Gammaproteobacteria
Vibrio cholerae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Orders
Enterobacteriales Vibrionales Pseudomonadales Legionellales Pasteurellales

Gammaproteobacteria is a class of several medically and scientifically important groups of bacteria, such as the Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli), Vibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. An exceeding number of important pathogens belongs to this class, e.g. Salmonella (enteritis and typhoid fever), Yersinia (plague), Vibrio (cholera), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lung infections in hospitalised or cystic fibrosis patients).

Contents 1 Significance 2 Families 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

[edit] Significance

The Gammaproteobacteria comprise several medically and scientifically important groups of bacteria, such as the Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. A number of important pathogens belongs to this class, e.g. Salmonella spp. (enteritis and typhoid fever), Yersinia pestis (plague), Vibrio cholerae (cholera), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lung infections in hospitalized or cystic fibrosis patients), and Escherichia coli (food poisoning). Members of Chromatium are photosynthetic and oxidize Hydrogen Sulfide instead of water producing sulfer as excrement. Some Gammaproteobacteria are methane oxidizers and many of them are in symbiosis with geothermic ocean vent dwelling animals.^[1]

[edit] Families

• Acidithiobacillaceae
• Aeromonadaceae
• Alcanivoraceae
• Alteromonadaceae
• Cardiobacteriaceae
• Chromatiaceae
• Coxiellaceae
• Ectothiorhodospiraceae
• Enterobacteriaceae
• Francisellaceae
• Halomonadaceae
• Legionellaceae
• Methylococcaceae
• Moraxellaceae
• Oceanospirillaceae
• Pasteurellaceae
• Piscirickettsiaceae
• Pseudomonadaceae
• Succinivibrionaceae
• Thiotrichaceae
• Vibrionaceae
• Xanthomonadaceae

[edit] See also

• Proteobacteria

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• MeSH Gammaproteobacteria

v • d • e Prokaryotes: Bacteria classification Domain: Archaea – Bacteria – Eukaryota G-/ OM Terra-/Glidobacteria Eobacteria (Chloroflexi, Deinococcus-Thermus) · Cyanobacteria Gracilicutes Proteobacteria Alpha · Beta · Gamma/Enterobacteriaceae (Salmonella, Vibrio, Shigella) · Delta · Epsilon (Campylobacter) / Aquificae (Aquifex) Planctobacteria Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia · Planctomycetes Sphingobacteria Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi · Fibrobacteres Other Spirochaetes Eurybacteria Fusobacteria · Thermotogae Other/ungrouped Acidobacteria · Chrysiogenetes · Deferribacteres · Gemmatimonadetes · Nitrospirae · Synergistetes · Thermodesulfobacteria · Dictyoglomi G+/ no OM Actinobacteria Actinobacteridae Actinomycetales Actinomycineae: Actinomycetaceae (Actinomyces, Mobiluncus) Corynebacterineae: Mycobacteriaceae · Nocardiaceae · Corynebacteriaceae Frankineae: Frankiaceae Micrococcineae: Brevibacteriaceae Bifidobacteriales Bifidobacteriaceae (Bifidobacterium, Falcivibrio, Gardnerella) Other subclasses Acidimicrobidae · Coriobacteridae · Rubrobacteridae · Sphaerobacteridae Firmicutes Bacilli Bacillales: Bacillaceae (Bacillus) · Listeriaceae (Listeria) · Staphylococcaceae (Staphylococcus, Gemella, Jeotgalicoccus) Lactobacillales: Enterococcaceae (Enterococcus) · Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus, Pediococcus) · Leuconostocaceae (Leuconostoc) · Streptococcaceae (Lactococcus, Streptococcus) Clostridia Clostridiales (Clostridium, Peptostreptococcus, Selenomonas) · Halanaerobiales · Thermoanaerobacterales Tenericutes/ Mollicutes Mycoplasmatales (Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma) · Entomoplasmatales (Spiroplasma) · Anaeroplasmatales (Erysipelothrix) · Acholeplasmatales (Acholeplasma) · Haloplasmatales (Haloplasma) note: not all classifications are universally accepted

v • d • e Infectious diseases · Bacterial diseases: Proteobacterial G- (primarily A00–A79, 001–041, 080–109) α Rickettsiales Rickettsiaceae/ (Rickettsioses) Typhus Rickettsia typhi (Murine typhus) · Rickettsia prowazekii (Epidemic typhus) Spotted fever Tick-borne disease Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) · Rickettsia conorii (Boutonneuse fever) Other Rickettsia akari (Rickettsialpox) · Orientia tsutsugamushi (Scrub typhus) Anaplasmataceae Ehrlichiosis: Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Human granulocytic anaplasmosis, Anaplasmosis) · Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Human monocytic ehrlichiosis) · Ehrlichia ewingii (Human ewingii ehrlichiosis) Rhizobiales Brucellaceae Brucella abortus (Brucellosis) Bartonellaceae Bartonellosis: Bartonella henselae (Cat-scratch disease) · Bartonella quintana (Trench fever) · either henselae or quintana (Bacillary angiomatosis) · Bartonella bacilliformis (Carrion's disease) β Neisseriales M+ Neisseria meningitidis/meningococcus (Meningococcal disease, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) M- Neisseria gonorrhoeae/gonococcus (Gonorrhea) ungrouped: Eikenella corrodens/Kingella kingae (HACEK) Burkholderiales Burkholderia pseudomallei (Melioidosis) · Burkholderia mallei (Glanders) · Burkholderia cepacia complex · Bordetella pertussis/Bordetella parapertussis (Pertussis) γ Enterobacteriales (OX-) Lac+ Klebsiella pneumoniae (Rhinoscleroma, Klebsiella pneumonia) · Klebsiella granulomatis (Granuloma inguinale) · Klebsiella oxytoca Escherichia coli: Enterotoxigenic · Enteroinvasive · O157:H7/Enterohemorrhagic (Hemolytic-uremic syndrome) Enterobacter aerogenes/Enterobacter cloacae Slow/weak Serratia marcescens (Serratia infection) · Citrobacter Lac- H2S+ Salmonella enterica (Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, Salmonellosis) H2S- Shigella dysenteriae/sonnei/flexneri/boydii (Shigellosis, Bacillary dysentery) · Proteus mirabilis/Proteus vulgaris · Yersinia pestis (Plague/Bubonic plague) · Yersinia enterocolitica · Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Pasteurellales Haemophilus: H. influenzae (Haemophilus meningitis, Brazilian purpuric fever) · H. ducreyi (Chancroid) H. parainfluenzae (HACEK) Pasteurella multocida (Pasteurellosis) · Actinobacillus (Actinobacillosis) Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (HACEK) Legionellales Legionella pneumophila/Legionella longbeachae (Legionellosis) · Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) Thiotrichales Francisella tularensis (Tularemia) Vibrionales Vibrio cholerae (Cholera) · Vibrio vulnificus · Vibrio parahaemolyticus · Vibrio alginolyticus · Plesiomonas shigelloides Pseudomonadales Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas infection) · Moraxella catarrhalis · Acinetobacter baumannii Xanthomonadales Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Cardiobacteriales Cardiobacterium hominis (HACEK) ε Campylobacterales Campylobacter jejuni (Campylobacteriosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome) · Helicobacter pylori (Peptic ulcer, MALT lymphoma)