)
								53
								54
20	George L. Wellington		March 4 1897	March 3 1903	Republican	Cumberland	U.S. Representative (Md.-6)	55	19
								56
								57
21	Arthur Pue Gorman		March 4 1903	June 4 1906	Democrat	Laurel	U.S. Senator	58	20
								59
22	William Pinkney Whyte		June 8 1906	March 17 1908	Democrat	Baltimore	Attorney General of Maryland
								60
23	John Walter Smith		March 25 1908	March 3 1921	Democrat	Snow Hill	Governor of Maryland
								61	21
								62
								63
								64	22
								65
								66
24	Ovington Weller		March 4 1921	March 3 1927	Republican	Baltimore	Banker	67	23
								68
								69
25	Millard E. Tydings		March 4 1927	January 3 1951	Democrat	Havre de Grace	U.S. Representative (Md.-2)	70	24
								71
								72
								73	25
								74
								75
								76	26
								77
								78
								79	27
								80
								81
26	John Marshall Butler		January 3 1951	January 2 1963	Republican	Baltimore	Lawyer	82	28
								83
								84
								85	29
								86
								87
27	Daniel B. Brewster		January 3 1963	January 3 1969	Democrat	Towson	U.S. Representative (Md.-2)	88	30
								89
								90
28	Charles Mathias, Jr.		January 3 1969	January 3 1987	Republican	Frederick	U.S. Representative (Md.-6)	91	31
								92
								93
								94	32
								95
								96
								97	33
								98
								99
29	Barbara Mikulski		January 3 1987	Incumbent	Democrat	Baltimore	U.S. Representative (Md.-3)	100	34
								101
								102
								103	35
								104
								105
								106	36
								107
								108
								109	37
								110
								111

[edit] Notes

1. ^ "Maryland Historical Chronology, 1700-1799". Maryland State Archives. http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/chron/html/chron17.html. Retrieved 2007-06-27. 
2. ^ "The Senate and the United States Constitution". United States senate Historical Office. http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Constitution_Senate.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-27. 

[edit] See also

• United States congressional delegations from Maryland

v • d • e United States Senators from Maryland Class 1 Carroll • Potts • Howard • S. Smith • Harper • Hanson • Pinkney • S. Smith • Kent • Merrick • Johnson • Stewart • Pratt • Kennedy • Johnson • Whyte • Hamilton • Whyte • Gorman • McComas • Rayner • Jackson • Lee • France • Bruce • P. Goldsborough • Radcliffe • O'Conor • Beall, Sr. • J. Tydings • Beall, Jr. • Sarbanes • Cardin Class 3 Henry • J. Lloyd • Hindman • Wright • Reed • R. Goldsborough • E. Lloyd • Chambers • R. Goldsborough • Spence • Kerr • Pearce • Hicks • Creswell • Vickers • Dennis • Groome • Wilson • Gibson • Wellington • Gorman • Whyte • J. Smith • Weller • M. Tydings • Butler • Brewster • Mathias • Mikulski