Justinian (from Latin: Iustinianus) may refer to:

• Justinian I the Great (483–565), Byzantine Emperor from 527 to 565; noted for his codification of Law
• Justinian II Rhinotmetus (669–711), Byzantine Emperor from 685 to 695 and again from 705 to 711
• Justinian of Ramsey Island (Jestin, Iestin), 6th century Welsh hermit
• Justinian Marina (1901–1977), Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church from 1948 to 1977.
• The Venetian family Giustiniani
  • St. Lawrence Justinian (Lorenzo Giustiniani, 1381–1456), first Patriarch of Venice
• Sir Justinian Isham, 2nd Baronet (1610–1675), English scholar and politician
• James Justinian Morier (1782–1849), British diplomat and author
• Justinian Serédi (1884–1945), Roman Catholic cardinal and Primate of Hungary
• Justinian Rweyemamu (1942–1982), Tanzanian economist and mathematician
• Justinian Tamusuza (b. 1951) Ugandan composer
• Justinian, a storeship sent to the convict settlement at New South Wales in 1790.

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