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For other uses, see Gilligan's Island (disambiguation).
Gilligan's Island is an American television situation comedy originally produced by United Artists Television. It aired for three seasons on the CBS network, from September 26, 1964 to September 4, 1967. It was originally sponsored by Philip Morris & Company and Procter & Gamble. The show followed the comic adventures of seven castaways as they attempted to survive and ultimately escape from a previously uninhabited island where they were shipwrecked. In 2002, Gilligan's Island came back as a reality show, similar to Survivor, in which seven contestants were shipwrecked on an island. They then had to re-create the original Gilligan's Island sitcom with costumes and props. Gilligan's Island ran for a total of 98 episodes. The first season (consisting of 36 episodes) was filmed in black-and-white, though colorized in later syndication. However, the next two seasons (62 episodes) and three television movie sequels were filmed in color. Enjoying solid ratings during its original run, the show grew in popularity during decades of syndication. Today, the title character of Gilligan is widely recognized as a comedic American popular culture icon.
[edit] PremiseThe two-man crew of the charter boat S. S. Minnow and five passengers on a "three-hour tour" run into a tropical storm and are shipwrecked on an uncharted, uninhabited island somewhere in the Pacific Ocean. The episode "The Pigeon" places the island approximately 300 miles (480 km) southeast of Hawaii, while the episode "X Marks the Spot" gives a location near 140° longitude, 10° latitude, which puts it about 1,200 miles (1,900 km) to the southeast. In the episode "Big Man On a Little Stick," however, the Professor gives the position as "approximately 110° longitude and 10° latitude". Executive producer Sherwood Schwartz believed in avoiding exposition, and so he composed the sea shanty-style theme song, "The Ballad of Gilligan's Isle," as a capsule summary of the castaways' predicament. This was done so that first-time viewers would instantly understand the premise (studio executives were reportedly afraid that viewers would be confused about the show's concept without some form of explanation). He took the same approach with the themes to The Brady Bunch and It's About Time. [edit] Cast
[edit] EpisodesMain article: List of Gilligan's Island episodes [edit] Pilot vs. first broadcast episodeThe pilot episode was not broadcast, because of casting changes and restructuring of characters. In the pilot, the part of the Professor was played by John Gabriel. Instead of the movie star and the Kansas farm girl, the pilot had two secretaries: Ginger, a practical redhead played by Kit Smythe, and Bunny, portrayed by Nancy McCarthy as a cheerful, stereotypical "dumb blonde." The pilot had a different theme song, by the young not-yet-famous John Williams, with a Calypso beat and singer and a slightly longer opening credits, including brief shots of Gilligan carrying the Howells' luggage to the boat, and spilling coffee on the Skipper during the storm. The episode proper begins with the castaways waking up on the beached boat, and deals mostly with practical problems: exploring the island, trying to fix the transmitter, building huts and finding food. Contrary to some descriptions, there are no detailed accounts of the characters' backgrounds. The first episode actually broadcast, "Two on a Raft," is sometimes wrongly referred to as the series pilot. This episode begins with the same scene of Gilligan and the Skipper awakening on the boat as in the pilot (cut slightly differently to eliminate most shots of the departed actors), and continues with the characters sitting on the beach, listening to a radio news report about their disappearance. There is no equivalent scene or background information in the pilot, except for the description of the passengers in the original theme song. Rather than re-shooting the rest of the pilot story for broadcast, the show just proceeded on. The plot thus skips over the topics of the pilot; the bulk of the episode tells of Gilligan and the Skipper setting off on a raft to try to bring help, but unknowingly landing back on the other side of the same island. The scene with the radio report is one of two scenes that reveal the names of the Skipper (Jonas Grumby) and the Professor (Roy Hinkley); the names are used in a similar radio report early in the series. The name Jonas Grumby appears nowhere else in the series except for an episode in which the Maritime Board of Review blames the Skipper for the loss of the ship. The name Roy Hinkley is used one other time when Mr. Howell introduces the Professor as Roy Huntley and the professor corrects him, to which Mr. Howell replies, "Brinkley, Brinkley." The plot for the pilot episode would eventually be recycled into that season's Christmas episode, "Birds Gotta Fly, Fish Gotta Talk," in which the story of the pilot episode, concerning the practical problems on landing, is related through a series of flashbacks. Some of the scenes from the pilot were re-shot using the current actors, while other scenes including only Denver, Hale, Backus, and Schafer were simply reused. [edit] Last episodeThe last episode of the show, "Gilligan the Goddess," aired on April 17, 1967, and ended just like the rest, with the castaways still stranded on the island. It was not known at the time that it was the last episode, as a fourth season was expected, but never happened.[3] In its last year Gilligan's Island was the lead-in program for the CBS Monday night schedule. It was followed for the first sixteen weeks by the sitcom Run, Buddy, Run. The time slot from 7:30 to 8:30 Eastern was filled in the 1967-1968 season by Gunsmoke, moved from its traditional Saturday 10 p.m. time slot. [edit] Typical plotsThe shipwrecked castaways want to leave the remote island and various opportunities present themselves. They typically fail owing to some bumbling error committed by Gilligan. Sometimes this would result in his saving the others from some unforeseen flaw in their plan, as in the episode "Splashdown," wherein an unmanned space capsule with sensitive technology lands in the lagoon, Gilligan allows the other castaways to talk over him, failing to tell them in time that the capsule is floating away. As the group yells at Gilligan for his "error," the capsule is blown up by NASA by remote control. Another example is in episode "Goodbye Island"; while looking for tree sap for Mary Ann's pancakes, Gilligan discovers a very strong gluelike material that the Professor believes, because it is strong and waterproof, is permanent, and therefore can be used to repair the damage to the Minnow. However, Gilligan later discovers that the substance is not permanent at all; when the crew do not heed his warnings, the boat starts to break apart humorously until it is completely destroyed. Despite this, the ship was still prominently presented in the opening titles for the rest of the series' run. One episode ("The Big Gold Strike") in which the castaways discover a rich vein of gold on the island, is notable in that Gilligan is not responsible for the failed escape: the other castaways, having agreed to leave the gold behind, each smuggle bags of gold onto a makeshift raft; the combined weight of all the gold sinks the raft to the bottom of the lagoon. Gilligan is the only one who does not smuggle any gold, and points out the irony of the situation. When the castaways are kidnapped and taken to a mad scientist's laboratory in the episode "The Friendly Physician", they succeed in leaving the island and reaching another piece of dry land for the only time in the series. The scientist returns for another episode. Recurring elements centered on one of three primary themes. The first deals with life on the island. A running gag is the castaways' ability to fashion a vast array of useful objects from bamboo and other local material. Some were simple everyday things, while others were stretches of the imagination. Russell Johnson noted in his autobiography that the production crew enjoyed the challenge of building these props. Some bamboo items included framed huts with thatched grass sides and roofs, along with bamboo closets strong enough to withstand hurricane-force winds and rain; the communal dining table and chairs, pipes for Gilligan's hot water, a stethoscope, and a pedal-powered car. Naturally, despite their obvious skill and inventiveness, the castaways never quite managed to put together a functional raft out of bamboo, although in the television movie Rescue from Gilligan's Island they do end up tying their 3 huts together and using that as a raft for escape. The second theme involves visitors to the "uncharted" island. One challenge to a viewer's suspension of disbelief is the frequency with which the castaways are visited by people who do nothing to assist them. Some have hidden motives for not assisting the castaways. Others are simply unable to help, incompetent, or are prevented from sending messages by Gilligan. Bob Denver, Jim Backus, and Tina Louise each had feature episodes in which look-alikes come to the island (who were, of course, played by themselves in dual roles). The island itself is also home to an unusual assortment of animal life, some native, some visiting. The third recurring theme is the use of dream sequences in which one of the castaways "dreams" he or she is some character related to that week's storyline. For example, after being bitten by a bat, Gilligan dreams he is Dracula. All of the castaways would appear as other characters within the dream, as was done in The Wizard of Oz. The only exception is in Mr. Howell's dream in the episode "The Sweepstakes," in which Mrs. Howell is not present. In later interviews and memoirs, almost all of the actors stated that the dream episodes were among their personal favorites. [edit] The island's characteristicsGilligan's Island is not intended to depict a particular locale, but is a backdrop for plots. Variously, the island has caves, a volcano (in episode "Operation: Steam Heat"), and a gold mine (in episode "The Big Gold Strike"). The lagoon is a regular feature, pragmatically, on account of it being an available studio location.[citation needed] For live action filming, the lagoon substitutes for a seashore. It is home to a number of fictitious plants and animals, such as the wasubi berry (in episode "Agonized Labor") and the mantis khani (in episode "Gilligan Gets Bugged"). Some, such as a chimpanzee and a gorilla, are African and therefore out of place in the South Pacific. The island, which is said to be uncharted, is not named in the series. In "The Little Dictator" episode, President Rodríguez, a deposed dictator from the fictional South American nation of Ecuarico, asks the name of the island. Mr. Howell says that "Howell Hills" has been suggested. Rodriguez declares the island will be called "Ecuarico West." In Rescue from Gilligan's Island it is stated that the island was a base of operations for the Army Air Corps during the Second World War. [edit] Theme songThe music and lyrics for the theme song, "The Ballad of Gilligan’s Isle," were written by Sherwood Schwartz and George Wyle. One version was used for the first season and another for the second and third. In the original song, the Professor and Mary Ann were referred to as "and the rest." Actors Russell Johnson and Dawn Wells were originally considered "second-billed co-stars," but with the growing popularity of their characters, their names were inserted into the lyrics.[4][5][6] Wells has stated that it was Denver who went to the studio executives to get them added to the opening credits.[7] The studio originally refused, stating that it would cost too much to re-shoot and re-score the opening. Denver pointed out that it was in his contract that he could have his name anywhere he wanted in the credits, so they could move it to the end credits along with Johnson and Wells. The studio capitulated. Wells said that Denver never mentioned this to anyone in the cast, and she did not find out about it until years after the show ended. The first season version was recorded by The Wellingtons and had a folk music sound. It starts with an acoustic guitar strumming for two bars before the lyrics start. The instrumentation, which includes a slide guitar, is subdued and very Hawaiian-sounding. The later version was not credited to a particular group in the credits, but according to Russell Johnson in his book Here on Gilligan's Isle, it was performed by a group called The Eligibles. It begins with a mini-fanfare, and has a more traditional pop music sound but with spaghetti western-like underpinnings. The instrumentation is much more prominent in this version, and it does not have any slide guitar. The show's original pilot episode featured a calypso theme song by John Williams with different lyrics. Notably, the original length of the voyage was "a six-hour ride", not "a three-hour tour".[8] John Williams (or Johnny Williams as he was often listed in the show credits), also composed the incidental music for the show and is most famous for having gone on to score such blockbuster films as Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Raiders of the Lost Ark and all of the Star Wars films. The band Little Roger and the Goosebumps recorded a parody of Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven", substituting the words to the Gilligan's Island theme song. "Weird Al" Yankovic used the lyrics from the closing theme in "Amish Paradise," a parody of Coolio's "Gangsta's Paradise." The song has also been covered by many bands, most notably Bowling for Soup for the TBS show The Real Gilligan's Island. [edit] ProductionFilming of the show took place at the CBS's Radford Studios complex in Studio City, California.[9] The same stage would later be used by The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Roseanne (which featured Gilligan's Island prominently on one episode). The lagoon was drained and used as a parking lot during the show's off-season, and was the last surviving element of the show when it was demolished in 1997 as part of an expansion project. Cave scenes were shot in Newport Beach, California, across from the southern tip of the Balboa Peninsula, in a park just off Ocean Boulevard. The rock jetties at the entrance of Newport Bay can be seen during the opening theme during the line "A 3-Hour Tour" as the Minnow heads out to sea. Four different boats played the part of the S.S. Minnow. One was used in the opening credits and rented in Ala Wai Yacht Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. Another boat, the Bluejacket, was used in the opening credits shown during the second and third season, and eventually turned up for sale on Vancouver Island in August 2006, after running aground on a reef in the Hecate Strait on the way south from Alaska. One boat was used for beach scenes after being towed to Kauai in Hawaii. The fourth Minnow was built on the CBS Studios set in the second season.[10] The Minnow got its name in an ironic joke. It was named for Newton Minow, chairman of the U.S. FCC, who was most famous for describing television as "a vast wasteland".[11] According to Here on Gilligan's Isle by Russell Johnson and Steve Cox, many shots from the first season opening credits were filmed the week after the November 22, 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy. A clue to this is a panned shot early in the sequence in which an American flag is clearly at half staff. [edit] CancellationUnder pressure from the network president, William S. Paley and his wife Babe, as well as many network affiliates and longtime fans of Gunsmoke (which had been airing late on Saturday nights), to reverse its threatened cancellation, CBS rescheduled the Western to an earlier time slot on Monday evenings as a favor to Babe Paley. This had been Gilligan's Island's timeslot in its third season. (The show ran on Saturdays in its debut season, before moving to Thursdays in season two.) Though Gilligan's Island's ratings had slumped from 24.7 (18th) to 22.1 (22nd) out of the top 25 (possibly as the result of two timeslot shifts in two years), the series was still profitable. Nevertheless, it was cancelled at practically the last minute even though the cast members were all on vacation. Some of the cast had bought houses based on Sherwood Schwartz's news of verbal confirmation that the series would be renewed for a fourth season.[12] [edit] Reunion films, clones and spin-offsThe success of Gilligan's Island spawned a number of clones and spin-offs:
[edit] Television and video distributionUnited Artists Television originally produced the series (in association with Phil Silvers's Gladysya Productions and CBS) and subsequently distributed it in syndication. UATV became MGM/UA Television in 1981 after United Artists merged with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In 1986, Turner Broadcasting System attempted to purchase MGM/UA, but after amassing huge debt, sold most of the acquisition back, but kept the company's considerable library. This library, which would be managed by Turner Entertainment included the pre-1986 MGM film and television library, the pre-1950[13][14] Warner Bros. films and short subjects, and US rights to much of the RKO Pictures library — in addition to this series. Some years later, after Turner merged with Time Warner, Warner Bros. Television became responsible for the show's distribution, and continues to do so today. The Silvers estate (successor-in-interest to Gladysya) retained its share of ownership (both Turner and the Silvers family now share the show's copyright). The entire series has been released on DVD through corporate sibling Warner Home Video, and online via AOL's IN2TV service. The program is virtually unknown in the United Kingdom — only thirteen episodes were ever shown there. [edit] DVD releasesWarner Home Video released all three seasons of Gilligan's Island on DVD in Region 1 between 2004-2005. The releases feature commentary by creator Sherwood Schwartz and cast members as well as trivia and featurettes. Warner Home Video has also released a Complete Series Box Set, gathering the individual seasons together in one package.
[edit] Film remakeRights to the series were purchased, with an eye towards creating a movie scheduled for a July 2011 release.[15] When Sherwood Schwartz, creator of Gilligan's Island, signed a deal giving all rights to the movie, he reportedly said, "[It] just happened in the last 48 hours. I can’t take this much excitement at my age." Sherwood Schwartz also said he would love to see Michael Cera as Gilligan and Beyoncé Knowles as Ginger.[16] There is a small chance that Russell Johnson, Tina Louise, or Dawn Wells will make an appearance.[citation needed] [edit] Ginger or Mary Ann?
The question of which one men prefer, and to a lesser extent, whom women view themselves to be more like, has endured long after the end of the series.[17][18] It has inspired videos, essays,[19] a 1993 Budweiser beer commercial,[20] and even the occasional sermon.[21] By most accounts, the wholesome, low-maintenance Mary Ann has consistently outpolled the glamorous but demanding Ginger since the very beginning.[17][18] [edit] Notes
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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