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St. Louis Vein Specialties | Varicose and Spider Vein Treatment in St. veinspecialtiesllc.com |
 Joseph Louis François Bertrand (March 11, 1822 – April 5, 1900, born and died in Paris) was a French mathematician who worked in the fields of number theory, differential geometry, probability theory, economics and thermodynamics. Bertrand was a professor at the École Polytechnique and Collège de France. He was a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences and was its permanent secretary for twenty-six years. He was the son of physician Alexandre Jacques François Bertrand and the brother of archaeologist Alexandre Bertrand. He conjectured, in 1845, that there is at least one prime between n and 2n − 2 for every n > 3. Chebyshev proved this conjecture, now called Bertrand's postulate, in 1850. He is also famous for a paradox in the field of probability, now known as Bertrand's Paradox. There is another paradox in game theory that is named for him, called the Bertrand Paradox. Bertrand translated into French Carl Friedrich Gauss's work on the theory of errors and the method of least squares. In the field of economics he reviewed the work on Oligopoly Theory, specifically Cournot competition model produced by the French mathematician and economist Augustin Cournot. The model of Bertrand competition argued that Cournot had reached a very misleading conclusion; reworking Cournot's duopoly model using prices rather than quantities as the strategic variables thus showing that the equilibrium price was simply the competitive price. In 1858, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
[edit] Works by Bertrand
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[edit] Further readingStruik, D.J. (1970–80). "Bertrand, Joseph Louis Francois". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 2. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 87-89. ISBN 0684101149. [edit] External links
Categories: 1822 births | 1900 deaths | People from Paris | 19th-century mathematicians | French mathematicians | Differential geometers | Number theorists | Probability theorists | Members of the Académie française | Alumni of the École Polytechnique | Collège de France faculty | Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences | |||||||
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