The Super Bowl officials are the officials chosen for the Super Bowl, the championship game of the National Football League (NFL), the largest and most prestigious professional American football league.

Contents 1 Selection 2 List of officials 2.1 AFL-NFL World Championships 2.2 NFL Championships 3 Number of appearances 4 See also 5 Notes and references

[edit] Selection

The NFL's highest-rated official at each position is selected to work the Super Bowl. This is determined by the league using an evaluation system to grade each official's calls during the year. However, only officials who have worked in the league for at least five seasons and have previously worked during the playoffs are eligible to officiate in a Super Bowl.^[1]

This has not always been the case. From Super Bowl I to Super Bowl IV, when the game was the "AFL (American Football League)-NFL World Championship Game", the officiating crews consisted of members from both leagues. Then for Super Bowl XXXVIII and Super Bowl XXXIX, the NFL selected the highest rated crew during the regular season. This was a reaction to several officiating mistakes during the 2002-03 playoffs, and the league felt that preserving the familiarity and cohesiveness of the officiating crews during the postseason might reduce the errors.^[2]

[edit] List of officials

Note: A seven-official system was not used until Super Bowl XIII. Beginning with Super Bowl XXXIII, the league swapped position titles with the field judge and back judge.

[edit] AFL-NFL World Championships

Game	Date	Referee	Umpire	Head Linesman	Line Judge	Field Judge	Back Judge
I	15 January 1967	Norm Schachter (NFL)	George Young (AFL)	Bernie Ulman (NFL)	Al Sabato (AFL)	Mike Lisetski (NFL)	Jack Reader (AFL)
II	14 January 1968	Jack Vest (AFL)	Ralph Morcroft (NFL)	Tony Veteri (AFL)	Bruce Alford (NFL)	Bob Baur (AFL)	Stan Javie (NFL)
III	12 January 1969	Tom Bell (NFL)	Walt Parker (AFL)	George Murphy (NFL)	Cal Lepore (AFL)	Joe Gonzalez (NFL)	Jack Reader (AFL)
IV	11 January 1970	John McDonough (AFL)	Lou Palazzi (NFL)	Harry Kessel (AFL)	Bill Schleibaum (NFL)	Charlie Musser (AFL)	Tom Kelleher (NFL)

[edit] NFL Championships

Game	Date	Referee	Umpire	Head Linesman	Line Judge	Field Judge	Back Judge	Side Judge
V	17 January 1971	Norm Schachter	Paul Trepinski	Ed Marion	Jack Fette	Fritz Graf	Hugh Gamber
VI	16 January 1972	Jim Tunney	Joe Connell	Al Sabato	Art Hoist	Bob Wortman	Ralph Vandenberg
VII	14 January 1973	Tom Bell	Lou Palazzi	Tony Veteri	Bruce Alford	Tony Skover	Tom Kelleher
VIII	13 January 1974	Ben Dreith	Ralph Morcroft	Leo Miles	Jack Fette	Fritz Graf	Stan Javie
IX	12 January 1975	Bernie Ulman	Al Conway	Ed Marion	Bruce Alford	Richard Dolack	Raymond Douglas
X	18 January 1976	Norm Schachter	Joe Connell	Leo Miles	Jack Fette	Bill O'Brien	Stan Javie
XI	9 January 1977	Jim Tunney	Lou Palazzi	Ed Marion	Bill Swanson	Armen Terzian	Tom Kelleher
XII	15 January 1978	Jim Tunney	Joe Connell	Tony Veteri	Art Holst	Bob Wortman	Ray Douglas
XIII	21 January 1979	Pat Haggerty	Art Demmas	Jerry Bergman	Jack Fette	Fred Swearingen	Pat Knight	Dean Look
XIV	20 January 1980	Fred Silva	Al Conway	Burl Toler	Bob Beeks	Charley Musser	Stan Javie	Ben Tompkins
XV	25 January 1981	Ben Dreith	Frank Sinkovitz	Tony Veteri	Tom Dooley	Fritz Graf	Tom Kelleher	Dean Look
XVI	24 January 1982	Pat Haggerty	Al Conway	Jerry Bergman	Bob Beeks	Don Hakes	Bill Swanson	Bob Rice
XVII	30 January 1983	Jerry Markbreit	Art Demmas	Dale Hamer	Bill Reynolds	Don Orr	Dick Hantak	Dave Parry
XVIII	22 January 1984	Gene Barth	Gordon Wells	Jerry Bergman	Bob Beeks	Fritz Graf	Gil Mace	Ben Tompkins
XIX	20 January 1985	Pat Haggerty	Tom Hensley	Leo Miles	Ray Dodez	Bob Lewis	Tom Kelleher	Bill Quinby
XX	26 January 1986	Red Cashion	Ron Botchan	Dale Williams	Bama Glass	Jack Vaughan	Al Jury	Bob Rice
XXI	25 January 1987	Jerry Markbreit	Bob Boylston	Terry Gierke	Bob Beeks	Pat Mallette	Jim Poole	Gil Mace
XXII	31 January 1988	Bob McElwee	Al Conway	Dale Hamer	Jack Fette	Johnny Grier	Al Jury	Don Wedge
XXIII	22 January 1989	Jerry Seeman	Gordon Wells	Jerry Bergman	Bob Beeks	Bobby Skelton	Paul Baetz	Gary Lane
XXIV	28 January 1990	Dick Jorgensen	Hendi Ancich	Earnie Frantz	Ron Blum	Don Orr	Al Jury	Gerald Austin
XXV	27 January 1991	Jerry Seeman	Art Demmas	Sid Semon	Dick McKenzie	Jack Vaughan	Banks Williams	Larry Nemmers
XXVI	26 January 1992	Jerry Markbreit	Bob Boylston	Dale Williams	Ron Blum	Paul Baetz	Ed Merrifield	Dick Creed
XXVII	31 January 1993	Dick Hantak	Ron Botchan	Ron Phares	Dick McKenzie	Donnie Hampton	Jim Poole	Dean Look
XXVIII	30 January 1994	Bob McElwee	Art Demmas	Sid Semon	Tom Barnes	Don Orr	Al Jury	Nate Jones
XXIX	29 January 1995	Jerry Markbreit	Ron Botchan	Ron Phares	Ron Baynes	Jack Vaughan	Tim Millis	Tom Fincken
XXX	28 January 1996	Red Cashion	John Keck	Paul Weidner	Dale Orem	Don Hakes	Dick Creed	Bill Carollo
XXXI	26 January 1997	Gerald Austin	Ron Botchan	Earnie Frantz	Jeff Bergman	Phil Luckett	Scott Steenson	Tom Fincken
XXXII	25 January 1998	Ed Hochuli	Jim Quirk	John Schleyer	Ben Montgomery	Don Dorkowski	Paul Baetz	Doug Toole
XXXIII	31 January 1999	Bernie Kukar	Jim Daopoulos	Sanford Rivers	Ron Baynes	Tim Millis	Don Hakes	Gary Lane
XXXIV	30 January 2000	Bob McElwee	Ron Botchan	Earnie Frantz	Byron Boston	Al Jury	Bill Leavy	Tom Fincken
XXXV	28 January 2001	Gerald Austin	Chad Brown	Tony Veteri, Jr.	Walt Anderson	Bill Lovett	Bill Schmitz	Doug Toole
XXXVI	3 February 2002	Bernie Kukar	Jeff Rice	Mark Hittner	Ron Phares	Pete Morelli	Scott Green	Laird Hayes
XXXVII	26 January 2003	Bill Carollo	Ed Coukart	Dale Williams	Mark Steinkerchner	Tom Sifferman	Don Carey	Rick Patterson
XXXVIII	1 February 2004	Ed Hochuli	Jeff Rice	Mark Hittner	Ben Montgomery	Tom Sifferman	Scott Green	Laird Hayes
XXXIX	6 February 2005	Terry McAulay	Carl Paganelli	Gary Slaughter	Mark Steinkerchner	Tom Sifferman	Tony Steratore	Rick Patterson
XL	5 February 2006	Bill Leavy	Garth DeFelice	Mark Hittner	Mark Perlman	Steve Zimmer	Bob Waggoner	Tom Hill
XLI	4 February 2007	Tony Corrente	Carl Paganelli	George Hayward	Ron Marinucci	Jim Saracino	Perry Paganelli	John Parry
XLII	3 February 2008	Mike Carey[3]	Tony Michalek	Gary Slaughter	Carl Johnson	Boris Cheek	Scott Helverson	Larry Rose
XLIII	1 February 2009	Terry McAulay	Roy Ellison	Derrick Bowers	Mark Perlman	Greg Gautreaux	Keith Ferguson	Michael Banks

[edit] Number of appearances

Throughout NFL history, five officials have been selected to work five Super Bowls and six were assigned to four Super Bowls. At the referee position, Jerry Markbreit has headed the Super Bowl officiating crew four times.

Super Bowl Appearances	Official	Super Bowl(s)
5	Bob Beeks	XIV, XVI, XVIII, XXI, XXIII
	Ron Botchan	XX, XXVII, XXIX, XXXI, XXXIV
	Jack Fette	V, VIII, X, XIII, XXII
	Al Jury	XX, XXII, XXIV, XXVIII, XXXIV
	Tom Kelleher	IV, VII, XI, XV, XIX
4	Al Conway	IX, XIV, XVI, XXII
	Art Demmas	XIII, XVII, XXV, XXVII
	Fritz Graf	V, VIII, XV, XXVIII
	Stan Javie	II, VIII, X, XIV
	Jerry Markbreit	XVII, XXI, XXVI, XXIX
	Tony Veteri	II, VII, XII, XV

[edit] See also

• American Football League Officials
• List of NFL officials
• Official (American football)
• Super Bowl

[edit] Notes and references

v • d • e Super Bowl I 1967 · II 1968 · III 1969 · IV 1970 · V 1971 · VI 1972 · VII 1973 · VIII 1974 · IX 1975 · X 1976 · XI 1977 · XII 1978 · XIII 1979 · XIV 1980 · XV 1981 · XVI 1982 · XVII 1983 · XVIII 1984 · XIX 1985 · XX 1986 · XXI 1987 · XXII 1988 · XXIII 1989 · XXIV 1990 · XXV 1991 · XXVI 1992 · XXVII 1993 · XXVIII 1994 · XXIX 1995 · XXX 1996 · XXXI 1997 · XXXII 1998 · XXXIII 1999 · XXXIV 2000 · XXXV 2001 · XXXVI 2002 · XXXVII 2003 · XXXVIII 2004 · XXXIX 2005 · XL 2006 · XLI 2007 · XLII 2008 · XLIII 2009 · XLIV 2010 · XLV 2011 · XLVI 2012 · XLVII 2013 · XLVIII 2014 Champions · Coaches · Vince Lombardi Trophy · Most Valuable Players · Records · Broadcasters · Officials · National Anthem · Halftime · Advertising · USA Today Ad Meter · Pre-Super Bowl NFL champions · Curse · Counterprogramming · Lead-out programming