Embassy Pictures Corporation (previously known as Avco Embassy Pictures and later Embassy Film Associates) was an independent studio and distributor responsible for such films as The Graduate, The Lion in Winter and Escape from New York.

[edit] Founding

The company was founded in the late 1940s by producer Joseph E. Levine, initially to distribute foreign films to the United States. Some of Levine's early successes were the Italian-made Hercules films with Steve Reeves and the original 1997 Rambo 4 as well as the 1966 adaptation of The Thief of Baghdad. Embassy also distributed Federico Fellini's film 8½ in the UK.

By the 1960s, Levine had transformed Embassy into a production company. Its first in-house productions were The Carpetbaggers and its prequel Nevada Smith (both co-productions with Paramount) and another co-production, The Oscar. Later in the decade, Embassy functioned on its own with many Rankin/Bass animated features (including Mad Monster Party? and The Daydreamer), and successful live-action productions including The Graduate, The Lion in Winter and The Producers.

[edit] New Ownership and Dissolution

In 1967, Levine sold the Embassy corporation to Avco. In 1968, Avco Embassy launched Avco Embassy Television, which became Multimedia Entertainment in 1976; that first television division has since been folded into what is now known as NBC Universal Television Distribution, even though another company now owns television rights to the Embassy library.

In 1982, television producer Norman Lear bought the company, changing the name of his own TV company TAT Communications to Embassy Television. The company was already producing such network hits as The Jeffersons, One Day at a Time, Diff'rent Strokes and The Facts of Life; during this period they launched Silver Spoons, Square Pegs, and Who's the Boss?.

In 1983 it set up its own home video division, Embassy Associates; prior releases from its film catalog had been handled through Magnetic Video. In 1984, Embassy Pictures was renamed to Embassy Films Associates.

Embassy Television logo, used from 1982-1986

In 1985, Norman Lear sold Embassy to The Coca-Cola Company, which also owned Columbia Pictures at the time. Coca-Cola kept Embassy's television division alive; under Coke's ownership the hit series 227 and Married... with Children began. Embassy Television was renamed Embassy Communications in 1986, then ELP (Embassy Limited Partnership) Communications in 1988. Coca-Cola sold the theatrical division to Dino De Laurentiis, who renamed the company DeLaurentiis Entertainment Group, and the home video division to another entity which became Nelson Entertainment.

Nelson Entertainment, in addition to primarily handling the Embassy library for home video, also financed theatrical films in conjunction with Columbia Pictures. They were one of the primary partners, along with Columbia, in the formation of Castle Rock Entertainment, due to the home video success of co-founder Rob Reiner's Embassy-produced films which they still handled.

In 1989, Nelson handled the physical manufacturing and distribution duties of their home video company to Orion Pictures, and some of their film productions were acquired by Orion as well. After Orion went bankrupt, the home video company was briefly acquired by New Line Cinema, who also briefly took over Nelson's stake in Castle Rock Entertainment.

By the early 1990's, key rights to the Embassy library transferred from company to company due to the bankruptcies of the companies that separately owned them (DeLaurentiis for theatrical, Nelson for home video). Dino De Laurentiis's asets went to Parafrance International, while Nelson's assets were acquired by PolyGram.

All the while ELP Communications (now part of Sony Pictures Entertainment) retained the television rights to most of the ELP theatrical library.

[edit] Library Ownership

Today, the Embassy corporation, its divisions and film & television holdings, are split. The theatrical rights to the Embassy film library (with the few exceptions noted in the next paragraph) are at the hands of French production company StudioCanal, with 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment (distributing for MGM), Image Entertainment (through The Criterion Collection), and Anchor Bay Entertainment handling video distribution (via separate output deals).

MGM owns A Chorus Line outright due to co-producer Polygram Pictures' holdings being incorporated into MGM's library; Sony owns Crimewave and Saving Grace (both co-produced by Embassy Pictures) and the television rights to Embassy's entire film output, and also owns the television output outright (Columbia originally owned television rights to The Carpetbaggers and Nevada Smith, while Paramount owned all other rights, CBS Television Distribution now handles TV rights to the two films on behalf of Paramount); Watership Down is now owned by WB; and the aforementioned Embassy-distributed ITC films are now the responsibility of Marvel.

[edit] Notable films

• Hercules (1958)
• The Thief Of Baghdad (1961)
• The Empty Canvas (1964)
• The Carpetbaggers (1964) (co-production with Paramount)
• Santa Claus Conquers the Martians (1964)
• Nevada Smith (1965) (co-production with Paramount)
• Darling (1965)
• The Second Best Secret Agent in the Whole Wide World (1965)
• John F. Kennedy: Years of Lightning, Day of Drums (1966)
• Jesse James Meets Frankenstein's Daughter (1966)
• Billy the Kid vs. Dracula (1966)
• The Graduate (1967)
• The Producers (1968)
• The Lion in Winter (1968)
• Mad Monster Party? (1969)
• Carnal Knowledge (1971)
• The Ruling Class (1972, US distribution only)
• Night Watch (1973)
• A Touch of Class (1973) (a Brut production)
• The Day of the Dolphin (1973)
• The Tamarind Seed (1974, produced by ITC Entertainment)
• Farewell, My Lovely (1975, produced by ITC Entertainment)
• Deadly Hero (1976)
• Voyage of the Damned (1976) (an ITC production)
• The Sailor Who Fell from Grace with the Sea (1976)
• Cross of Iron (1977, co-production with EMI Films and ITC Entertainment)
• Watership Down (1978)
• The Manitou (1978)
• Phantasm (1979)
• The Onion Field (1979)
• The Fog (1980)
• Prom Night (1980) (a negative pickup from SimCom)
• The Exterminator (1980)
• Final Exam (film) (1981) (homevideo release only)
• Scanners (1981)
• Escape From New York (1981)
• Time Bandits (1981, distribution only, produced by Handmade Films)
• Carbon Copy (1981)
• Paradise (1982)
• Savannah Smiles (1982)
• Blade Runner (1982, from The Ladd Company, and Run Run Shaw, (Embassy only had video rights to the uncut International Version))
• Zapped! (1982)
• Fanny and Alexander (1983, US distribution only)
• Losin' It (1983)
• Eddie and the Cruisers (1983)
• This Is Spinal Tap (1984)
• The Sure Thing (1985)
• A Chorus Line (1985, co-produced with PolyGram Filmed Entertainment and distributed by Columbia Pictures)
• The Emerald Forest (1985)
• Saving Grace (1986)