Harold Prince
Born	Harold Smith Prince January 30, 1928 (1928-01-30) (age 81) New York City, New York, USA
Other name(s)	Hal Prince
Years active	1940s-present
Spouse(s)	Judith Chaplin (1962-present)

Harold Smith Prince (born January 30, 1928) is an American theatrical producer and director associated with many of the best-known Broadway musical productions of the past half-century. He has garnered twenty-one Tony Awards, more than any other individual, including eight for directing, eight for producing the year's Best Musical, two as Best Producer of a Musical, and three special awards. His shows are known for their political context, new approach to romance, and characters who sing and dance with thematic import.

Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Early years 1.2 Career 1.3 Personal life 2 Work 2.1 Stage productions 2.2 Filmography 3 Awards and nominations 4 Bibliography 5 References 6 External links

[edit] Biography

[edit] Early years

Prince was born in New York City to Milton A. Prince, a stockbroker, and Blanche Stern.^[1] He entered the University of Pennsylvania at sixteen, where he followed a liberal arts curriculum, and graduated at age nineteen, and later served two years in the US Army in Germany.^[2]

[edit] Career

Prince began work in the theatre as an assistant stage manager to theatrical producer and director George Abbott. Along with Abbott, he co-produced The Pajama Game, which won the 1955 Tony Award for Best Musical. He went on to direct his own productions in 1962 beginning with A Family Affair and hit a series of unsuccessful productions. He almost gave up the musical theater right before he hit success with Cabaret in 1966. 1970 marked the start of his greatest collaboration, with composer/lyricist Stephen Sondheim. They had previously worked on West Side Story and at this point decided to embark on their own project. Their association spawned a long string of productions, including Company (1970), Follies (1971), A Little Night Music (1973), Pacific Overtures (1976), and Sweeney Todd (1979). After the disappointing Merrily We Roll Along (1981), they did not work together again until Bounce (2003), which proved to be another failure.

Prince also has directed operas, including Ashmedai, Willie Stark, Madame Butterfly, and a revival of Candide. In 1983 Prince staged Turandot for the Vienna State Opera (conductor: Lorin Maazel; with José Carreras, Éva Marton).

He directed two of Andrew Lloyd Webber's successes, Evita and The Phantom of the Opera. He was offered the job of directing Cats by Webber but turned it down.

Despite creating a number of hugely popular musicals in the late 1970s and 1980s such as The Phantom of the Opera, Sweeney Todd, and Evita, Harold Prince also had failures in this period. His first major artistic failure with Stephen Sondheim was in 1981 with Merrily We Roll Along. Determined to bounce back, Prince started working on a new musical A Doll's Life with lyricists Betty Comden and Adolph Green that would be continue the story of Nora Helmer past what Henrik Ibsen had written in A Doll's House. It was as badly received critically as Merrily, mainly because critics blamed him for either picking a bad idea for a musical or repeating himself. Other unpopular musicals of this time include Roza (musical) and Grind which both suffered creative and financial difficulties. Prince himself stopped producing and directing concurrently during this period because the process of financing a show had become so difficult.

Prince was the inspiration for John Lithgow's character in Bob Fosse's film All That Jazz. He was also the basis of a character in Richard Bissell's novel Say, Darling, which chronicled Bissell's own experience turning his novel 7 1/2 Cents into The Pajama Game. Say, Darling also became a musical, with Prince parodied onstage by actor Robert Morse.

He currently serves as president of the National Institute for Musical Theater. On May 20, 2007, he gave the commencement address at Gettysburg College in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Prince is known as the great modern producer and director of the American Broadway Musical. Critics have recognized Prince's work as further developing the “concept musical,” in which the narrative of a show is not necessarily the primary authorial emphasis and instead the production centers on an idea or metaphor that is explored through scenes and songs that do not unfold in a traditional sequential narrative style.

In 2006, Prince was awarded a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre. The Harold Prince Theatre at the Annenberg Center of the University of Pennsylvania is named in his honor.

In the Spring of 2008 Prince was the key note speaker at the Elon University's Convocation for Honors celebration in North Carolina.

[edit] Personal life

Prince married Judy Chaplin, daughter of Saul Chaplin on 26 October 1962. They are parents of director Daisy Prince and conductor Charles Prince.^[2]

[edit] Work

[edit] Stage productions

Tickets, Please! (1950) - assistant stage manager Call Me Madam (1950) - assistant stage manager Wonderful Town (1953) - stage manager The Pajama Game (1954) - co-producer Damn Yankees (1955) - co-producer New Girl in Town (1957) - co-producer West Side Story (1957) - co-producer Fiorello! (1959) - co-producer West Side Story (1960) - co-producer Tenderloin (1960) - co-producer A Call on Kuprin (1961) - producer Take Her, She's Mine (1961) - producer A Family Affair (1962) - director A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962) - producer She Loves Me (1963) - producer, director Fiddler on the Roof (1964) - producer Baker Street (1964) - director Flora, The Red Menace (1965) - producer It's a Bird...It's a Plane...It's Superman (1966) - producer, director Cabaret (1966) - producer, director Zorba (1968) - producer, director Company (1970) - producer, director Follies (1971) - producer, director The Great God Brown (1972) - artistic director Don Juan (1972) - artistic director A Little Night Music (1973) - director, producer Sondheim: A Musical Tribute (1973) - performer The Visit (1973) - director Chemin de Fer (1973) - artistic director Holiday (1973- artistic director

Candide (1974) - producer, director Love for Love (1974) - director The Member of the Wedding (1975) - artistic director The Rules of the Game (1974) - artistic director Pacific Overtures (1976) - producer, director Side by Side by Sondheim (1977) - producer Some of My Best Friends (1977) - director On the Twentieth Century (1978) - director Sweeney Todd (1979) - director Evita (1979) - director Merrily We Roll Along (1981) - director Willie Stark (1981) - director A Doll's Life (1982) - producer, director Play Memory (1984) - director Grind (1985) - producer Roza (musical) (1987) - director Cabaret (1987) - director The Phantom of the Opera (1986) - director Grandchild Of Kings (1991) - adaptation (from the stories of Sean O'Casey) director Kiss of the Spider Woman (1993) - director Show Boat (1994) - director The Petrified Prince (1994) - director Candide (1997) - director Parade (1998) - director, co-conceiver 3hree) - 2000) - supervisor, director (The Flight of the Lawnchair Man) Hollywood Arms) - 2002) - producer, director Bounce (2003) - director Lovemusik (2007) - director

[edit] Filmography

• Something for Everyone (1970) - director
• A Little Night Music (1977) - director

[edit] Awards and nominations

[edit] Bibliography

• Prince, Harold, Contradictions: Notes on twenty-six years in the theatre, Dodd, Mead ISBN 0396070191 (1974 autobiography)
• Prince, Harold (1993), Grandchild of Kings, Samuel French,
• Hirsch, Foster (1989, rev 2005), Harold Prince and the American Musical Theatre, Applause Books, (with Prince providing extensive interviews and the foreword)
• Ilson, Carol (1989), Harold Prince: From Pajama Game To Phantom of the Opera And Beyond, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0835719618
• Ilson, Carol (2000), Harold Prince: A Director's Journey, Limelight Editions,
• Napoleon, Davi, Chelsea on the Edge: The Adventures of an American Theater, Iowa State University Press, (Includes a preface by Prince and a full chapter about the production of Candide.) .
• Brunet, Daniel; Angel Esquivel Rios, Miguel; and Geraths, Armin (2006), Creating the "New Musical": Harold Prince in Berlin, Peter Lang Publishing,
• Thelen, Lawrence (1999), The Show Makers: Great Directors of the American Musical Theatre, Routledge,
• Guernsey, Otis L. (Editor) (1985), Broadway Song and Story: Playwrights/Lyricists/Composers Discuss Their Hits, Dodd Mead,

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Harold Prince at the Internet Broadway Database
• Harold Prince at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
• Harold Prince at the Internet Movie Database
• Harold Prince Downstage Center interview at American Theatre Wing.org, May 2008

v • d • e Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director Jack Landau (1955) · José Quintero (1956) · William Ball (1959) · Ulu Grosbard (1965) · Joseph Hardy (1967) · Robert Moore / Tom O'Horgan (1968) · Tom O'Horgan / Neal Kenyon / Alan Arkin / Michael Schultz / Gordon Davidson / Edwin Sherin (1969) · Jerzy Grotowski / Alan Arkin / Ron Field / Joseph Hardy / Harold Prince (1970) · Robert Wilson / Andre Gregory / Peter Brook / Michael Bennett / Harold Prince / Tom O'Horgan / Paul Sills (1971) · Mel Shapiro / Andrei Serban / Peter Hall / Jeff Bleckner / A. J. Antoon / Mel Shapiro (1972) · Victor Garcia / Joseph Chaikin / Roberta Sklar / Harold Prince / Bob Fosse / Michael Rudman / Harold Prince (1973) · José Quintero / Harold Prince / Frank Dunlop / Marvin Felix Camillo / Harold Prince (1974)

v • d • e Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical Arthur Laurents (1975) · Michael Bennett (1976) · Martin Charnin (1977) · Peter Masterson / Tommy Tune / Stephen Schwartz (1978) · Harold Prince (1979) · Harold Prince (1980) · Wilford Leach (1981) · Tommy Tune (1982) · George Abbott (1983) · James Lapine (1984) · Wilford Leach (1986) · Mike Ockrent (1987) · Harold Prince (1988) · Tommy Tune (1990) · Scott Ellis (1991) · Jerry Zaks (1992) · Des McAnuff (1993) · Nicholas Hytner (1994) · Harold Prince (1995) · Christopher Renshaw (1996) · Walter Bobbie (1997) · Julie Taymor (1998) · Matthew Bourne (1999) · Michael Blakemore (2000) · Susan Stroman (2001) · Michael Mayer (2002) · Jack O'Brien (2003) · Joe Mantello (2004) · James Lapine (2005) · John Doyle (2006) · Michael Mayer (2007) · Bartlett Sher (2008) · Stephen Daldry (2009)

v • d • e Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical Joshua Logan (1950) · George S. Kaufman (1951) · Moss Hart (1957) · George Abbott (1960) · Gower Champion (1961) · Abe Burrows (1962) · George Abbott (1963) · Gower Champion (1964) · Jerome Robbins (1965) · Albert Marre (1966) · Harold Prince (1967) · Gower Champion (1968) · Peter H. Hunt (1969) · Ron Field (1970) · Harold Prince (1971) · Harold Prince / Michael Bennett (1972) · Bob Fosse (1973) · Harold Prince (1974) · Geoffrey Holder (1975) Complete list: (1950-1975) · (1976-2000) · (2001-present)

v • d • e Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical Michael Bennett (1976) · Gene Saks (1977) · Richard Maltby, Jr. (1978) · Harold Prince (1979) · Harold Prince (1980) · Wilford Leach (1981) · Tommy Tune (1982) · Trevor Nunn (1983) · Arthur Laurents (1984) · Des McAnuff (1985) · Wilford Leach (1986) · Trevor Nunn / John Caird (1987) · Harold Prince (1988) · Jerome Robbins (1989) · Tommy Tune (1990) · Tommy Tune (1991) · Jerry Zaks (1992) · Des McAnuff (1993) · Nicholas Hytner (1994) · Harold Prince (1995) · George C. Wolfe (1996) · Walter Bobbie (1997) · Julie Taymor (1998) · Matthew Bourne (1999) · Michael Blakemore (2000) Complete list: (1947-1975) · (1976-2000) · (2001-present)