English: The oldest known flag of Morocco, is shown in the Libro de Conoscimiento de Todos los Reynos. This flag is supposed to have been used by the rulers in Morocco in XI-XIIIth century. The flag is red with a 64-square chessboard placed in the middle of the flag. The upper left square of the chessboard is white. Red might refer to the Fatimids, white to the Umayyads and black to the Abasids, who had established a protectorate over Kairuan and Fes.