Below is an alphabetical list of famous Czech writers. - Daniel Adam z Veleslavína (1546–1599), lexicographer, publisher, translator, and writer
- Michal Ajvaz (born 1949), novelist and poet, magic realist
- Karel Slavoj Amerling, also known as Karl Slavomil Amerling or Slavoj Strnad Klatovský (1807–1884), teacher, writer, and philosopher
- Hana Andronikova (born 1967), writer
- Jakub Arbes (1840–1914), writer and journalist, realist
- Ludvík Aškenazy (1921–1986), writer and journalist
- Josef Augusta (1903–1968), paleontologist, geologist, and science popularizer
- Jindřich Šimon Baar (1869–1925), Catholic priest and writer, realist, author of the so-called country prose
- Bohuslav Balbín (1621–1688), writer and Jesuit
- Josef Barák (1833–1883), politician, journalist, and poet, member of the májovci literary group
- Eduard Bass (1888–1946), writer, journalist, singer, and actor
- Jan František Beckovský (1658–1725), writer, historian, translator, and priest
- Vavřinec Benedikt z Nudožer (1555–1615), mathematician, teacher, poet, translator, and philologist of Slovak origin, author of a Czech grammar
- Jan Beneš (1936-2007) Czech writer and political prisoner
- Petr Bezruč (1867–1958), poet and writer
- Konstantin Biebl (1898–1951), poet
- Jan Blahoslav (1523–1571), humanistic writer and composer
- Ivan Blatný (1919–1990), poet, member of Skupina 42 (Group 42)
- Egon Bondy (1930-2007), philosopher, writer, and poet, the main personality of the Prague underground
- Arthur Breisky (1885–1910), writer, translator, playwright
- Bedřich Bridel (1619–1680), baroque writer, poet, and missionary
- Max Brod (1884–1968), Jewish German-speaking author, composer, and journalist
- Otokar Březina (1868–1929), Symbolist poet and essayist
- Jakub Deml
- Dominika Dery (born 1975), poet, playwright, jouralist, and memoirist, former ballet dancer
- Ivan Diviš (1924–1999), significant poet and essayist of the 2nd half of the 20th century
- Gelasius Dobner (1719–1790), historian
- Josef Dobrovský (1753–1829), linguist, lexicographer, and literary historian
- Jan Drabek
- Jan Drda
- Jaroslav Durych
- Viktor Dyk
- Petr Šabach
- Pavel Josef Šafařík (1795–1861), Slovak Slavicist, literary historian, and poet
- František Xaver Šalda
- Michal Šanda
- Prokop František Šedivý (1764–c. 1810), playwright, actor, and translator of the National Revival era
- Jaroslav Seifert
- Ondřej Sekora, writer, journalist, cartoonist, illustrator, caricaturist, graphic
- Karol Sidon
- Jan Skácel
- Josef Škvorecký
- Ladislav Smoček (born 1932), playwright and theater director
- Antonín Sova (1864–1928), Impressionist and Symbolist poet
- Fráňa Šrámek (1877–1952), anarchist, impressionist, and vitalist, poet, novelist, and dramatist
- Pavel Šrut
- Petr Stančík
- Antal Stašek
- Jan Nepomuk Štěpánek (1783–1844), playwright
- Tomáš Štítný ze Štítného
- Karolína Světlá
- Ota Ulč (born 1932), Czech-American author and columnist
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