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Finno-Permic Finnic
Geographic; distribution:	Northern Fennoscandia, Baltic states, Southwestern, Southeastern, and Ural region of Russia
Genetic; classification:	Uralic; Finno-Ugric; Finno-Permic
Subdivisions:	Permic Finno-Volgaic
ISO 639-2 and 639-5:	fiu

The Finno-Permic languages (also Finno-Permian) are a subgrouping of the Uralic languages that comprises the Baltic-Finnic languages, Sami languages, Mordvinic languages, Mari language, Permic languages, and likely a number of extinct languages. In the traditional taxonomy of the Uralic languages, Finno-Permic is estimated to have split from Finno-Ugric around 2500 - 3000 BC, and branched into Permic languages and Finno-Volgaic languages around 2000 BC. ^[1] Nowadays the validity of the group as a taxonomical entity is questioned.^[2]

The term Finnic languages has often been used to designate all the Finno-Permic languages,^[3]^[4] based on an earlier belief that Permic languages would be much more closer related to the Baltic Finnic languages than to the Ugric languages.^[1] (In Finnish scholarly usage Finnic most often refers to the Baltic-Finnic languages alone. ^[5])

Interpretation of grouping the Finnic/Finno-Permic languages can vary among different scholars, though all variations treat Permic as a primary division. The following proposals for classification are listed by Ruhlen (1987) ^[6] and by Angela Marcantonio in 2002: ^[7]

Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Collinder, 1965	Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Austerlitz 1968	Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Sauvageot & Menges 1973	Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Harms 1974	Finnic/Finno-Permic languages by Vogelin & Vogelin 1977
1.Mordvin 2.Mari (Cheremis) 3.Baltic Finnic 4.Saamic 5.Permic	1.Permic 2.Volgaic 3.North Finnic Saamic Baltic Finnic	1. Baltic Finnic 2. Saamic 3. Volgaic 4. Permic	1. Permic 2. Mari (Cheremis) 3. West Finnic Mordvin North Finnic Saamic Baltic Finnic	1. Permic 2. Finno Volgaic Volgaic Finno-Lappic Saamic Baltic Finnic

[edit] Notes

^ ^a ^b The Finno-Ugric republics and the Russian state By Rein Taagepera; ISBN 0415919770 p.32-33
^ Salminen, Tapani (2002): Problems in the taxonomy of the Uralic languages in the light of modern comparative studies
^ A Guide to the World's Languages: Classification By Merritt Ruhlen, p 69
^ Finno-Ugric languages at concise.britannica
^ See The Finnic languages by Johanna Laakso in The Circum-Baltic languages: typology and contact, p. 180.
^ Merritt Ruhlen (1987) "A Guide to the World's Languages: Volume I, Classification", Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-1250-6, p. 69
^ The Uralic Language Family: Facts, Myths and Statistics; By Angela Marcantonio; p57; ISBN 0631231706

[edit] References

Abondolo, Daniel (ed., 1998), The Uralic Languages, London and New York, ISBN 0-415-08198-X.

[FUrep-0] The Finno-Ugric republics and the Russian state By Rein Taagepera; ISBN 0415919770 p.32-33

[1] Salminen, Tapani (2002): Problems in the taxonomy of the Uralic languages in the light of modern comparative studies

[2] A Guide to the World's Languages: Classification By Merritt Ruhlen, p 69

[3] Finno-Ugric languages at concise.britannica

[4] See The Finnic languages by Johanna Laakso in The Circum-Baltic languages: typology and contact, p. 180.

[5] Merritt Ruhlen (1987) "A Guide to the World's Languages: Volume I, Classification", Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-1250-6, p. 69

[6] The Uralic Language Family: Facts, Myths and Statistics; By Angela Marcantonio; p57; ISBN 0631231706

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