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Ogden Clinic | Providers | Enrique Baires, M.D. ogdenclinic.com | Medicine | About | Faculty | Enrique Terrazas, MD,... pathology.ucsf.edu | Enrique Carino dneph.com | Positive Life: An Interview With Enrique Franco - The Body thebody.com |
Enrique of Malacca was a native of the Malay Archipelago who became a slave of Ferdinand Magellan in the 16th century. Italian historian Antonio Pigafetta, who wrote the most comprehensive account of Magellan's voyage, named him "Henrich" (which was Hispanicized Enrique in official Spanish documents). Pigafetta explicitly states Henrich was a native of Sumatra. His name appears as "Henrique", [1] which is Portuguese, and is what probably was written in his baptismal certificate, as he was baptized a Christian by his Portuguese captors. His name appears only in Pigafetta's account, in Magellan's Last Will, and in official documents at the Casa de Contatacion de las Indias of the Magellan expedition to the Philippines. Magellan acquired him as a slave, described in Magellan's document "Last Will", at Malacca, most probably at the early stages of the siege by the Portuguese in 1511. His Christian name, Henrique, indicates that his capture was on the feastday of St. Henry on July 13, which was several days from the start of the siege of Malacca by the Portuguese under the leadership of Afonso de Albuquerque. His baptism is attested to by Magellan himself in his will where he wrote Enrique is a Christian. Magellan also explicitly states Enrique was a native of Malacca. Eyewitness documents of Antonio Pigafetta, Ginés de Mafra, the Genoese Pilot, Antonio de Herrera, Juan Sebastian Elcano, and Bartolome de las Casas and secondary sources such as João de Barros, Francisco López de Gomara referred to him as a slave.
[edit] Magellan expeditionEnrique accompanied Magellan back to Europe, and onwards on Magellan's search for a westward passage to the East Indies. He worked as a slave, and interpreter for the Spaniards. Ginés de Mafra explicitly states in his firsthand account that Enrique was brought along in the expedition primarily because of his ability to speak the Malay language. "He [Magellan]," wrote de Mafra, "told his men that they were now in the land he had desired, and sent a man named Heredia, who was the ship's clerk, ashore with an Indian they had taken, so they said, because he was known to speak Malay, the language spoken in the Malay Archipelago." The island in the Philippines where he spoke and was understood by the natives was Mazaua which Ginés de Mafra locates somewhere in Mindanao. The Genoese Pilot of the Magellan expedition states--wrongly--in his eyewitness account that the Spaniards had no interpreter when they arrived back to Cebu because Enrique had died in Mactan island along with Magellan during the Battle of Mactan in 1521. However, Enrique was in fact very much alive on May 1, 1521, and attended a feast given by Rajah Humabon to the Spaniards. Antonio Pigafetta writes that survivor, João Serrão, who was pleading the crew to save him from the Cebuano tribes, said all who went to the banquet were poisoned, except Enrique. Enrique accompanied Magellan on all his voyages, including the voyage that circumnavigated the world in 1519-1521. Juan Sebastián Elcano, and his 17 companions in the galleon Victoria, the lone ship that returned to Spain on September 6, 1522 are credited as the first men to travel around the world whether in a single voyage or multiples. [edit] See also[edit] Publications
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