| Representative | Party | Years | District home | Notes |
| District created March 4, 1843 |
| John J. Hardin | Whig | March 4, 1843 - March 3, 1845 | | |
| Edward D. Baker | Whig | March 4, 1845 - January 15, 1847 | | Resigned after being commissioned colonel of the 4th Regiment of the Illinois Volunteer Infantry |
| Vacant | January 15, 1847 - February 5, 1847 |
| John Henry | Whig | February 5, 1847 - March 3, 1847 | | |
| Abraham Lincoln | Whig | March 4, 1847 - March 3, 1849 | | |
| Thomas L. Harris | Democratic | March 4, 1849 - March 3, 1851 | | |
| Richard Yates | Whig | March 4, 1851 - March 3, 1853 | | Redistricted to the 6th district |
| James C. Allen | Democratic | March 4, 1853 - July 18, 1856 | | House declared not entitled to seat |
| Vacant | July 18, 1856 - November 4, 1856 |
| James C. Allen | Democratic | November 4, 1856 - March 3, 1857 | | Re-elected to fill own vacancy |
| Aaron Shaw | Democratic | March 4, 1857 - March 3, 1859 | | |
| James C. Robinson | Democratic | March 4, 1857 - March 3, 1859 | | Redistricted to the 11th district |
| John R. Eden | Democratic | March 4, 1863 - March 3, 1865 | | |
| Henry P. H. Bromwell | Republican | March 4, 1865 - March 3, 1869 | | |
| Jesse H. Moore | Republican | March 4, 1869 - March 3, 1873 | | |
| Franklin Corwin | Republican | March 4, 1873 - March 3, 1875 | | |
| Alexander Campbell | Independent | March 4, 1875 - March 3, 1877 | | |
| Philip C. Hayes | Republican | March 4, 1877 - March 3, 1881 | | |
| William Cullen | Republican | March 4, 1881 - March 3, 1883 | | Redistricted to the 8th district |
| Thomas J. Henderson | Republican | March 4, 1883 - March 3, 1895 | | Redistricted from the 6th district |
| George E. Foss | Republican | March 4, 1895 - March 3, 1903 | | Redistricted to the 10th district |
| Philip Knopf | Republican | March 4, 1903 - March 3, 1909 | | |
| Frederick Lundin | Republican | March 4, 1909 - March 3, 1911 | | |
| Frank Buchanan | Democratic | March 4, 1911 - March 3, 1917 | | |
| Niels Juul | Republican | March 4, 1917 - March 3, 1921 | | |
| M. Alfred Michaelson | Republican | March 4, 1921 - March 3, 1931 | | |
| Leonard W. Schuetz | Democratic | March 4, 1931 - February 13, 1944 | | Died |
| Vacant | February 13, 1944 - January 3, 1945 |
| William W. Link | Democratic | January 3, 1945 - January 3, 1947 | | |
| Thomas L. Owens | Republican | January 3, 1947 - June 7, 1948 | | Died |
| Vacant | June 7, 1948 - January 3, 1949 |
| Adolph J. Sabath | Democratic | January 3, 1949 - November 6, 1952 | | Redistricted from the 5th district, Died |
| Vacant | November 6, 1952 - July 7, 1953 |
| James Bowler | Democratic | July 7, 1953 - July 18, 1957 | | Died |
| Vacant | July 18, 1957 - December 31, 1957 |
| Roland V. Libonati | Democratic | December 31, 1957 - January 3, 1965 | | |
| Frank Annunzio | Democratic | January 3, 1965 - January 3, 1973 | | Redistricted to the 11th district |
| Vacant | January 3, 1973 - June 5, 1973 |
| Cardiss Collins | Democratic | June 5, 1973 - January 3, 1997 | | elected to fill seat after being Redistricted from the 6th district |
| Danny K. Davis | Democratic | January 3, 1997 - Present | | Incumbent |