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Ethiopian Airlines (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ; የኢትዮጵያ? in short) is an airline headquartered on the grounds of Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[2] It is the national airline of Ethiopia, operating scheduled international passenger and freight services to over 50 destinations worldwide, as well as domestic services to 32 destinations and passenger and cargo charter flights. Its main hub is Bole International Airport.[3] Ethiopian Airlines is the largest airline in Africa by passengers and destinations.[1] Ethiopian Airlines serves over 50 destinations worldwide and over 35 destinations within Ethiopia.[4]
[edit] History  Ethiopian Airlines was founded on December 30, 1945, by Emperor Haile Selassie with assistance from TWA. It commenced operations on April 8, 1946, with a weekly service between Addis Ababa and Cairo with five Douglas DC-3 propeller-driven aircraft.[5] The airline started long-haul services to Frankfurt in 1958 and inaugurated its first jet service in January 1963 from Addis Ababa to Nairobi. In 1965, it changed from a corporation to a share company and changed its name from Ethiopian Air Lines to Ethiopian Airlines. In the early 1960s it provided some initial aviation support to the Ethiopia-United States Mapping Mission in its operation to provide topographic maps of Ethiopia.[6] It is wholly owned by the government of Ethiopia and has 4,700 employees (at March 2007)[3]. Although it relied on American pilots and technicians at the beginning, by its 25th anniversary in 1971 Ethiopian Airlines was managed and staffed by Ethiopian personnel. In 1998, it started transatlantic services. The airline was featured by The Economist as an example of excellence in late 1987, [7] and Ethiopianist Paul B. Henze recognized it in 2000 as being "one of the most reliable and profitable airlines in the Third World",[8] In 2007, Ethiopia Airlines provided basic pilot and aviation maintenance training to trainees from African countries including Rwanda, Tanzania, Chad, Djibouti, Madagascar and Sudan. Other training was given to employees of Kenya Airways, Air Zimbabwe, Bellview Airlines, Cape Verde Airlines and Air Madagascar.[9] The airline provided service to the Eritrean capital of Asmara until a war erupted between the two countries in 1998. The airline calls its frequent flyer program "Sheba Miles" in reference to the legendary Queen of Sheba. [edit] Financial performanceEthiopian Airlines started "Vision 2020" in 2005 which aimed to increase passenger traffic to 3 million, revenue to 1 billion US dollars and the staff to 6,000. In its fiscal year 2007/2008, the airline transported 2.5 million passengers and generated 9.2 billion birr revenue (USD 900 million) with a net profit of 507 million birr (USD 56 million). [10] For the fiscal year 2008/2009, ET transported 2.8 million passengers (a 12.3% increase y/y) generated 12.2 billion birr in revenue (USD 980 million - a 32.8% increase y/y) with a net profit of 1.345 billion birr (108 million USD - a 165% increase over the previous year). In the same period, Ethiopian hauled 101 thousand tons of cargo, a 38.4% increase over the previous year. [11] These results are the best yet for the 64 year old airliner, and were attributed to an aggressive marketing campaign and major cost cutting measures. [12] [edit] DestinationsMain article: Ethiopian Airlines destinations [edit] Fleet   The Ethiopian Airlines fleet includes the following aircraft (at June 2009): [13][14] [edit] Passenger
Not counting the De Havilland planes, the fleet average age was 9.7 years at January 2008[17]. In February 2005 Ethiopian Airlines signed a preliminary agreement to buy up to 10 Boeing 787 Dreamliner aircraft (5 firm orders and 5 options). On 31 May 2005 Boeing announced that Ethiopian had exercised its purchase rights and confirmed a firm order for 10 aircraft. Expected delivery of the new planes is between 2008 and 2011. Ethiopian Cargo operates two Lockheed L-100 freighters. ET Cargo also leases additional aircraft based on traffic requirements. Three of the existing four passenger 757-200s are expected to be converted to freighter configuration.[citation needed] [edit] Cargo
[edit] AlliancesEthiopian Airlines is not part of one the three global airline alliances, but is preparing for membership in Star Alliance[19]. It has codeshare agreements with the following airlines:[20]
Ethiopian Airlines and Lufthansa have closely linked their frequent flyer programms Shebamiles and Miles & More [27] allowing members to earn and spend miles on the airlines' entire network. In July 2008 Ethiopian Airlines entered a strategic partnership with Lomé based start-up airline ASKY Airlines in which Ethiopian holds a 25% stake [28][29]. Ethiopian Airlines is responsible for aircraft maintenance and operational management. The plan is to turn Lomé into Ethiopian Airline's regional hub for the West African market[19]. [edit] Incidents and accidentsSince 1970, there have been two fatal events involving Ethiopian Airlines aircraft. On 15 September 1988, Ethiopian Airlines Flight 604, a Boeing 737-200, ingested pigeons into both engines shortly after take off from Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. One engine lost thrust almost immediately and the second lost thrust during the emergency return to the airport. During the crash landing, 31 of the 105 passengers were killed [1]. On 23 November 1996, Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961, a Boeing 767-200ER was hijacked by three hijackers. The flight was on its first leg of an Addis Ababa-Nairobi-Brazzaville-Lagos-Abidjan route. The hijackers instructed the pilot to fly to Australia. Flying south along the African coast, the controller of Nairobi advised them to land at Mombasa. Fuel ran out and one of the plane's engines stopped. While attempting a landing into shallow waters 500 meters from shore near Le Galawa Beach (Comoros Islands near Moroni in the Comoros Islands), the aircraft ran out of fuel and ditched. 123 of the 175 passengers and crew died, including Kenyan photojournalist Mohamed Amin and all of the hijackers. The aircraft was destroyed. [edit] AccreditationThe United States Federal Aviation Administration accredited the maintenance division with license No. ETIY 102F. [30][31] [edit] References
[edit] External links
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