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Hanpu (r. 941-960), later Wanyan Hanpu, was a Jurchen leader. He was a leader of the Wanyan clan, which later became rulers of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), which overthrew the Liao Dynasty and ruled Northern China for a significant period. In the Jin Dynasty, Hanpu was recognised as the ancestor and first ruler of the Wanyan clan. After the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, Hanpu was given the temple name Jin Shizu (金始祖), which literally means "first ancestor of Jin".^{[citation needed]}

Contents 1 Background and origin 2 Rise to power and the creation of the Jurchen tribes 3 Death and legacy 4 Family members 4.1 Wife and children 4.2 Siblings 5 Notes 6 See also

[edit] Background and origin

According to the "History of the Jin" (Jinshi 金史), which was compiled in the 1340s under the Yuan Dynasty,^[1] Hanpu (函普) became the "primal ancestor" (始祖) of the Jin royal family after arriving from Goryeo at the age of sixty.^[2] Sources from the Qing Dynasty claim that the Silla royal family was a distant branch of the Jin royal family.^[3] Hanpu was allegedly the sixth-generation ancestor of Wanyan Wugunai (1021-1074), grandfather of Jin founder Aguda.^[4][5] The same story recounted that when Hanpu left, his two brothers remained behind, one in Goryeo and one in the Balhae area.^[4] Historian Frederick W. Mote has called the account of the founding of the Wanyan clan a "tribal legend," but also claimed that Hanpu's two brothers (one who stayed in Goryeo and one in Bohai) might have represented "the tribe's memory of their ancestral links to these two peoples."^[4]

[edit] Rise to power and the creation of the Jurchen tribes

Entering Manchuria at the age of 60, Hanpu discovered that the region was already dominated by the Liao Empire, which was led by the Khitan. He found people of many ethnicities and backgrounds, among which were mainly Malgal. The Liao referred to these people as Jurchen. After resolving a conflict, Hanpu was accepted as a member of the Wanyan tribe, and eventually rose to become its leader. Also as a sign of appreciation from the Wanyan tribal members, Hanpu was married to a sixty-year-old woman, and through this woman, Hanpu saw two sons and a daughter.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Death and legacy

Hanpu died of an unknown cause in 960 and was succeeded by his son Oro (Wulu).

Hanpu's legacy was carried on by his eighth generation descendant, Wanyan Aguda, who founded the Jurchen Jin Dynasty.

When Emperor Xizong of Jin was crowned on 1135, Hanpu was given posthumous name "Emperor Jingyuan" (景元皇帝) and temple name "Emperor Shizu" (始祖). On 1144, Hampo's buried site was named as "Guangling" (光陵).

[edit] Family members

[edit] Wife and children

• Empress Mingyi
  • Wanyan Wulu (eldest son)
  • Wanyan Hulu (son)
  • Wanyan Zhusiban (daughter)

[edit] Siblings

• Agunai (elder brother)
• Baohuoli (younger brother)

[edit] Notes

[edit] See also

• Jurchen Jin Dynasty
• Wanyan Aguda

Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article: Canonical History of Jurchen Jin Dynasty, Volume 1, Early Period

Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article: Canonical History of Jurchen Jin Dynasty, Volume 32, Posthumous Names

Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article: Canonical History of Jurchen Jin Dynasty, Volume 63, Empress

Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article: Canonical History of Jurchen Jin Dynasty, Volume 65, Early Descendants