This article uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

Jackson Whipps Showalter (February 4, 1860, Minerva, Ohio – February 6, 1935, Lexington, Kentucky) was a five-time U.S. Chess Champion: 1890, 1892, 1892–1894, 1895-1896 and 1906–1909. He was born in Minerva, Kentucky.

He won U.S. Championship matches against S. Lipschütz (twice), Max Judd and Albert Hodges. He lost championship matches to Lipschütz, Max Judd, Harry Nelson Pillsbury, and Frank Marshall.

He was known as "the Kentucky Lion" after his birthplace and his hairstyle, which consisted of a thick mane down the back of his neck, and perhaps also his playing strength.^[1]

The variation of the Queen's Gambit Accepted. 1. d4 d5 2. c4 dxc4 3. Nc3 is named after him.

The famous "Capablanca Simplifying Manoeuvre" in the Orthodox Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined (1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e3 Nbd7 6. Nf3 0-0 7. Rc1 c6 8. Bd3 dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5) had in fact been used by Showalter in the 1890s, many years before José Raúl Capablanca played it.^[2]

Preceded by S. Lipschütz	United States Chess Champion 1890	Succeeded by Max Judd
Preceded by Max Judd	United States Chess Champion 1892	Succeeded by S. Lipschütz
Preceded by S. Lipschütz	United States Chess Champion 1892–1894	Succeeded by Albert Hodges
Preceded by Albert Hodges	United States Chess Champion 1895–1896	Succeeded by Harry Nelson Pillsbury
Preceded by Harry Nelson Pillsbury	United States Chess Champion 1906–1909	Succeeded by Frank Marshall

[edit] References

[edit] Further reading

• Harry Golombek: Golombek's Encyclopedia of Chess, Crown Publishers 1977.

[edit] External links

• Jackson Whipps Showalter player profile at ChessGames.com

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