James Nicholas "Jim" Gray
Born	1944 (1944)
Died	January 28, 2007 (2007-01-29), lost at sea
Nationality	American
Fields	Computer Science
Institutions	IBM Tandem Computers DEC Microsoft
Alma mater	University of California, Berkeley
Notable awards	Turing Award

James Nicholas "Jim" Gray (born 1944, lost at sea 28 January 2007) was an American computer scientist who received the Turing Award in 1998 "for seminal contributions to database and transaction processing research and technical leadership in system implementation."

Contents 1 Biography 2 Work 3 Disappearance at sea and search 4 Books 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

[edit] Biography

Gray studied at the University of California, Berkeley, where he earned his B.S. in Engineering Mathematics (Math and Statistics) in 1966 and his Ph.D. in Computer Science in 1969. He was the first recipient of a Ph.D. from Berkeley's Computer Science Department.^{[citation needed]}

Gray pursued his career primarily working as a researcher and software designer at a number of industrial companies, including IBM, Tandem Computers, and DEC. He was a Technical Fellow for Microsoft Research in San Francisco, beginning in 1995.

[edit] Work

Gray contributed to several major database and transaction processing systems, including the System R while at IBM, TerraServer-USA and Skyserver for Microsoft. Among his best known achievements are granular database locking, two-tier transaction commit semantics, the "five-minute rule" for allocating storage, and the data cube operator for data warehousing applications. He assisted in the development of Virtual Earth.^[1][2][3][4] He was also one of the co-founders of the CIDR conference.

[edit] Disappearance at sea and search

During a short solo sailing trip to the Farallon Islands near San Francisco to scatter his mother's ashes, his 40-foot yacht, Tenacious, was reported missing on Sunday, January 28, 2007. The Coast Guard searched for four days using a C-130 plane, helicopters, and patrol boats but found no sign of the vessel.^[5][6][7][8]

Gray's boat was equipped with an automatically deployable EPIRB (Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon), which should have deployed and begun transmitting the instant his vessel sank. The area around the Farallon Islands where Gray was sailing is also well north of the East-West ship channel used by freighters entering and leaving San Francisco Bay. The weather was clear that day and no ships reported striking his boat, nor were any distress radio transmissions reported.

On February 1, 2007, the DigitalGlobe satellite did a scan of the area, generating thousands of images.^[9] The images were posted to Amazon Mechanical Turk in order to distribute the work of searching through them, in hopes of spotting his boat.

On February 16, 2007, the Friends of Jim Gray Group suspended their search,^[10] but continue to follow any important leads. The family ended its search May 31, 2007. The massive high-tech effort did not reveal any new clues.^{[11][12][13][14][15]}

The University of California, Berkeley hosted a tribute to Gray and his life on May 31, 2008. The conference included sessions delivered by Richard Rashid and David Vaskevitch.^[16] Microsoft's WorldWide Telescope software is dedicated to Gray. Microsoft announced in 2008 the opening of a research center in Madison, Wisconsin, to be named after Jim Gray.^[17]

[edit] Books

• Transaction Processing: Concepts and Techniques (with Andreas Reuter) (1993). ISBN 1558601902.
• The Benchmark Handbook: For Database and Transaction Processing Systems (1991). Morgan Kaufmann. ISBN 9781558601598.

[edit] See also

• List of people who disappeared mysteriously
• List of computer scientists

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Gray's Microsoft Research home page
• Oral History Interview with Jim Gray at Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
• Video Behind the Code on ResearchChannel, interviewed by Barbara Fox, 2005
• Tribute by Mark Whitehorn for The Register April 30, 2007
• EE380: The Search for Jim Gray, Panel Discussion at Stanford University (video archive) May 28, 2008
• Tribute by IEEE Computer Society, ACM, and UC Berkeley to honor Jim Gray (Proceedings) May 31, 2008
• Tribute by James Hamilton
• Why Do Computers Stop and What Can Be Done About It?, a technical report by Jim Gray, 1985
• What Next? A Dozen Information-Technology Research Goals Jim Gray's Turing lecture, June 1999
• Detailed report on ocean-floor scanning effort to find the S/V Tenacious

v • d • e A. M. Turing Award laureates Alan Perlis (1966) · Maurice Vincent Wilkes (1967) · Richard Hamming (1968) · Marvin Minsky (1969) · James H. Wilkinson (1970) · John McCarthy (1971) · Edsger W. Dijkstra (1972) · Charles Bachman (1973) · Donald Knuth (1974) · Allen Newell / Herbert Simon (1975) · Michael O. Rabin / Dana Scott (1976) · John Backus (1977) · Robert Floyd (1978) · Kenneth E. Iverson (1979) · C. A. R. Hoare (1980) · Edgar F. Codd (1981) · Stephen Cook (1982) · Ken Thompson / Dennis Ritchie (1983) · Niklaus Wirth (1984) · Richard Karp (1985) · John Hopcroft / Robert Tarjan (1986) · John Cocke (1987) · Ivan Sutherland (1988) · William Kahan (1989) · Fernando J. Corbató (1990) · Robin Milner (1991) · Butler Lampson (1992) · Juris Hartmanis / Richard Stearns (1993) · Edward Feigenbaum / Raj Reddy (1994) · Manuel Blum (1995) · Amir Pnueli (1996) · Douglas Engelbart (1997) · Jim Gray (1998) · Fred Brooks (1999) · Andrew Yao (2000) · Ole-Johan Dahl / Kristen Nygaard (2001) · Ron Rivest / Adi Shamir / Leonard Adleman (2002) · Alan Kay (2003) · Vint Cerf / Bob Kahn (2004) · Peter Naur (2005) · Frances E. Allen (2006) · Edmund M. Clarke / E. Allen Emerson / Joseph Sifakis (2007) · Barbara Liskov (2008)

Persondata
NAME	Gray, James Nicholas "Jim"
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	American computer scientist
DATE OF BIRTH	1944
PLACE OF BIRTH
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH