guanylate cyclase 2C (heat stable enterotoxin receptor)
Identifiers
Symbol	GUCY2C
Alt. symbols	GUC2C
Entrez	2984
HUGO	4688
OMIM	601330
RefSeq	NM_004963
UniProt	P25092
Other data
EC number	4.6.1.2
Locus	Chr. 12 p12

Guanylyl cyclase c, or GC-C, is an enzyme found only in the luminal aspect of intestinal epithelium. The receptor has an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a single transmembrane region, a region with sequence similar to that of protein kinases, and a C-terminal guanylyl cyclase domain. Tyrosine kinase activity mediates the GC-C signaling pathway within the cell.

Contents 1 Functions 2 Diagnostic application 3 See also 4 External links

[edit] Functions

GC-C is a key receptor for heat-stable enterotoxins which are responsible for acute secretory diarrhea. Heat-stable enterotoxins are produced by pathogens such as Escherichia coli. Knockout mice deficient in the GC-C gene do not show secretory diarrhea on infection with E. coli, though they do with cholera toxin. This demonstrates the specificity of the GC-C receptor.

[edit] Diagnostic application

Because GC-C is tissue-specific for intestinal epithelium, it can be used for exceedingly precise detection of metastatic disease. The presence of GC-C mRNA can be detected at a rate of a single cancer cell out of 10,000,000 normal cells. This is the most precise staging tool available.

[edit] See also

• guanylate cyclase

[edit] External links

• GCC testing for colorectal cancer staging
• GC-C knock-out mice
• MeSH guanyl+cyclase-C+receptor

v • d • e Phosphorus-oxygen lyases (EC 4.6) 4.6.1 Adenylate cyclase intracellular: ADCY1 · ADCY2 · ADCY3 · ADCY4 · ADCY5 · ADCY6 · ADCY7 · ADCY8 · ADCY9 · ADCY10 Extracellular adenylate cyclase Guanylate cyclase soluble: GUCY1A2 · GUCY1A3 · GUCY1B2 · GUCY1B3 membrane-bound: Guanylyl cyclase c/GUCY2C · GUCY2D Other Cytidylate cyclase · 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase · Phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase · Glycosylphosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase · FAD-AMP lyase (cyclizing)