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Enghien-les-Bains
	Commune of Enghien-les-Bains
	Boardwalk by the Lake of Enghien in the town centre. In the background is the Casino of Enghien-les-Bains
	Location
	Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
Administration
Country	France
Region	Île-de-France
Department	Val-d'Oise
Arrondissement	Sarcelles
Canton	Enghien-les-Bains; (chief town)
Mayor	Philippe Sueur; (2008–2014)
Statistics
Elevation	33–53 m (110–170 ft)
Land area1	1.77 km2 (0.68 sq mi)
Population2	10,368 (1999 census)
- Density	5,858 /km2 (15,170 /sq mi)
	Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code	95210/ 95880
	1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
	2 Population sans doubles comptes: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

For the Belgian city, see Enghien.

The Hotel des Quatre Pavillons, circa 1825

Enghien-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ɡɛ̃lebɛ̃]) is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 13.5 kilometres (8.4 miles) from the center of Paris, in the département of Val-d'Oise.

Enghien-les-Bains is famous as a spa resort and a well-to-do suburb of Paris, developed in the nineteenth century around the scenic lake of Enghien. A casino, the only casino in the vicinity of Paris, is located on the shores of the lake. Enghien-les-Bains is also the birthplace of the actress and singer, Mistinguett (1875–1956).

[edit] Name

The name Enghien-les-Bains literally means "Enghien Spa". The suffix was added to the name when the commune was incorporated in 1850, to distinguish this place from the Belgian city of Enghien, near Mons, and to acknowledge the thermal baths for which Enghien-les-Bains is famous.

The thermal baths

The name Enghien itself does refer to the Belgian city, which was a fief of the princes of Condé, a cadet branch of the French royal family, who inherited the duchy of Montmorency in 1633. In 1689 they were allowed by King Louis XIV to rename the duchy of Montmorency to be the "duchy of Enghien", in order to revive the title, duc d'Enghien, which they had lost in 1569 at the death of Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé, who had not legally registered the title.

The village of Montmorency (now a city) continued to be known as "Montmorency", despite the official name change, but the name "Enghien" clung to the nearby lake and marshland that would later become the commune of Enghien-les-Bains.

[edit] History

Before the French Revolution, what is now Enghien-les-Bains was a lake and a marshland under the jurisdiction of Montmorency.

In 1766, a priest at the oratory of Montmorency discovered a warm sulphur spring near the lake of Enghien, and the area began to develop as a spa resort.

At the creation of the communes in 1790, during the French Revolution, the area of Enghien was withdrawn from the jurisdiction of Montmorency and divided between several communes.

In the nineteenth century, the development of Enghien led to its incorporation as a commune. The commune, which was named Enghien-les-Bains, was created on 7 August, 1850 by detaching a part of the territory of Deuil-la-Barre and merging it with a part of the territory of Saint-Gratien, a part of the territory of Soisy-sous-Montmorency, and a part of the territory of Épinay-sur-Seine.