The Executive Council of the Province of Canada had a similar function to the Cabinet in England but was not responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from its inception in 1841 to 1848.

Members were advisers to the Governor and later to the Premier of the Province of Canada. Members of the Executive Council were not necessarily members of the Legislative Assembly but were usually members of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada. Members were appointed, often for life and came from Canada East and Canada West. The council replaced the Executive Councils of Upper and Lower Canada. It sat from 1841 to 1867, when it was replaced by the Queen's Privy Council of Canada.

The Executive Council sat a various capitals of the Province of Canada:

• Kingston 1841 - 1843
• Montreal 1843 - 1849
• Toronto 1849 - 1852
• Quebec City 1852 - 1856
• Toronto 1856 - 1858
• Quebec City 1859 - 1866
• Ottawa 1866 - 1867

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