Hemiplegia
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	G80.2, G81.
ICD-9	342-343, 438.2
MeSH	D006429

Hemiplegia is a condition in which half of a body is paralyzed. Hemiplegia is more severe than hemiparesis, wherein one half of the body is weakened but not paralysed.^[1] Hemiplegia may be congenital or acquired from an illness or stroke.

Contents 1 Causes 1.1 Medial medullary syndrome 1.2 Common causes by etiology 2 See also 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Causes

The most common cause of hemiplegia is a cerebrovascular accident, also known as a stroke. Strokes may also cause less severe conditions like hemiparesis and spasticity, however these could be minimized through rigorous post-trauma physical therapy.^[2]

Alternate causes of hemiplegia include any spinal cord injury, specifically Brown-Séquard syndrome, traumatic brain injury, or other disease affecting the central nervous system. Injury to only one of the cerebral hemispheres is more likely to cause hemiplegia. In cerebral palsy, damage to the hemisphere may limit function or cause spasticity without resulting in total paralysis of one half of the body.

[edit] Medial medullary syndrome

[edit] Common causes by etiology

• Vascular: cerebral hemorrhage,^[3] stroke, diabetic neuropathy
• Infective: encephalitis, meningitis, brain abscess
• Neoplastic: glioma-meningioma
• Demyelination: disseminated sclerosis, lesions to the internal capsule
• Traumatic: cerebral lacerations, subdural hematoma rare cause of hemiplegia is due to local anaesthetic injections given intra-arterially rapidly, instead of given in a nerve branch.
• Congenital: cerebral palsy
• Disseminated: multiple sclerosis
• Psychological: parasomnia (nocturnal hemiplegia)^[4]

[edit] See also

• alternating hemiplegia
• hemiplegic migraine
• laryngeal paralysis

[edit] References

1. ^ Hemiplegia/Hemiparesis
2. ^ Patten C, Lexell J, Brown HE. Weakness and strength training in persons with poststroke hemiplegia: Rationale, method, and efficacy. J Rehab Res Dev 2004;41:293-312. PMID 15543447.
3. ^ http://www.samehlabib.com/Books/Neurology.doc
4. ^ http://www.lakesidepress.com/pulmonary/Sleep/sleep-paralysis.htm

[edit] External links

• CHASA Children's Hemiplegia and Stroke Association non-profit organization
• HemiHelp, a UK based childhood hemiplegia (cerebral palsy) charity
• AHC Kids Dutch website about Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood
• Spinal Cord Injury Peer Support
• Hemiplegia and associated problems
• Wrong Diagnosis.com General Hemiplegia Info, Tools & Discussion Boards

v • d • e Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes (G80-G83, 342-344) Paresis and plegia NOS Paralysis · Quadriplegia · Triplegia · Hemiplegia/Hemiparesis · Paraplegia/Diplegia · Monoplegia Flaccid vs. spastic Upper motor neuron lesion: Spastic diplegia · Spastic paraplegia (Hereditary spastic paraplegia) Lower motor neuron lesion: Flaccid paralysis Specific types Cerebral palsy · Cauda equina syndrome · Locked-in syndrome central nervous system navs: anat/physio/dev, noncongen/congen/neoplasia, symptoms+signs/eponymous, proc

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