February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 316 days remaining until the end of the year (317 in leap years). [edit] Events - 3102 BC – Epoch (origin) of the Kali Yuga.
- 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy.
- 1268 – The Livonian Brothers of the Sword are defeated by Dovmont of Pskov in the Battle of Rakovor.
- 1332 – Amda Seyon I, Emperor of Ethiopia begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces.
- 1478 – George, Duke of Clarence, convicted of treason against his older brother Edward IV of England, is executed in private at the Tower of London.
- 1685 – Fort St. Louis is established by a Frenchman at Matagorda Bay thus forming the basis for France's claim to Texas.
- 1745 – The city of Surakarta, Central Java is founded on the banks of Bengawan Solo river, and becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Surakarta
- 1797 – Trinidad is surrendered to a British fleet under the command of Sir Ralph Abercromby.
- 1814 – The Battle of Montereau occurs.
- 1841 – The first ongoing filibuster in the United States Senate begins and lasts until March 11.
- 1846 – Beginning of the Galician peasant revolt.
- 1856 – The American Party (Know-Nothings) convene in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to nominate their first Presidential candidate, former President Millard Fillmore.
- 1861 – In Montgomery, Alabama, Jefferson Davis is inaugurated as the provisional President of the Confederate States of America.
- 1861 – With the Italian unification almost complete, King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia assumes the title of King of Italy.
- 1865 – Union forces under Major General William T. Sherman set the South Carolina State House on fire during the burning of Columbia.
- 1873 – Bulgarian revolutionary leader Vasil Levski is executed by hanging in Sofia by the Ottoman authorities.
- 1878 – John Tunstall is murdered by outlaw Jessie Evans, sparking the Lincoln County War in Lincoln County, New Mexico.
- 1884 – Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published for the first time.
- 1901 – Winston Churchill makes his maiden speech in the House of Commons.
- 1906 – Edouard de Laveleye forms the Belgian Olympic Committee in Brussels.
- 1911 – The first official flight with air mail takes place in Allahabad, British India, when Henri Pequet, a 23-year-old pilot, delivers 6,500 letters to Naini, about 10 km away.
- 1913 – Raymond Poincaré becomes President of France.
- 1929 – The first Academy Awards are announced.
- 1930 – While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto.
- 1930 – Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in a fixed-wing aircraft and also the first cow to be milked in an aircraft.
- 1932 – The Empire of Japan declares Manzhouguo (the obsolete Chinese name for Manchuria) independent from the Republic of China.
- 1943 – The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.
- 1943 – Joseph Goebbels delivers the Sportpalast speech.
- 1948 – Eamon de Valera resigns as Taoiseach of Ireland.
- 1954 – The first Church of Scientology is established in Los Angeles, California.
- 1955 – Operation Teapot: Teapot test shot "Wasp" is successfully detonated at the Nevada Test Site with a yield of 1.2 kilotons. Wasp is the first of fourteen shots of the Teapot series.
- 1957 – Kenyan rebel leader Dedan Kimathi is executed by the British colonial government.
- 1965 – The Gambia becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
- 1969 – The Hawthorne Nevada Airlines Flight 708 disaster occurs, killing all on board.
- 1970 – The Chicago Seven are found not guilty of conspiring to incite riots at the 1968 Democratic National Convention.
- 1972 – The California Supreme Court in the case of People v. Anderson, 6 Cal.3d 628 invalidates the state's death penalty and commutes the sentences of all death row inmates to life in prison.
- 1977 – The Space Shuttle Enterprise test vehicle is carried on its maiden "flight" sitting on top of a Boeing 747.
- 1979 – Snow fell in the Sahara Desert in southern Algeria for the only recorded time in history.
- 1983 – Thirteen people die and one is seriously injured in the Wah Mee Massacre in Seattle, Washington. It is said to be the largest robbery-motivated mass-murder in U.S. history.
- 1991 – The IRA explodes bombs in the early morning at both Paddington station and Victoria station in London.
- 1998 – Two white separatists are arrested in Nevada and accused of plotting a biological attack on New York City subways.
- 2001 – FBI agent Robert Hanssen is arrested for spying for the Soviet Union. He is ultimately convicted and sentenced to life in prison.
- 2001 – Seven time Winston Cup Champion Dale Earnhardt dies as a result of a last lap accident in turn four of the Daytona 500.
- 2003 – Nearly 200 people die in the Daegu subway fire in South Korea.
- 2003 – Comet C/2002 V1 (NEAT) makes perihelion, seen by SOHO.
- 2004 – Up to 295 people, including nearly 200 rescue workers, die near Neyshabur in Iran when a run-away freight train carrying sulfur, petrol and fertilizer catches fire and explodes.
[edit] Births - 1374 – Saint Jadwiga of Poland, queen of Poland (d. 1399)
- 1404 – Leone Battista Alberti, Italian painter and philosopher (d. 1472)
- 1486 – Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Bengali yogi (d. 1534)
- 1516 – Queen Mary I of England (d. 1558)
- 1530 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1578)
- 1543 – Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1608)
- 1559 – Isaac Casaubon, French classical scholar (d. 1614)
- 1602 – Per Brahe, Swedish soldier (d. 1680)
- 1609 – Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, English historian (d. 1674)
- 1635 – Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, Swedish statesman (d. 1680)
- 1642 – Marie Champmeslé, French actress (d. 1698)
- 1658 – Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre, French writer (d. 1743)
- 1745 – Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (d. 1827)
- 1814 – Samuel Fenton Cary, American-born U. S. Congressman (d. 1900)
- 1818 – Pedro Figueredo, Cuban poet, musician, and freedom fighter (d. 1870)
- 1836 – Sri Ramakrishna, Indian Bengali guru of Swami Vivekananda (d. 1886)
- 1838 – Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist (d. 1916)
- 1846 – Wilson Barrett, English playwright (d. 1904)
- 1848 – Louis Comfort Tiffany, American glass artist (d. 1933)
- 1849 – Alexander Kielland, Norwegian author (d. 1906)
- 1859 – Sholom Aleichem, Russian Yiddish humorist (d. 1916)
- 1870 – William Laurel Harris, American mural painter and writer (d. 1924)
- 1871 – Harry Brearley, English inventor (d. 1948)
- 1883 – Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek author (d. 1957)
- 1884 – Andrew Watson Myles, Canadian politician (d. 1970)
- 1888 – George Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1968)
- 1890 – Edward Arnold, American actor (d. 1956)
- 1890 – Adolphe Menjou, American actor (d. 1963)
- 1892 – Wendell Willkie, American politician (d. 1944)
- 1896 – Andre Breton, French writer (d. 1966)
- 1897 – Charles Kuentz, German-born French WW1 veteran and centenarian (d. 2005)
- 1898 – Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet (d. 1980)
- 1898 – Enzo Ferrari, Founder of Ferrari (d. 1988)
- 1901 – Reginald Sheffield, British actor (d. 1957)
- 1902 – Walter Herbert, German-born conductor and impresario (d. 1975)
- 1903 – Nikolai Podgorny, President of the Soviet Union (d. 1983)
- 1906 – Hans Asperger, Austrian pediatrician (d. 1980)
- 1907 – Oscar Brodney, American screenwriter (d. 2008)
- 1909 – Tuppy Owen-Smith, South African cricketer and English rugby union player (d. 1990)
- 1909 – Wallace Stegner, American writer (d. 1993)
- 1914 – Pee Wee King, American country musician and songwriter (d. 2000)
- 1915 – Phyllis Calvert, British actress (d. 2002)
- 1916 – Jean Drapeau, Canadian politician, mayor of Montreal (d. 1999)
- 1918 – Jane Loevinger, American psychologist (d. 2008).
- 1919 – Jack Palance, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1920 – Bill Cullen, American game show host (d. 1990)
- 1920 – Eric Gairy, Grenadan politician (d. 1997)
- 1922 – Helen Gurley Brown, American editor
- 1922 – Allan Melvin, American actor (d. 2008)
- 1922 – Juhan Smuul, Estonian author (d. 1971)
- 1924 – Humberto Fernández Morán, Venezuelan scientist (d. 1999)
- 1924 – Louis Laberge, Canadian labor union leader (d. 2002)
- 1925 – George Kennedy, American actor
- 1925 – Marcel Barbeau, Canadian Quebec artist
- 1926 – Nalini Jaywant, Indian actress
- 1927 – John Warner, American politician
- 1927 – Luis Arroyo, Puerto Rican baseball player
- 1927 – Peter Fryer English Marxist writer and journalist (d. 2006)
- 1928 – Tom Johnson, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1929 – Len Deighton, British author
- 1929 – André Mathieu, Canadian composer (d. 1968)
- 1930 – Gahan Wilson, American cartoonist
- 1931 – Johnny Hart, American cartoonist (d. 2007)
- 1931 – Toni Morrison, American writer, Nobel laureate
- 1931 – Bob St. Clair, American football player
- 1932 – Miloš Forman, Czech film director
- 1933 – Yoko Ono, Japanese-born singer
- 1933 – Sir Bobby Robson, English football manager
- 1933 – Mary Ure, Scottish actress (d. 1975)
- 1934 – Audre Lord, Caribbean poet and activist (d. 1992)
- 1935 – Michel Aoun, Lebanese prime minister
- 1936 – Jean Auel, American writer
- 1936 – Dick Duff, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1938 – István Szabó, Hungarian film director
- 1938 – Manny Mota, Dominican baseball player
- 1939 – Dal Maxvill, American baseball player
- 1939 – Marek Janowski, Polish-born conductor
- 1939 – Claude Ake, Nigerian political scientist
- 1940 – Fabrizio De André, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
- 1941 – Irma Thomas, American singer
- 1943 – Graeme Garden, Scottish writer
- 1944 – Pat Bowlen, American sports team owner (Denver Broncos)
- 1945 – Judy Rankin, American golfer
- 1946 – Michael Buerk, British newsreader
- 1946 – Jean-Claude Dreyfus, French actor
- 1947 – Dennis DeYoung, American musician (Styx)
- 1947 – Princess Christina of the Netherlands
- 1947 – Carlos Lopes, Portuguese athlete
- 1947 – Eliot Lance Engel, American politician
- 1948 – Sinéad Cusack, Irish actress
- 1948 – Keith Knudsen, American drummer and songwriter (The Doobie Brothers) (d. 2005)
- 1949 – Gary Ridgway, American serial killer
- 1950 – John Hughes, American director (d.2009)
- 1950 – Cybill Shepherd, American actress
- 1950 – Michel Gauthier, Canadian politician
- 1951 – Isabel Preysler, Philippines-born Spanish socialite
- 1952 – Maurice Lucas, American basketball player
- 1952 – Juice Newton, American singer
- 1953 – Robbie Bachman, Canadian drummer (Bachman-Turner Overdrive)
- 1954 – John Travolta, American actor
- 1955 – Miles Tredinnick, English playwright
- 1955 – Raymond Rougeau, Canadian professional wrestler
- 1956 – Ted Gärdestad, Swedish singer (d. 1997)
- 1956 – Paul Reed Smith, American luthier, founder and owner of PRS Guitars
- 1957 – Marita Koch, German athlete
- 1957 – Vanna White, American game show presenter
- 1958 – Giovanni Lavaggi, Italian racing driver
- 1958 – Gar Samuelson, American drummer (d. 1999)
- 1960 – Carol McGiffin, British TV and radio presenter
- 1960 – Greta Scacchi, Australian actress
- 1960 – Andy Moog, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1961 – Hironobu Kageyama, Japanese singer
- 1962 – Julie Strain, American actress
- 1963 – Henry Winter, English football journalist
- 1964 – Matt Dillon, American actor
- 1964 – Paul Hanley, British musician (The Fall, Tom Hingley and the Lovers)
- 1965 – Dr. Dre, American record producer and rapper
- 1965 – Gregory Scott Johnson, American murderer (d. 2005)
- 1966 – Guy Ferland, American television director
- 1967 – Roberto Baggio, Italian footballer
- 1967 – Tracey Edmonds, American film and television producer
- 1967 – Harry Van Barneveld, Belgian judoka
- 1968 – Molly Ringwald, American actress
- 1969 – Tomaž Humar, Slovenian mountaineer
- 1969 – Alexander Mogilny, Russian ice hockey player
- 1969 – Jason Sutter, American drummer (Smash Mouth, American Hi-Fi)
- 1970 – Raine Maida, Canadian musician (Our Lady Peace)
- 1970 – Susan Egan, American actress
- 1971 – Constantin Popa, Romanian-born Israeli basketball player
- 1971 – Merritt Gant, American thrash metal guitarist
- 1972 – Drew Bowie, Australian stand up comedian
- 1973 – Claude Makélélé, French footballer
- 1974 – Jamey Carroll, American baseball player
- 1974 – Julia Butterfly Hill, American environmental activist
- 1974 – Ruby Dhalla, Canadian politician
- 1974 – Yevgeny Kafelnikov, Russian tennis player
- 1974 – Jillian Michaels, Personal trainer
- 1975 – Sarah Brown, American actress
- 1975 – Keith Gillespie, Irish footballer
- 1975 – Gary Neville, English footballer
- 1976 – Chanda Rubin, American tennis player
- 1976 – Leilani Munter, American race car driver
- 1977 – Ike Barinholtz, American actor
- 1977 – Kátia, Brazilian footballer
- 1977 – Sean Watkins, American guitarist and songwriter
- 1977 – Chrissie Wellington, British triathlete
- 1978 – Josip Šimunić, Croatian footballer
- 1980 – Nikolai Antropov, Kazakh ice hockey player
- 1980 – Regina Spektor, Russian/American singer and songwriter
- 1981 – Andrei Kirilenko, Russian basketball player
- 1981 – Alex Rios, American baseball player
- 1981 – Ivan Sproule, Irish footballer
- 1981 – Larry Sweeney, American Professional Wrestler
- 1981 – Kim Jae Won, South Korean actor
- 1981 – Jasmine Fiore, American model (d. 2009)
- 1983 – Juelz Santana, American rapper
- 1983 – Jermaine Jenas, English footballer
- 1983 – Jason Maxiell, American basketball player
- 1983 – Troy Bienemann, American football player
- 1985 – Anton Ferdinand, English footballer
- 1985 – Lee Boyd Malvo, Jamaican serial killer
- 1986 – Marc Torrejón, Spanish footballer
- 1988 – Shane Lyons, American actor and chef
- 1988 – Maiara Walsh, American actress
- 1988 – Max (singer), South Korean singer from TVXQ
- 1990 – Cody Hodgson, Canadian hockey player
- 1991 – Malese Jow, American actress and singer
- 1991 – Henry Surtees, British racing driver (d. 2009)
[edit] Deaths - 806 – Tarasius, Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 730)
- 814 – Angilbert, Frankish monk and confidant of Charlemagne
- 901 – Thabit ibn Qurra, Arab astronomer and mathematician (b. 826)
- 999 – Pope Gregory V (b. 972)
- 1139 – Prince Yaropolk II of Kiev (b. 1082)
- 1294 – Kublai Khan, Mongol Emperor (b. 1215)
- 1379 – Albert II of Mecklenburg (b. 1318)
- 1405 – Tamerlane, Mongol Emperor (b. 1336)
- 1455 – Fra Angelico, Italian artist (b. 1395)
- 1478 – George, Duke of Clarence, brother of Kings Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (executed) (b. 1449)
- 1535 – Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, astrologer and alchemist (b. 1486)
- 1546 – Martin Luther, German religious reformer (b. 1483)
- 1564 – Michelangelo Buonarroti, Italian artist (b. 1475)
- 1583 – Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Italian writer (b. 1503)
- 1654 – Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac, French writer (b. 1594)
- 1683 – Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (b. 1620)
- 1712 – Louis, duc de Bourgogne, heir to the throne of France (b. 1682)
- 1718 – Pierre Antoine Motteux, French-born English dramatist (b. 1663)
- 1743 – Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, last of the Medicis (b. 1667)
- 1748 – Otto Ferdinand von Abensberg und Traun, Austrian field marshal (b. 1677)
- 1772 – Johann Hartwig Ernst, Count von Bernstorff, Danish statesman (b. 1712)
- 1778 – Joseph Marie Terray, French statesman (b. 1715)
- 1780 – Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian poet (b. 1714)
- 1788 – John Whitehurst, English clockmaker and scientist (b. 1713)
- 1803 – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet (b. 1719)
- 1842 – Thomas Hazlehurst, English soap and alkali manufacturer (b. 1779)
- 1845 – Johnny Appleseed, American environmentalist (b. 1774)
- 1851 – Carl Gustav Jakob Jacobi, German mathematician (b. 1804)
- 1873 – Vasil Levski, Bulgarian Revolutionist (b. 1837)
- 1893 – Serranus Clinton Hastings, American politician (b. 1814)
- 1895 – Karl Abs, German professional wrestler (b. 1851)
- 1900 – Clinton L. Merriam, American politician (b. 1824)
- 1902 – Charles Lewis Tiffany, American founder of Tiffany & Co. (b. 1812)
- 1906 – John Batterson Stetson, American manufacturer (b. 1830)
- 1911 – Billy Murdoch, Australian cricketer (b. 1854)
- 1931 – Milan Šufflay, Croatian politician (b. 1879)
- 1933 – James J. Corbett, American boxer (b. 1866)
- 1938 – David King Udall, American politician (b. 1851)
- 1942 – Albert Payson Terhune, American author (b. 1872)
- 1945 – Ivan Chernyakhovsky, Russian general (b. 1906)
- 1956 – Gustave Charpentier, French composer (b. 1860)
- 1957 – Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan rebel leader (b. 1920)
- 1957 – Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (b. 1877)
- 1964 – Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Quebec inventor and industrialist (b. 1907)
- 1966 – Robert Rossen, American screenwriter, producer, and director (b. 1908)
- 1967 – J. Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist (b. 1904)
- 1967 – Dragiša Cvetković, Kingdom of Yugoslavia prime minister (b. 1893)
- 1973 – Frank Costello, Italian-born gangster (b. 1891)
- 1977 – Andy Devine, American actor (b. 1905)
- 1978 – Maggie McNamara, American actress (b. 1928)
- 1981 – John Knudsen Northrop, American aircraft manufacturer (b. 1895)
- 1982 – Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand author (b. 1895)
- 1993 – Kerry Von Erich, American professional wrestler (b. 1960)
- 1993 – Jacqueline Hill, British actress (b. 1929)
- 1995 – Bob Stinson, American guitarist (b. 1959)
- 1997 – Emily Hahn, American writer (b. 1905)
- 1998 – Harry Caray, American baseball broadcaster (b. 1914)
- 1998 – Robbie James, Welsh footballer (b. 1957)
- 1999 – Noam Pitlik, American actor and director (b. 1932)
- 2000 – Willy Maltaite, Belgian comics creator (b. 1927)
- 2001 – Balthus, Polish-born painter (b. 1908)
- 2001 – Dale Earnhardt, American race car driver (b. 1951)
- 2001 – Eddie Mathews, American baseball player (b. 1931)
- 2003 – Isser Harel, Israeli Mossad leader (b. 1912)
- 2004 – Jean Rouch, French filmmaker and ethnologist (b. 1917)
- 2006 – Richard Bright, American actor (b. 1937)
- 2008 – Sir Richard Knowles, British politician (b. 1917)
- 2008 – Mihaela Mitrache, Romanian actress, (b. 1955)
- 2008 – Mickey Renaud, Canadian professional ice hockey player (b. 1988)
- 2009 – Al-Tayyib Salih, Sudanese novelist and columnist (b. 1929)
[edit] Holidays and observances [edit] External links
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