Leonid Grinin
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Born	1958 Kamyshin (the Volgograd Region)
Residence	Russia
Nationality	Russia
Fields	philosophy of history
Institutions	Volgograd Center for Social Research
Alma mater	Volgograd Pedagogical University
Known for	his World History periodization and typology of state systems

Leonid Grinin (born in 1958) is a philosopher of history and sociologist.

Born in Kamyshin (the Volgograd Region), Grinin attended Volgograd Pedagogical University, where he got an M.A. in 1980. He got his Ph.D. from Moscow State University in 1996. He is a senior research fellow of the Volgograd Center for Social Research, a vice-editor of the journals History and Modernity and Philosophy and Society, and a co-editor of the Social Evolution & History and Journal of Globalization Studies.

Leonid Grinin's major contributions belong to the following fields: (1) studies of the long-term trends in the evolution of technologies and their influences on sociocultural evolution, (2) periodization of history, (3) studies of long-term development of the political systems. Here Grinin insists that the two-stage scheme of the state macroevolution (Early State – Mature State) proposed by Henry Claessen and Peter Skalnik is not sufficient, and suggests that it should be modified as "Early State – Developed State – Mature State", emphasizing that the differences between developed and early states are no less pronounced than the ones between the former and the mature states.

Among other things it has been suggested by Grinin to view social anagenesis/aromorphosis as a universal / widely diffused social innovation that raises social systems’ complexity, adaptability, integrity, and interconnectedness.^[1]

Grinin has written 8 books and over 70 articles dealing with his research interests. These include “Philosophy, Sociology, and Theory of History”, “Productive Forces and Historical Process”, “Formations and Civilizations”, “State and Historical Process” (in Russian). Among his more important articles are "The Early State and its Analogues" in the 2003 Social Evolution & History, “Early State and Democracy” (in The Early State, Its Alternatives and Analogues, pp. 419–463. Volgograd: Uchitel, 2004), "Periodization of History: A theoretic-mathematical analysis" (in History & Mathematics, pp.10-38. Moscow: KomKniga/URSS, 2006), and Why do we need mathematical models of historical processes? (in History & Mathematics: Historical Dynamics and Development of Complex Societies. Moscow: KomKniga/URSS, 2006 ISBN 5484010020 [with Peter Turchin and Andrey Korotayev).

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