This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2009)

Libman-Sacks endocarditis
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	I39., M32.1
ICD-9	710.0
DiseasesDB	29254
eMedicine	med/1295
MeSH	D008180

Libman-Sacks endocarditis is a form of nonbacterial endocarditis that is seen in systemic lupus erythematosus. It is one of the most common cardiac manifestations of lupus (the most common being Pericarditis).^{[citation needed]}

It was first described by Drs. Emanuel Libman and Benjamin Sacks at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City in 1924.^[1][2] The association between Libman-Sacks endocarditis and Antiphospholipid syndrome was first noted in 1985.

[edit] Presentation

The vegetations are small and formed from strands of fibrin, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and histiocytes. The mitral valve is typically affected, and the vegetations occur on the ventricular and atrial surface of the valve. Libman-Sacks lesions rarely produce significant valve dysfunction and the lesions only rarely embolize.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Pathology

The pathology is the same as nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis except focal necrosis (hematoxylin bodies) can be found only in Libman-Sacks endocarditis.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] References

v • d • e Cardiovascular disease: heart disease · Circulatory system pathology (I00-I52, 390-429) Ischaemic CD/CHD CAD · Coronary thrombosis · Coronary vasospasm · Coronary artery aneurysm · Coronary artery dissection · Myocardial Bridge Active ischemia Angina pectoris (Prinzmetal's angina, Stable angina) · Acute coronary (Unstable angina, Myocardial infarction / heart attack) Sequelae hours (Myocardial stunning, Hibernating myocardium) · days (Myocardial rupture) · weeks (Aneurysm of heart/Ventricular aneurysm, Dressler's syndrome) Layers Pericardium Pericarditis (Acute, Chronic/Constrictive) · Pericardial effusion (Hemopericardium, Cardiac tamponade) Myocardium Myocarditis (Chagas disease) Cardiomyopathy: Dilated (Alcoholic) · Hypertrophic · Restrictive (Loeffler endocarditis, Cardiac amyloidosis, Endocardial fibroelastosis) Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Endocardium/ valves Endocarditis Infective endocarditis (Subacute bacterial endocarditis) · noninfective endocarditis (Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, Libman-Sacks endocarditis) Valves mitral (regurgitation, prolapse, stenosis) · aortic (stenosis, insufficiency) · tricuspid (stenosis, insufficiency) · pulmonary (stenosis, insufficiency) Conduction/ arrhythmia Bradycardia Sinus bradycardia · Sick sinus syndrome Heart block: Sinoatrial · AV (1°, 2°, 3°) · Intraventricular (Bundle branch/Right/Left, Left anterior fascicular/Left posterior fascicular, Bifascicular/Trifascicular) · Adams-Stokes syndrome Tachycardia (paroxysmal and sinus) Supraventricular Atrial (Multifocal) · Junctional (AV nodal reentrant, Junctional ectopic) Ventricular Torsades de pointes · Catecholaminergic polymorphic · Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Premature contraction Atrial · Ventricular Pre-excitation syndrome Wolff-Parkinson-White · Lown-Ganong-Levine Flutter/fibrillation Atrial flutter · Ventricular flutter · Atrial fibrillation (Familial) · Ventricular fibrillation Pacemaker Wandering pacemaker · Ectopic pacemaker/Ectopic beat · Parasystole · Multifocal atrial tachycardia · Pacemaker syndrome Long QT syndrome Romano-Ward syndrome · Andersen-Tawil syndrome · Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome Cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac death · Asystole · Pulseless electrical activity · Sinoatrial arrest Other/ungrouped hexaxial reference system (Right axis deviation, Left axis deviation) · QT (Short QT syndrome) · T (T wave alternans) · ST (Osborn wave, ST elevation, ST depression) Cardiomegaly Ventricular hypertrophy (Left, Right/Cor pulmonale) · Atrial enlargement (Left, Right) Other Cardiac fibrosis · Heart failure (Cardiac asthma) · Rheumatic fever heart navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

v • d • e Systemic CT disorders (M32-M36, 710) Mixed connective tissue disease Systemic lupus erythematosus: Drug-induced SLE · Libman-Sacks endocarditis Dermatopolymyositis/Inflammatory myopathy/Myositis: Dermatomyositis (Juvenile dermatomyositis) · Polymyositis · Inclusion body myositis Scleroderma: Systemic scleroderma (Progressive systemic sclerosis, CREST syndrome) Other hypersensitivity/autoimmune Sjögren's syndrome Other Behçet's disease · Polymyalgia rheumatica · Eosinophilic fasciitis · Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome muscle, DF+DRCT navs: anat/hist/physio, acquired myopathy/congenital myopathy/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc