Federal subjects of Russia Information & Federal subjects of Russia Links at HealthHaven.com

Russia is a federation that consists of 83 subjects.^[1] These subjects are of equal federal rights in the sense that they have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council (upper house of the Federal Assembly of Russia). However, they do differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy. Autonomous okrugs, while federal subjects in their own right, are, at the same time, considered to be administrative divisions of other federal subjects (with Chukotka Autonomous Okrug being the only exception).

[edit] Types of federal subjects of Russia

Each subject of the federation belongs to one of the following categories:

	21 republics (республики, sing. республика; respubliki, sing. respublika)—nominally autonomous, each has its own constitution, president and parliament; is represented by the federal government in international affairs; and is meant to be home to a specific ethnic minority.
	46 oblasts (provinces) (области, sing. область; oblasti, sing. oblast)—most common, regular administrative units with federally appointed governor and locally elected legislature. Commonly named after the oblast center—the largest city in the oblast, its administrative center.
	9 krais (territories) (края, sing. край; kraya, sing. krai or kray, the latter being less common)—essentially the same as oblasts. The title "territory" is historic, originally given because they were once considered frontier regions.
	1 autonomous oblast (autonomous province) (автономная область; avtonomnaya oblast) (The Jewish Autonomous Oblast)
	4 autonomous okrugs (autonomous districts) (автономные округа, sing. автономный округ; avtonomnyye okruga, sing. avtonomny okrug)—more autonomous than oblasts but less than republics; usually with substantial or predominant ethnic minority.
	2 federal cities (cities under direct jurisdiction of the Federation) (города федерального значения, sing. город федерального значения; goroda federalnogo znacheniya, sing. gorod federalnogo znacheniya)—major cities that function as separate regions.

[edit] List of federal subjects

Federal subjects of Russia (by number).png

The subjects have both numerical codes and two- or three-letter ISO 3166-2:RU codes. The numerical codes span from 01 to 89, although 6 of them are no longer in use after mergers.

Code	Name	Capital or administrative center Largest city	Federal district	Economic region	Area (km²)^[2]	Population^[3]
01	Republic of Adygea	Maykop	Southern	North Caucasus	7,600	447,109
02	Republic of Bashkortostan	Ufa	Volga	Urals	143,600	4,104,336
03	Buryat Republic	Ulan-Ude	Siberian	East Siberian	351,300	981,238
04	Altai Republic	Gorno-Altaysk	Siberian	West Siberian	92,600	202,947
05	Republic of Dagestan	Makhachkala	Southern	North Caucasus	50,300	2,576,531
06	Republic of Ingushetia	Capital:Magas Largest city:Nazran	Southern	North Caucasus	4,000	467,294
07	Kabardino-Balkar Republic	Nalchik	Southern	North Caucasus	12,500	901,494
08	Republic of Kalmykia	Elista	Southern	Volga	76,100	292,410
09	Karachay-Cherkess Republic	Cherkessk	Southern	North Caucasus	14,100	439,470
10	Republic of Karelia	Petrozavodsk	Northwestern	Northern	172,400	716,281
11	Komi Republic	Syktyvkar	Northwestern	Northern	415,900	1,018,674
12	Mari El Republic	Yoshkar-Ola	Volga	Volga-Vyatka	23,200	727,979
13	Republic of Mordovia	Saransk	Volga	Volga-Vyatka	26,200	888,766
14	Sakha (Yakutia) Republic	Yakutsk	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	3,103,200	949,280
15	Republic of North Ossetia-Alania	Vladikavkaz	Southern	North Caucasus	8,000	710,275
16	Republic of Tatarstan	Kazan	Volga	Volga	68,000	3,779,265
17	Tyva Republic	Kyzyl	Siberian	East Siberian	170,500	305,510
18	Udmurt Republic	Izhevsk	Volga	Urals	42,100	1,570,316
19	Republic of Khakassia	Abakan	Siberian	East Siberian	61,900	546,072
20	Chechen Republic	Grozny	Southern	North Caucasus	15,300	1,103,686
21	Chuvash Republic-Chuvashia	Cheboksary	Volga	Volga-Vyatka	18,300	1,313,754
22	Altai Krai	Barnaul	Siberian	West Siberian	169,100	2,607,426
92	Zabaykalsky Krai	Chita	Siberian	East Siberian	431,500	1,155,346
91	Kamchatka Krai	Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	472,300	358,801
23	Krasnodar Krai	Krasnodar	Southern	North Caucasus	76,000	5,125,221
24	Krasnoyarsk Krai	Krasnoyarsk	Siberian	East Siberian	2,339,700	2,966,042
90	Perm Krai	Perm	Volga	Urals	160,600	2,819,421
25	Primorsky Krai	Vladivostok	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	165,900	2,071,210
26	Stavropol Krai	Stavropol	Southern	North Caucasus	66,500	2,735,139
27	Khabarovsk Krai	Khabarovsk	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	788,600	1,436,570
28	Amur Oblast	Blagoveshchensk	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	363,700	902,844
29	Arkhangelsk Oblast	Arkhangelsk	Northwestern	Northern	587,400	1,336,539
30	Astrakhan Oblast	Astrakhan	Southern	Volga	44,100	1,005,276
31	Belgorod Oblast	Belgorod	Central	Central Black Earth	27,100	1,511,620
32	Bryansk Oblast	Bryansk	Central	Central	34,900	1,378,941
33	Vladimir Oblast	Vladimir	Central	Central	29,000	1,523,990
34	Volgograd Oblast	Volgograd	Southern	Volga	113,900	2,699,223
35	Vologda Oblast	Administrative center:Vologda Largest city:Cherepovets	Northwestern	Northern	145,700	1,269,568
36	Voronezh Oblast	Voronezh	Central	Central Black Earth	52,400	2,378,803
37	Ivanovo Oblast	Ivanovo	Central	Central	21,800	1,148,329
38	Irkutsk Oblast	Irkutsk	Siberian	East Siberian	767,900	2,581,705
39	Kaliningrad Oblast	Kaliningrad	Northwestern	Kaliningrad	15,100	955,281
40	Kaluga Oblast	Kaluga	Central	Central	29,900	1,041,641
42	Kemerovo Oblast	Administrative center:Kemerovo Largest city:Novokuznetsk	Siberian	West Siberian	95,500	2,899,142
43	Kirov Oblast	Kirov	Volga	Volga-Vyatka	120,800	1,503,529
44	Kostroma Oblast	Kostroma	Central	Central	60,100	736,641
45	Kurgan Oblast	Kurgan	Urals	Urals	71,000	1,019,532
46	Kursk Oblast	Kursk	Central	Central Black Earth	29,800	1,235,091
47	Leningrad Oblast	^[4]Largest city:Gatchina	Northwestern	Northwestern	84,500	1,669,205
48	Lipetsk Oblast	Lipetsk	Central	Central Black Earth	24,100	1,213,499
49	Magadan Oblast	Magadan	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	461,400	182,726
50	Moscow Oblast	^[5]Largest city:Balashikha	Central	Central	45,900	6,618,538
51	Murmansk Oblast	Murmansk	Northwestern	Northern	144,900	892,534
52	Nizhny Novgorod Oblast	Nizhny Novgorod	Volga	Volga-Vyatka	76,900	3,524,028
53	Novgorod Oblast	Veliky Novgorod	Northwestern	Northwestern	55,300	694,355
54	Novosibirsk Oblast	Novosibirsk	Siberian	West Siberian	178,200	2,692,251
55	Omsk Oblast	Omsk	Siberian	West Siberian	139,700	2,079,220
56	Orenburg Oblast	Orenburg	Volga	Urals	124,000	2,179,551
57	Oryol Oblast	Oryol	Central	Central	24,700	860,262
58	Penza Oblast	Penza	Volga	Volga	43,200	1,452,941
60	Pskov Oblast	Pskov	Northwestern	Northwestern	55,300	760,810
61	Rostov Oblast	Rostov-on-Don	Southern	North Caucasus	100,800	4,404,013
62	Ryazan Oblast	Ryazan	Central	Central	39,600	1,227,910
63	Samara Oblast	Samara	Volga	Volga	53,600	3,239,737
64	Saratov Oblast	Saratov	Volga	Volga	100,200	2,668,310
65	Sakhalin Oblast	Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	87,100	546,695
66	Sverdlovsk Oblast	Yekaterinburg	Urals	Urals	194,800	4,486,214
67	Smolensk Oblast	Smolensk	Central	Central	49,800	1,049,574
68	Tambov Oblast	Tambov	Central	Central Black Earth	34,300	1,178,443
69	Tver Oblast	Tver	Central	Central	84,100	1,471,459
70	Tomsk Oblast	Tomsk	Siberian	West Siberian	316,900	1,046,039
71	Tula Oblast	Tula	Central	Central	25,700	1,675,758
72	Tyumen Oblast	Tyumen	Urals	West Siberian	1,435,200	3,264,841
73	Ulyanovsk Oblast	Ulyanovsk	Volga	Volga	37,300	1,382,811
74	Chelyabinsk Oblast	Chelyabinsk	Urals	Urals	87,900	3,603,339
76	Yaroslavl Oblast	Yaroslavl	Central	Central	36,400	1,367,398
77	Moscow	—	Central	Central	1,100	10,382,754
78	Saint Petersburg	—	Northwestern	Northwestern	1,439	4,662,547
79	Jewish Autonomous Oblast	Birobidzhan	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	36,000	190,915
83	Nenets Autonomous Okrug	Naryan-Mar	Northwestern	Northern	176,700	41,546
86	Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra	Administrative center:Khanty-Mansiysk Largest city:Surgut	Urals	West Siberian	523,100	1,432,817
87	Chukotka Autonomous Okrug	Anadyr	Far Eastern	Far Eastern	737,700	53,824
89	Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug	Administrative center:Salekhard Largest city:Novy Urengoy	Urals	West Siberian	750,300	507,006

[edit] Mergers

Federal subjects of the Russian Federation

Russia had more federal subjects, but some of the federal subjects were merged into larger territories starting in 2005. The merging process was finished on 1 March 2008. No new mergers have been planned since March 2008.

Original territories	Date of referendum	Date of merger	Merger
1, 1a	December 7, 2003	December 1, 2005	Perm Oblast (1) + Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug (1a) → Perm Krai
2, 2a, 2b	April 17, 2005	January 1, 2007	Krasnoyarsk Krai (2) + Evenk Autonomous Okrug (2a) + Taymyr Autonomous Okrug (2b) → Krasnoyarsk Krai
3, 3a	October 23, 2005	July 1, 2007	Kamchatka Oblast (3) + Koryak Autonomous Okrug (3a) → Kamchatka Krai
4, 4a	April 16, 2006	January 1, 2008	Irkutsk Oblast (4) + Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug (4a) → Irkutsk Oblast
5, 5a	March 11, 2007	March 1, 2008	Chita Oblast (5) + Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug (5a) → Zabaykalsky Krai

[edit] Further proposals for mergers

Proposals	Federal subjects	Map
6, 6a	Arkhangelsk Oblast + Nenets Autonomous Okrug = Pomorsky Krai
7, 7a, 7b	Khabarovsk Krai + Jewish Autonomous Oblast + Amur Oblast = Amur Krai
8, 8a	Magadan Oblast + Chukotka Autonomous Okrug = Magadan Krai
9, 9a, 9b	Irkutsk Oblast + Buryatia Republic + Zabaykalsky Krai = Baikal Krai
10, 10a, 10b	Tyumen Oblast + Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug + Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug = Tyumen Krai
11, 11a, 11b	Novosibirsk Oblast + Omsk Oblast + Tomsk Oblast = Novosibirsk Krai
12, 12a, 12b	Kemerovo Oblast + Altai Republic + Altai Krai = Altai Krai
13	Saint Petersburg (federal city) + Leningrad Oblast = Leningrad Oblast
14	Moscow (federal city) + Moscow Oblast = Moscow Oblast
15, 15a	Yaroslavl Oblast + Kostroma Oblast = Yaroslav Krai
16, 16a	Novgorod Oblast + Pskov Oblast = Novgorod Krai
17, 17a	Krasnodar Krai + Adygea Republic = Krasnodar Krai
18, 18a	Ingushetia Republic + Chechnya Republic = Checheno-Ingushetiya
*	Pomorsky + Murmansk Oblast + Komi Republic = ?