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Hyperchloremia
Classification and external resources
Chlorine
ICD-10	E87.8
ICD-9	276.9

Hyperchloremia is an electrolyte disturbance in which there is an abnormally elevated level of the chloride ion in the blood. The normal serum range for chloride is 97 to 107 mEq/L. Hyperchloremia is defined as a chloride concentration exceeding this level.

Hyperchloremia can affect oxygen transport.^[1]

Contents 1 Symptoms 2 Causes 3 Treatment 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Symptoms

Often hyperchloremia does not produce any symptoms. However, hyperchloremia is sometimes associated with excess fluid loss such as vomiting and diarrhea. If the sufferer were to be a diabetic, hyperchloremia could lead to poor control of blood sugar levels, which could cause them to become elevated. Hyperchloremia can be symptomatic with signs of Kussmaul's breathing, weakness, and intense thirst.

[edit] Causes

Elevations in chloride may be associated with diarrhea, certain kidney diseases as Lightwood syndrome, and overactivity of the parathyroid glands. Hyperchloremia is often comorbid with diabetes or hyponatremia. Certain drugs, especially diuretics such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, hormonal treatments, and polypharmacy, may contribute to this disorder.

[edit] Treatment

As with most types of electrolyte imbalance, the treatment of high blood chloride levels is based on correcting the underlying cause.

• If the patient is dehydrated, therapy consists of establishing and maintaining adequate hydration.

• If the condition is caused or exacerbated by medications or treatments, these may be altered or discontinued, if deemed prudent.

• If there is underlying kidney disease (which is likely if there are other electrolyte disturbances), then the patient will be referred to a nephrologist for further care.

• If there is an underlying dysfunction of the endocrine or hormone system, the patient will likely be referred to an endocrinologist for further assessment.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• FP Notebook

v • d • e Water-electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance (E86-E87, 276) Volume status Volume contraction (Dehydration/Hypovolemia)  · Hypervolemia Electrolyte Na+ Hypernatremia · Hyponatremia (Hypotonic, Isotonic) K+ Hyperkalemia · Hypokalemia Cl− Hyperchloremia · Hypochloremia Acid-base Acidosis Metabolic: High anion gap (Ketoacidosis/Diabetic ketoacidosis, Lactic) · Normal anion gap (Hyperchloremic, Renal tubular) Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic: Contraction alkalosis Respiratory Both Mixed disorder of acid-base balance urinary system navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/acid+base/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

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