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The Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team, representing the University of Kentucky, is the holder of the most all-time victories in the history of college basketball, both in all-time wins[1] and all-time winning percentage[1], with an all-time record of 2002-635-1[1][2][3]. Kentucky also leads the NCAA in NCAA tournament appearances, NCAA tournament games, and ranks second to UCLA in NCAA championships with 7, and second to UNC in NCAA tournament wins with 98.[4] In addition to these titles, Kentucky also has won the National Invitation Tournament in both 1946 and 1976.[5][6] The Wildcats play their home games in Rupp Arena, a facility named for their former coach, Adolph Rupp. The arena's official capacity is 23,500, and the team consistently ranks first in the nation in home game attendance.[7] The team's huge fan base is often referred to as the "Big Blue Nation". Likewise, the team itself is often referred to as the "Big Blue." In the 1980s the team was credited with popularizing Midnight Madness, although former University of Maryland Coach Lefty Driesell is credited with starting the nationwide tradition of Midnight Madness in 1971. In April 2009, John Calipari became their 22nd head coach, replacing Billy Gillispie.[8]
[edit] FacilitiesThe first home court for the Wildcats was simply called "the Gymnasium," and was located in the north wing of Barker Hall on the university campus. Constructed in 1902, it also housed the university's physical education classes until 1909. The facility had a capacity of 650 people, and with no bleachers or seats, fans had to stand to watch the games that were played there.[9] By the 1920s, it had become clear that the Gymnasium (by then renamed the "Ladies' Gym") was inadequate to house the university's basketball team. In 1924, Alumni Gym was completed. The new facility included seating for 2,800 people and cost $92,000 to construct.[9] Coming off back-to-back national championships, the team moved to Memorial Coliseum in 1950. Nicknamed "The House That Rupp Built," the multipurpose facility cost $4 million and seated 12,000 people. It also housed a swimming pool, physical education equipment, and offices for the athletics staff. The team occupied Memorial Coliseum for twenty-six seasons, and sold out every home game during that period.[10] The Wildcats' present home court, Rupp Arena, was opened in 1976. Located off-campus, in downtown Lexington, the facility's official capacity is 23,500.[10] The Wildcats have consistently led the country in home attendance since the mid 1970's, and in 2008 again led the nation. In 2007, the university unveiled the Joe Craft Center, a $30 million state-of-the-art basketball practice facility for both the men's and women's teams designed by Anna Frate and John Elliott. [edit] Coaching eras[edit] Pre-Rupp (1903–1930)Records indicate that the first head coach of the Wildcats was W.W.H. Mustaine, who in 1903 called together some students, took up a collection totaling $3 for a ball and told them to start playing.[11] The first recorded intercollegiate game at the college was a 15–6 defeat to nearby Georgetown College. The team went 1–2 for their first "season," also losing to Kentucky University (later Transylvania University) but defeating the Lexington YMCA.[12] Through 1908, the team did not manage a winning season, and had an all-time record of 15–29. In the fall of 1909 the faculty athletic senate voted to abolish the men’s basketball at Kentucky due to poor record and an overcrowded gym. As a reaction to this, the University of Kentucky students presented the board of trustees with a solution to the overcrowding. The plan was for a wooden floor and new lighting to be installed in the Armory. To address the poor record of the past teams, the university's head football coach, E.R. Sweetland was named head coach. This made him first paid coach in Kentucky’s basketball history.[13] That year, the team went 5–4, and only three years later, boasted their first undefeated season with nine victories and no losses.[14] [edit] George Bucheit and the "Wonder Team"In 1919, George Buchheit became the new head coach of the Wildcats. An alumnus of the University of Illinois, he brought with him a new system of basketball. The "Buchheit system" or "Illinois system," focused on defense and featured one player standing under each basket, while three roamed the court. Buckheit varied the system he learned in Illinois in one important way. While the Illini employed a zone defense, Buchheit's system used an aggressive man-to-man scheme. On offense, he used a complicated system of passing called the "zig-zag" or "figure eight" offense.[15] Although the team had a losing season in Buchheit's first year, they won the first-ever Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association tournament the next year, defeating the heavily favored Georgia Bulldogs. Both of these teams were composed entirely of native Kentuckians, anchored by All-American Basil Hayden. The tournament victory was considered Kentucky's first major success, and the 1921 team became known as the "Wonder Team."[16] In 1922, the team was unable to build on the success of the "Wonder Team." Although every player was eligible in 1922, two key players, Hayden and Sam Ridgeway, were injured before the start of the season. Hayden returned from his knee injury during the season, but was never able to play at the level he had the previous year. Ridgeway fought a year-long battle with diphtheria, and although he recovered, never played for the Wildcats again. The remaining three members of the "Wonder Team" went 9–5 for the season, and bowed out of the SIAA tournament in the second round.[17] [edit] The team faltersBuchheit remained as coach through the 1924 season before moving on to coach Trinity College (later Duke University.) A different coach would guide the team for each of the next four years. C.O. Applegran immediately followed Buchheit, and his 1925 team posted a respectable 13–8 record. The next year, Ray Eklund led the team to a 15–3 record, and produced UK's second All-American, Burgess Carey.[18] Seeing the cupboard largely bare for the upcoming year, Eklund resigned shortly before the start of the 1927 season. The team scrambled to find a new coach, and former player Basil Hayden left his coaching job at Kentucky Wesleyan College to answer the call. An unexperienced coach and a roster largely depleted of talent left the Wildcats with a 3–13 record that year. The disappointment convinced Hayden that he wasn't the "coaching type," and he resigned after the season. Fortunately for the Wildcats, 1927 would be their last losing season for six decades.[19] [edit] The MauermenThe Wildcats' new coach for the 1928 season was John Mauer. Although he had a talented group of players moving up from the junior varsity team, Mauer quickly discovered that his players didn't know the fundamentals of the game. He began a regimen of three-hour practices five days a week during the preseason. The practice began with half an hour of shooting drills and usually ended with a full-court scrimmage. Between the two, Mauer worked on skill drills and scenarios. Mauer's teams were nicknamed the "Mauermen."[20] Teamwork was the hallmark of Mauer's system. Every player worked on every aspect of the game; there were no specialists. Like Buchheit, Mauer employed a strong man-to-man defense. He utilized a slow-break offense that relied on a complicated system of short passes to get a good shot. Two elements of Mauer's system were new to basketball in the south – the offensive screen and the bounce pass. The latter was so new to most of UK's opponents that it was referred to as the "submarine attack."[21] Over his three-year tenure, Mauer led the Wildcats to an overall record of 40–14. One major prize eluded him, however. Despite having teams that were almost universally acknowledged as the "class of the South," Mauer never led a team to the Southern Conference title. Despite his innate ability for coaching, Mauer lacked the ability to heighten his team's emotions for a big game, a fault that was cited as the reason for his lack of tournament success. Mauer left the Wildcats to coach the Miami University Redskins following the 1930 season.[22] [edit] Adolph Rupp (1930–1972)In 1930, the university hired Adolph Rupp, who had played as a reserve for the University of Kansas under legendary coach Forest C. "Phog" Allen. At the time of his hiring, Rupp was a high school coach in Freeport, Illinois.[11] He would go on to become the all-time winningest coach in college basketball until his record was broken by Dean Smith. As of 2009, Rupp is third on the list of all-time winningest coaches behind Bob Knight and Dean Smith. Rupp coached the University of Kentucky men's basketball team from 1930 to 1972. At Kentucky, he earned the titles "Baron of the Bluegrass" and "The Man in the Brown Suit" (Rupp always wore a brown suit to games). Rupp was a master of motivation and strategy, often using local talent to build his teams. In fact, throughout his career, more than 80% of Rupp's players came from the state of Kentucky. He promoted a sticky man-to-man defense, a fluid set offense, perfect individual fundamentals, and a relentless fast break that battered opponents into defeat. Rupp demanded 100% effort from his players at all times, pushing them to great levels of success. Rupp's Wildcat teams won 4 NCAA championships (1948, 1949, 1951, 1958), one NIT title in 1946, appeared in 20 NCAA tournaments, had 6 NCAA Final Four appearances, won 5 Sugar Bowl tournament championships, captured 27 Southeastern Conference (SEC) regular season titles, and won 13 SEC tournaments. Rupp's Kentucky teams also finished ranked #1 on 6 occasions in the final Associated Press college basketball poll and 4 times in the United Press International (Coaches) poll. In addition, Rupp's legendary 1966 Kentucky squad (nicknamed "Rupp's Runts", as no starting player on the squad was taller than 6'5") finished second in the NCAA tournament to Texas Western, and his powerful 1947 Wildcats finished second in the NIT. Also, both Rupp's 1933 and 1954 Kentucky squads were awarded the Helms National Championship. The team did not play the 1952–1953 season because of a point shaving scandal. Rupp was forced into retirement in 1972 after reaching age 70, which at the time was the mandatory retirement age for all University of Kentucky employees. He was a 4-time National Coach-of-the-Year award winner. [edit] Joe B. Hall (1972–1985)Joe B. Hall was the head basketball coach at Kentucky from 1972 to 1985. Although he had been an assistant at Kentucky since 1965, Coach Hall was given a difficult task: to follow in the footsteps of his legendary predecessor, Adolph Rupp. In the 1978 NCAA Tournament, he coached the Wildcats to their fifth NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship. He was named National Coach of the Year in 1978 and SEC Coach of the Year on four different occasions. His record at UK was 297–100, and 373–156 over his career. Along with the 1978 title, Hall also guided Kentucky to a runner-up finish to UCLA in the 1975 NCAA tournament (which included an upset of heavily-favored and previously undefeated Indiana in a regional final), a Final Four appearance in the 1984 NCAA Tournament (losing to eventual champion Georgetown), and an NIT championship in 1976. He won eight SEC regular season championships and one SEC tournament championship (1984). (In this context, it must be noted that the SEC abolished its conference tournament in 1953 and did not reinstate it until 1979.) Coach Hall is one of only four people to both play on a NCAA championship team (1949- Kentucky) and coach a NCAA championship team (1978- Kentucky). The only others to achieve this feat are:
[edit] Eddie Sutton (1985–1989)In 1985, Eddie Sutton succeeded Joe B. Hall. He coached the Wildcats for four years, leading them to the Elite Eight of the 1986 NCAA Tournament. Two seasons later, Sutton and the 25–5 Wildcats captured their 37th SEC title and were ranked as the 6th college basketball team in the nation by the Associated Press and UPI[23][24] before losing to Villanova in the 1988 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Kentucky entered the 1988–89 season with a gutted roster. Ed Davender, Robert Lock and Winston Bennett had all graduated from school, while All-SEC sophomore Rex Chapman left school early to enter the 1988 NBA Draft. Additionally, sophomore standout Eric Manuel was suspected of cheating on his college entrance exam and voluntarily agreed to sit out until the investigation was finished. Potential franchise recruit Shawn Kemp transferred out of Kentucky after signing with the school early that year. [25] Unfortunately, Manuel was forced to sit out the entire season as the investigation dragged on, essentially leaving the Wildcats in the hands of inexperienced sophomore LeRon Ellis and true freshman Chris Mills. The two underclassmen struggled to fill the talent vacuum on the court and the Wildcats finished with a losing record of 13-19, the team's first losing full-season record since 1927. [24] To add injury to insult, the NCAA announced at the end of the season that its investigation into the basketball program had found the school guilty of violating numerous NCAA policies. [26] The scandal broke when an Emery Worldwide package sent to Mills, then a highly sought-after high school prospect, from a Kentucky assistant coach popped open and several large-denomination bills popped out. Another player, Eric Manuel, was found to have received improper assistance on his college entrance exams and was banned from NCAA competition. Kentucky was already on probation stemming from an extensive scheme of payments to recruits, and the NCAA seriously considered hitting the Wildcats with the "death penalty", which would have shut down the entire basketball program (as opposed to simply being banned from postseason play) for up to two years. However, school president David Roselle forced Sutton and athletic director Cliff Hagan to resign. The Wildcats were slapped with three years' probation, a two-year ban from postseason play and a ban from live television in 1989–90. [27] [edit] Rick Pitino (1989–1997)In 1989, Rick Pitino left the NBA's New York Knicks and became the coach at a Kentucky program reeling from the aforementioned scandal. Pitino quickly restored Kentucky's reputation and performance, leading his second school to the Final Four in the 1993 NCAA Tournament, and winning a national title in the 1996 NCAA Tournament, Kentucky's first NCAA championship in 18 years. The following year, Pitino's Kentucky team made it back to the national title game, losing to Arizona in overtime in the finals of the 1997 NCAA Tournament. Pitino's fast-paced teams at Kentucky were favorites of the school's fans. It was primarily at Kentucky where he implemented his signature style of full-court pressure defense. Pitino left Kentucky in 1997 to coach the NBA's Boston Celtics, then later went on to coach Kentucky's in-state rival, the University of Louisville. [edit] Orlando "Tubby" Smith (1997–2007)Orlando "Tubby" Smith was introduced as the Wildcats' 20th head coach on May 12, 1997, charged with the unenviable task of replacing popular coach Rick Pitino. The Wildcats were at the top of the basketball world at the time, having won a national title in 1996 and, according to many, missing a second straight title in 1997 by the torn ACL of shooting guard Derek Anderson.[28] (Anderson tore his ACL in January against SEC foe Auburn; Kentucky lost the 1997 title game in overtime to the Arizona Wildcats.) The team Smith inherited sported seven players from the Arizona loss, and five from the 1996 championship team. However, since most of the players who had left after the 1996 and 1997 seasons were high NBA draft picks, his team had the lowest pre-season ranking since Kentucky came off probation in 1991. [29] In his first season at UK, he coached the Wildcats to their seventh NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, including a come-from-behind victory against Duke in the Elite Eight. His 1998 National Championship is unique in modern times, as being the only team in over twenty years to win without a First Team All American or future NBA Lottery Pick. (see 1998 NCAA Tournament). Smith's teams, known primarily for a defense-oriented slower style of play coined "Tubbyball", received mixed reviews among Kentucky fans who have historically enjoyed a faster, higher-scoring style of play under previous coaches. Smith was also under pressure from Kentucky fans to recruit better players. Smith led Kentucky to one National Championship in 1998, a perfect 16–0 regular season conference record in 2003, five SEC regular season championships (1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005) and five SEC Tournament titles (1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2004), with six Sweet Sixteen finishes and four Elite Eight finishes (1998, 1999, 2003, 2005) in his ten seasons. He totaled 100 wins quicker than any other Wildcat coach except Hall of Famer Adolph Rupp, reaching the plateau in 130 games. In 2005, he was also named AP Coach of the Year. Although Smith compiled an impressive resume during his UK career, he came under considerable pressure from many UK fans, who believed that his failure to achieve even a single Final Four appearance in his last nine seasons was inadequate by UK standards. This drought is the longest of any coach in UK history[30], although Tubby did come just a double-overtime loss short of another Final Four appearance in 2005. On March 22, 2007, Smith resigned his position of UK Head Coach to accept the head coach position at the University of Minnesota.[31] [edit] Billy Gillispie (2007–2009)On April 6, 2007, Billy Gillispie was formally announced as the new head coach of the University of Kentucky by UK athletic director Mitch Barnhart. He fielded questions from the media during the press conference held at UK's new practice facility, the Joe Craft Center. He expressed his excitement and joy to be not only considered for the position but to have been given the honor and the opportunity to coach what former UK coach Rick Pitino referred to as the "Roman Empire" of college basketball. "I'm very, very grateful and honored to be here, but we have a lot of work to do."[32] Gillispie became only the sixth head coach in the last 76 years at the school.[33]
On March 27, 2009 an 18 minute long meeting occurred between Billy Gillispie, President Dr. Lee Todd, Jr. and Athletic Director Mitch Barnhart, after which it was announced that Gillispie would not be returning as the head coach the next season. Barnhart stressed the firing was due to more than wins and losses, citing "philosophical differences" and "a clear gap in how the rules and responsibilities overseeing the program are viewed".[40] [edit] John Calipari (2009– )On March 31, 2009, former UMass, New Jersey Nets and Memphis head coach John Calipari decided to become the next head coach at the University of Kentucky.[8] Calipari signed a eight-year deal worth $31.65 million, or $3.96 million per year.[41] Cal's Kids officially debuted on November 13th with a 75-59 victory over the Morehead State Eagles, in which Eric Bledsoe scored 24 pts. Following a victory over Indiana in Assembly Hall on December 12th, UK climbed to 10-0 and a #3 ranking in both the AP and USA Today/Coaches Polls. These victories included wins over #10 North Carolina 68-66 (A Rupp Arena Attendance record was set with 24,468 in attendance)[42], and a 64-61 win over #14 UConn in Madison Square Garden behind the heroics of John Wall, who scored 12 of UK's final 15 points en route to the victory. On December 19, 2009, the Wildcats defeated Austin Peay 90-69 extending their record to 11-0, and John Calipari broke Adolph Rupp's record for the most consecutive wins to start a season for a first-year head coach at Kentucky. Kentucky defeated the Drexel Dragons 88-44 on December 21, 2009 to become the first program in college basketball history to claim their 2000th victory. [43] [edit] CoachesThe Wildcats have had 22 coaches in their 106-year history. John Calipari is the current coach. Three former Wildcat coaches have won the National Coach of the Year award: Eddie Sutton in 1986, Rick Pitino in 1992, and Tubby Smith in 2003. Additionally, five coaches have been named Southeastern Conference Coach of the Year: Joe B. Hall in 1981 and 1984, Sutton in 1986, Pitino in 1991, 1992, 1994, and 1996, Smith in 1998, 2001, 2003, and 2005, and Billy Gillispie in 2008 (shared the award with Bruce Pearl). [edit] Postseason Results[edit] National championshipsThe following is a list of Kentucky's 7 National Championships:
[edit] 1948 Championship Results
[edit] 1949 Championship Results
[edit] 1951 Championship Results
[edit] 1958 Championship Results
[edit] 1978 Championship Results
[edit] 1996 Championship Results
[edit] 1998 Championship Results
[edit] Final Four history
[edit] Retired JerseysPlayers:
Coaches: Contributors:
[edit] Wildcats in the NBA
[edit] Memorable teams
[edit] Three Point StreakThe Wildcats have gone 725 consecutive games (non-exhibition) with at least one three-point field goal made[45] as of December 29, 2009, the fourth longest such streak in the nation. Only UNLV, Vanderbilt and Princeton have a longer active streak in men's college basketball. [edit] References
http://www.bigbluehistory.net/bb/statistics/statistics.html [edit] See also
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