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Grylloblattodea; Fossil range: Triassic–Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia;
Phylum:	Arthropoda;
Class:	Insecta;
Subclass:	Pterygota;
Infraclass:	Neoptera;
Superorder:	Exopterygota;
Order:	Notoptera;
Suborder:	Grylloblattodea;
Family:	Grylloblattidae; E. M. Walker, 1914
Genera
	Galloisiana; Grylloblatta; Grylloblattella; Grylloblattina; Namkungia

Grylloblattodea is a small suborder of extremophile and wingless insects that live in the cold on top of mountains, consisting of a single family, Grylloblattidae. They are commonly called grylloblattids, but are also sometimes called ice crawlers or icebugs. Their appearance evidently puzzled the scientist who discovered them; the first species named was Grylloblatta campodeiformis, which means "cricket-cockroach shaped like a Campodea" (a kind of two-pronged bristletail). Most are nocturnal and appear to feed on detritus. They have long antennae (23–45 segments) and long cerci (5–8 segments), but no wings. Their closest living relatives are the recently-discovered Mantophasmatodea.^[2]

This suborder includes a single family with 5 genera and 25 species; it has traditionally been considered an order, but the most recent classification^[3] relegates the group to a suborder within the order Notoptera.

[edit] References

^ Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. (1998). Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity, 2nd ed.. Oxford University Press. pp. 320. ISBN 0-19-510033-6.
^ Cameron, Stephen L.; Barker, Stephen C. & Whiting, Michael F. (2006): Mitochondrial genomics and the new insect order Mantophasmatodea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38: 274–279. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.020 (HTML abstract)
^ Arillo, A. & M. Engel (2006) Rock Crawlers in Baltic Amber (Notoptera: Mantophasmatodea). American Museum Novitates 3539:1-10[1]

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[IIBD-0] Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. (1998). Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity, 2nd ed.. Oxford University Press. pp. 320. ISBN 0-19-510033-6.

[1] Cameron, Stephen L.; Barker, Stephen C. & Whiting, Michael F. (2006): Mitochondrial genomics and the new insect order Mantophasmatodea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38: 274–279. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.020 (HTML abstract)

[2] Arillo, A. & M. Engel (2006) Rock Crawlers in Baltic Amber (Notoptera: Mantophasmatodea). American Museum Novitates 3539:1-10[1]

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