Dual clutch transmission Information & Dual clutch transmission Links at HealthHaven.com
advertise
add site
services
publishers
database
health videos
Bookmark and Share

search wiki for    ?
web dir firms image gallery news pdf wiki shop video 
about
toolbar
stats
live show
health store
more stuff
JOIN/LOGIN
Featured Results:
Transmission (Neuromuscular transmission )
Transmission (Neuromuscular transmission)
hertsholistichealth.co.uk		 Biotone Dual Purpose Massage Creme Biotone Dual Purpose Massage Creme
Biotone Dual Purpose Massage Creme Biotone Dual Purpose Massage Creme
spabodyworkmarket.com		 silicone breast forms, silicone breast form, dual silicone breast forms,...
silicone breast forms, silicone breast form, dual silicone breast forms,...
cosmeticgarments.com		  Dual Station Machines - Compare Fitness Dual Station Machines Prices @...
Dual Station Machines - Compare Fitness Dual Station Machines Prices @...
exercise-n-fitness.com		 
Transmission types
Manual
Automatic
Semi-automatic
Continuously variable
Bicycle gearing
 v • d • e 
Part-cutaway view of the Volkswagen Group 6-speed dual clutch transmission, the Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG). The concentric multi-plate clutches have been sectioned, along with the mechatronics module. This also shows the additional power take-off unit for distributing torque to the rear axle for four-wheel drive applications. - View this image with annotations
Schematic diagram of a dual clutch transmission. This shows the layout of two side-by-side single-plate clutches.

A dual clutch transmission,[1] commonly abbreviated to DCT[1] (sometimes informally referred to as a twin-clutch gearbox, double clutch transmission, or similar variations thereof), is a differing type of semi-automatic or automated manual automotive transmission. It utilises two separate clutches[2] for odd and even gear sets. It can fundamentally be described as two separate manual transmissions (with their respective clutches) contained within one housing, and working as one unit.[1][3] They are usually operated in a fully automatic mode, and many also have the ability to allow the driver to manually shift gears,[2] albeit still carried out by the transmission's electro-hydraulics.

This type of transmission was invented by Frenchman Adolphe Kégresse just prior to World War II,[4] but he never developed a working model. The first actual DCTs arrived in racing cars in the 1980s,[1] when computers to control the transmission became compact enough: the Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe (English: dual clutch gearbox) (PDK)[1] used in the Porsche 956[1] and 962[1] Le Mans race cars from 1983,[1] and the Audi Sport Quattro S1 rally car.[4][5]

A dual clutch transmission eliminates the torque converter as used in conventional epicyclic-geared automatic transmissions.[2] Instead, dual clutch transmissions that are currently on the market primarily use two oil-bathed wet multi-plate clutches, similar to the clutches used in most motorcycles, though dry clutch versions are also available.[6]

The first series production road car to be fitted with a DCT was the Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) in the 2003 Volkswagen Golf Mk4 R32.[1][7][8]

As of 2009, the largest number of sales of DCTs in Western Europe are by various marques of the German Volkswagen Group,[9] though this is anticipated to lessen as other transmission makers and vehicle manufacturers make DCTs available in series production automobiles.[1][10]

Contents

[edit] Overview

In DCTs where the two clutches are arranged concentrically, the larger outer clutch drives the odd numbered gears,[1][2][7] whilst the smaller inner clutch drives the even numbered gears.[1][2][7] Shifts can be accomplished without interrupting torque distribution to the driven roadwheels,[1][2][3][4][7] by applying the engine's torque to one clutch at the same time as it is being disconnected from the other clutch.[1][4] Since alternate gear ratios can pre-select[1][2][3][4] an odd gear on one gear shaft whilst the vehicle is being driven in an even gear,[3] (and vice versa), DCTs are able to shift more quickly than other cars equipped with single-clutch automated-manual transmissions (AMTs), a.k.a. single-clutch semi-automatics. Also, with a DCT, shifts can be made more smoothly than with an AMT, making a DCT more suitable for conventional road cars.[11][not in citation given]

[edit] Clutch types

There are two fundamental types of clutches utilised in dual clutch transmissions: either two wet multi-plate clutches which are bathed in oil (for cooling), or two dry single-plate clutches.[8] The wet clutch design is generally used for higher torque engines which can generate 350 newton metres (258 ft·lbf) and more (the wet multi-plate clutch DCT in the Bugatti Veyron is designed to cope with 1,250 newton metres (922 ft·lbf)[1]), whereas the dry clutch design is generally suitable for smaller vehicles with lower torque outputs up to 250 newton metres (184 ft·lbf).[1][6] However, whilst the dry clutch variants may be limited in torque compared to their wet clutch counterparts, the dry clutch variants offer an increase in fuel efficiency,[1] due to the lack of pumping losses of the transmission fluid in the clutch housing.[1]

[edit] Clutch installation

There are now three variations of clutch installation. The original design used a concentric arrangement, where both clutches shared the same plane when viewed perpendicularly from the transmission input shaft, along the same centre line as the engine crankshaft; when viewed head-on along the length of the input shaft, this makes one clutch noticeably larger than the other.

The second implementation utilised two single-plate dry clutches which are side-by-side from the perpendicular view, but again sharing the centre line of the crankshaft.

A latest variation uses two separate but identical sized clutches; these are arranged side-by-side when viewed head-on (along the length of the input shaft and crankshaft centre line), and also share the same plane when viewed perpendicularly. This latter clutch arrangement (unlike the other two variations) is driven via a gear from the engine crankshaft.

[edit] Suppliers

[edit] BorgWarner

BorgWarner Inc. is the current leading worldwide supplier[10] of wet dual clutches[1] and electro-hydraulic control modules (mechatronics)[2][10] for these dual clutch transmissions, along with complete dual clutch transmission and transaxle assemblies. BorgWarner, who call their technology "DualTronic",[2][10][12] entered series production for Volkswagen Group,[4][10] who re-named Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) in 2003 in the Volkswagen Golf Mk4 R32.[7][8][12] The company signed further agreements with three other (unnamed) European automotive manufacturers to incorporate their components in DCTs.[13]

On 14 January 2009, BorgWarner announced the establishment a joint venture with the China Automobile Development United Investment Co., Ltd. (CDUI) which is owned by twelve leading Chinese automakers. This joint venture will be known as the BorgWarner United Transmission Systems Co., Ltd., and will be located in Dalian, China. The company will produce various dual clutch transmission modules beginning in 2011.[14]

[edit] Getrag

Getrag has developed a complete range of DCT[15] transaxles, including 7DCL750, a seven-speed transaxle for mid-engine longitudinal applications, capable of taking more than 750 newton metres (553 ft·lbf).[16] Getrag will be providing its DCT in its first commercial applications, for the Dodge Journey and Volvo S40 and V50, from mid-2008.[17] Getrag has the 6DCT250 dry DCT under development, for use in front wheel drive transverse applications, and uses electro-mechanical actuation, rather than electro-hydraulic.[18]

In the 2nd quarter of 2008, Getrag had signed an agreement with Chrysler to supply its PowerShift DTCs for use in American markets.[4] However, due to the global economic downturn, this was subsequently cancelled.[4][19][20]

Getrag is also working with Bosch to develop a DCT for use in hybrid vehicles.[4][21][22]

Getrag dual clutch transmission designs are used in the BMW M3, high-performance Ferrari models, Nissan GTR and Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG.

[edit] Graziano

Italian specialist Graziano Transmissions is in the process of developing a wet clutch DCT for original equipment manufacturer (OEM) fitment into supercars.[23] It aims to be in production by 2010, and will be targeting automakers such as Ferrari, Maserati and Aston Martin.[23] Their DCT is aiming to have a torque handling capacity of 750 newton metres (553 ft·lbf),[23] and they are also aiming to improve shift quality over their current automated manual transmissions (AMTs).[23]

[edit] LuK

LuK Clutch Systems, LLC. designed and manufacture the dual dry single plate clutch system for the Volkswagen Group seven-speed DQ200 Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) introduced in 2008.[24] This DSG variant is used in smaller cars, with smaller displacement engines with relatively low torque outputs.[24] LuK are naming their technology "XSG" for their overview of automated shift gearbox systems,[25] and "Parallel Shift Gearbox" (PSG) for its own proprietary DCT.[26]

[edit] Ricardo

English specialist consulting engineering company Ricardo plc designed and built the Bugatti Veyron's seven-speed dual wet multi-plate dual clutch transmission, specifically to cope with the 1,250 newton metres (922 ft·lbf) of torque generated by the cars' W16 engine.[1][2][4][27]

[edit] ZF

ZF Friedrichshafen AG designed and build the two different variants[28] of the Porsche Doppel-Kupplung getriebe (PDK) seven-speed '7DT' dual wet multi-plate clutch transmission.[28][29][30][31][32]

[edit] Applications

[edit] BMW

In January 2008, BMW introduced a dual clutch transmission for their M3 model, manufactured by Getrag and dubbed M Dual Clutch Transmission (M DCT). The same transmission is to be used in the upcoming redesigned Z4 (the Sdrive35i version).[33]

[edit] Chrysler

Chrysler is scheduled to receive Fiat Powertrain Technologies dual dry-clutch transmission for use in a new D segment car by the end of 2010.[34]

[edit] Fiat Group

Ferrari incorporated a Getrag designed and manufactured seven-speed dual wet clutch transmission in their California and upcoming 458 Italia sportscars.[35][36]

Fiat Powertrain Technologies (FPT) is starting production of Dual Dry Clutch Transmission (DDCT) in early 2010 at the Verrone plant.[37] The C635 DDCT gearbox is used for B (supermini), C (compact car), and D segment (large family car) cars, and can handle torque up to 350 newton metres (258 ft·lbf).[37][38] Fiat's C635 DDCT gearbox uses BorgWarner DualTronic control system, and the C635 family DDCT gearbox will be introduced in Alfa Romeo MiTo in early 2010.

[edit] Ford Motor Company

Ford Motor Company has released a wet clutch "PowerShift"[1][4] transmission on the 2008 Ford Focus (international)[4][39] and Ford C-MAX. This wet clutch[4] DCT was designed with gearbox specialist Getrag[4] under the GETRAG FORD Transmissions joint venture, founded in 2001,[40][41] and is expected to feature in other Ford and Volvo[39] models. Ford has announced the US-market version of the Mark VI Ford Fiesta coming in 2011 will feature a dry clutch[4] PowerShift transmission. Ford also announced the introduction of PowerShift transmission to North American market by 2010.[1][42]

The Volvo version will be built in Koping, Sweden at Volvo's transmission plant. The PowerShift gearbox will be introduced on the second generation Volvo S60,[42] and then on to the V50[39] and C30[39] models. The XC60 is expected to get this Ford PowerShift gearbox along with other new models to make more sporty cars.

[edit] General Motors

In the company's restructuring plan, it revealed that dry dual clutch transmission would be available in 2012 calendar year.[43]

[edit] Honda

In October 2009, Honda launched the VFR1200F,[44] a motorcycle with a 1,200 cc V4 engine and optional DCT dubbed the Next Generation Transmission.[45] In May 2009, Honda CEO Takeo Fukui mentioned that Honda was working on a new dual clutch transmission system that could be matched with future hybrids.[46]

[edit] Hyundai

At the 2009 Geneva Motor Show, Hyundai unveiled ix-onic concept car, which was said to feature a six-speed dual clutch transmission.[47]

[edit] Mercedes-Benz

The upcoming Mercedes SLS AMG will use a Getrag[48] AMG 'SpeedShift' seven-speed dual clutch gearbox, mounted at the rear in a transaxle configuration, and connected to the engine via a carbon fibre driveshaft enclosed in an aluminium torque tube.[48][49] According to Mercedes-Benz, it is capable of gear changes in as little as 100 ms.[49]

[edit] Mitsubishi

Main article: Twin Clutch SST

The Mitsubishi Motors Lancer Evolution X and Lancer Ralliart are supplied with Mitsubishi's Twin Clutch SST (abbreviated TC-SST, for "Twin Clutch Sport Shift Transmission" or "Twin Clutch Sportronic Shift Transmission") dual clutch transmission,[50] controllable by steering wheel mounted magnesium paddle shifters.[51] It is the Getrag-built, PowerShift 6DCT470[51][52] transmission in the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution.[51][52]

[edit] Nissan

The Nissan GT-R's rear transaxle six-speed dual clutch transmission also contains the differential for the car's four-wheel drive (4WD) system. The DCT system was built by BorgWarner,[10] partnered with Nissan's gearbox supplier Aichi, and weighs a total installed mass of 117 kilograms (258 lb).[53] Nissan reports shift times of 200 milliseconds.[54]

[edit] Porsche

Porsche AG offers a series production[28] of two new longitudinally-installed, ZF Friedrichshafen AG designed and built[29][32] '7DT' wet-clutch versions[28] of its previously race-only[5][32] Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe[32] (PDK) transmission.

The first variant, the 7DT-45,[28] is used on its 2009 997 Carrera and Carrera S models.[3][29][55][56] This version is also offered on the 2009 Cayman,[3][28] Boxster[3][28] It uses a ZF Sachs ND2015 clutch pack,[28] and has a torque handling capacity of 500 newton metres (369 ft·lbf).[28] A higher torque version of the same transmission, the 7DT-70,[28] is also available for the 2010 911 Turbo.[28][57] This is rated at 780 newton metres (575 ft·lbf),[28] and uses a different ZF Sachs clutch - the ND2216.[28]

The second PDK variant, the 7DT-75,[28] is available on the 2009 Panamera.[3][28][32][58] This is constructed fundamentally different to the 7DT-45/7DT-70 versions; in that the internal shafts are mounted above the input shaft, so as to achieve a lower centre of gravity for the Panamera.[28] It also uses just one oil circuit,[28] whereas the 7DT-45/7DT-70 use two separate circuits;[28] with very different specifications of fluids needed.[28]

Both fundamental variants use seven forward speeds,[3][30][55] and Porsche claim the Doppelkupplung PDK transmission will replace the outgoing conventional Tiptronic automatic transmissions.[29][55] However, other reliable industry sources state that Porsche still intends to use conventional automatics; with the eight-speed ZF 8HP being cited.[28] Like all DCTs, the Porsche PDK transmission is fundamentally two separate manual transmissions in one.[3] With the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th gears and reverse available on one shaft,[3] and 2nd, 4th, and 6th gears available on the other shaft.[3][59]

Porsche claim noteworthy improvements in CO2 emissions of around 15% when comparing DTC installations against its former automatic transmission,[28] of which a half can be directly attributed to the DTC.[28] And when compared directly with a manual transmission; 16% improvement can be directly attributed to the DTC.[28]

The 2010 Cayenne will also have its conventional automatic transmission deleted in favour of the new PDK.[citation needed]

[edit] Renault

Renault will be introducing a new six-speed dual dry clutch DCT in the early part of 2010. This will initially be made available on the New Mégane with the dCi 110 DPF engine.[60] This will enable these DCT-equipped Meganes to be the marque's first automatic cars to qualify for the Renault eco² signature.[60][clarification needed]

[edit] Volkswagen Group

Main article: Direct-Shift Gearbox

Volkswagen Group (VWAG) produces DCTs under the Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) name,[9] from the German: Direkt-Schalt-Getriebe.[61] It is used in all of their mainstream marques, including Volkswagen Passenger Cars,[10] Audi,[10] SEAT, Škoda, and Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, and also its top-tier marque Bugatti. Audi originally used the Direct-Shift Gearbox (DSG) name, it now uses the name "S tronic" for its DCTs.[4]

The first ever worldwide series production DCT was the Volkswagen Group DQ250[9] six-speed dual clutch transmission,[7] with dual concentric wet multi-plate clutches.[7] It was produced at VWAGs Kassel plant[1][2] under exclusive license from Borg-Warner[4][10] for use in transverse powertrain installations, of either front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive (4WD) layouts.[7] The 4WD versions are fundamentally identical to the 2WD versions, but the 4WD versions use an additional bolt-on power take-off unit to direct engine torque to the Haldex Traction rear axle. This DQ250 variant is used in a wide range of models: Volkswagen Passenger Cars (Polo, Golf/Rabbit/Golf Plus, Jetta, Eos, Passat and Touran); Audi cars (A3, and TT); SEAT cars (Ibiza, León, Altea and Toledo); Škoda cars (Octavia and Superb); and Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles (Caddy and T5 Transporter).

A second variant of the Direct-Shift Gearbox went into series production in 2008[8] – the DQ200. This consists of seven forward ratios,[8] but the notable difference over the original DQ250 is the change from wet- to dry-clutches.[1][8] This variant uses two single-plate dry clutches, arranged in a tandem design (instead of concentrically) and are therefore similar in size. The DQ200 is again for use in transverse applications, but is intended for use in smaller cars, with smaller displacement engines that generate relatively low torque outputs.[1][8][9] When used in the latest Golf with the 90 kilowatts (122 PS; 121 hp) engine, this new 7-speed DSG uses up to 20% less fuel than the same engine with a manual transmission.[8] The original DQ250 also remains available.

Volkswagen Group subsidiary Audi AG have also developed an all-new DCT - the DL501, for use in longitudinal powertrains.[9][62] Like the original transverse DQ250, this DL501 utilises dual wet multi-plate clutches, but unlike the DQ250, this variant uses seven forward ratios.[9] This DL501 variant made its debut in the Q5,[62] and also is used in the latest versions of the A4 (B8)[62] and S4 (B8).[62][63] It is also be considered for use in an all new A6.[62]

Lamborghini, although owned by Volkswagen Group subsidiary Audi AG, does not use a dual clutch transmission; it has a robotised single clutch electrohydraulic manual transmission called "E gear", which is identical to the Audi R8 "R tronic" transmission.

English specialist consulting engineering company Ricardo plc produces the seven-speed DCT for the 736 kilowatts (1,001 PS; 987 bhp) 2005 Bugatti Veyron EB 16.4.[2][4][27]

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z "Automatic-shifting dual-clutch transmissions are poised to grab share from traditional transmissions thanks to their combination of efficiency and convenience" (PDF). AEI-online.org (DCTfacts.com). June 2009. http://www.dctfacts.com/documents/1-117-6-20.pdf. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Powertrain - transmissions: Shift in power to the gearbox" (PDF). AMS (UnofficialBMW.com). September/October 2003. http://www.unofficialbmw.com/images/SHIFT1.pdf. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK)". Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG. Porsche.com. http://www.porsche.com/microsite/technology/default.aspx?pool=uk&ShowSingleTechterm=PTPDopKuGe&Category=&Model=&SearchedString=&SelectedVariant=. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "Dual clutches take the lead". Findlay Media Ltd. EurekaMagazine.co.uk. 13 March 2009. http://www.eurekamagazine.co.uk/article/17517/Dual-clutches-take-the-lead.aspx. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  5. ^ a b "The Porsche Transmission". Lüfteknic.com. http://www.lufteknic.com/trans.html#Tiptronic. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  6. ^ a b "Wet Clutch or Dry Clutch?". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. http://www.dctfacts.com/widc_pg2a.asp. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Volkswagen Group / Volkswagen AG - Volkswagen-Media-Services.com (22 November 2002). "Volkswagen DSG - World's first dual-clutch gearbox in a production car". Press release. https://www.volkswagen-media-services.com/medias_publish/ms/content/en/pressemitteilungen/2002/11/22/volkswagen_dsg_-_world.standard.gid-oeffentlichkeit.html. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h "The 7-speed DSG - the intelligent automatic gearbox from Volkswagen". Volkswagen Group / Volkswagen AG. VolkswagenAG.com. 21 January 2008. http://www.volkswagenag.com/vwag/vwcorp/info_center/en/themes/2008/01/the_7speed_dsg.html. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  9. ^ a b c d e f "Volkswagen Group extends reach of dual clutch transmissions". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. 8 May 2009. http://www.dctfacts.com/hmStory6a.asp. Retrieved 31 October 2009. "Some 311,000 light vehicles were produced in Western Europe with dual-clutch transmissions in 2008, according to data from JD Power; of these, the overwhelming majority were Volkswagen Group models." 
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Dual-Clutch technology voted Transmission of The Future at CTI Symposium". Gordon Communictions. TheAutoChannel.com. 11 March 2009. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2009/03/11/453000.html. Retrieved 9 November 2009. 
  11. ^ "How dual-clutch transmissions work". HowStuffWorks.com. http://auto.howstuffworks.com/dual-clutch-transmission.htm. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  12. ^ a b "BorgWarner - Our History". BorgWarner Inc.. BorgWarner.com. http://www.borgwarner.com/about/history/. Retrieved 29 October 2009. 
  13. ^ "Dual-clutch gearbox production rapidly expanding" (PDF). Ward's Engine & Vehicle Technology Update. BorgWarner.com. 1 February 2006. http://borgwarner.com/in_the_news/2006-02-01-Wards.pdf. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  14. ^ BorgWarner (14 January 2009). "BorgWarner announces Joint Venture with 12 Chinese OEMs to produce Dual Clutch Transmission Modules" (PDF). Press release. http://www.borgwarner.com/feature/012209_TS-JV_in_China.pdf. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  15. ^ "Dual clutch transmissions (DCTs)". GETRAG Corporate Group. GETRAG.de. http://getrag.de/en/216. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  16. ^ "GETRAG Powershift 7DCL750 transmission". GETRAG Corporate Group. GETRAG.de. http://getrag.de/en/253. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  17. ^ Lewin, Tony (17 September 2007). "Getrag's dual-clutch transmissions to take off". Crain Communications, Inc.. Automotive News Europe. http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070917/ANE/70914051&template=printart&AssignSessionID=173370848043816. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  18. ^ "GETRAG Powershift 6DCT250 transmission". GETRAG Corporate Group. GETRAG.de. http://getrag.de/en/231. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  19. ^ "Chrysler deal with Getrag reportedly dead". Weblogs, Inc.. AutoBlog.com. 19 October 2008. http://www.autoblog.com/2008/10/19/chrysler-deal-with-getrag-reportedly-dead/. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  20. ^ "Chrysler investigated after collapse of Getrag deal". Crain Communications, Inc.. AutoWeek.com. 26 March 2009. http://www.autoweek.com/article/20090326/carnews/903269995. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  21. ^ "Bosch and Getrag have agreed to work together on hybrid systems". Robert Bosch GmbH. Bosch.co.uk - press forum. 5 June 2006. http://www.bosch.co.uk/content/language2/html/3492_4616.htm. Retrieved 10 November 2009. 
  22. ^ "Bosch and Getrag to Work Together on Hybrid Systems". BioAge Group, LLC.. GreenCarCongress.com. 5 June 2006. http://www.greencarcongress.com/2006/06/bosch_and_getra.html. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  23. ^ a b c d "Supercar OEMs seek quick change to DCTs". Automotive Engineer, UK. AE-plus.com. October 2007. http://www.ae-plus.com/AE%20Files/070938.htm. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  24. ^ a b "LuK dual dry clutch 7-speed DSG gearbox in volume production at Volkswagen (Group)". Schaeffler Group USA Inc., BÜHL, GERMANY. LuKclutch.com. 13 February 2008. http://www.lukclutch.com/content.schaeffler_as.us/us/press/press-releases/press-details.jsp?id=2877676. Retrieved 27 October 2009. 
  25. ^ "LuK XSG range". LuK GmbH & Co. oHG. LuK.com. 2009. http://www.luk.com/content.luk.de/en/products/transmission_components/luk-xsg-family/luk-xsg-family.jsp?. Retrieved 10 November 2009. 
  26. ^ "LuK PSG Components". LuK GmbH & Co. oHG. LuK.com. 2009. http://www.luk.com/content.luk.de/en/products/transmission_components/luk-xsg-family/psg_sv/psg_sv.jsp. Retrieved 10 November 2009. 
  27. ^ a b "Ricardo Extends DCT Production for Open-top Bugatti". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. 16 January 2009. http://www.dctfacts.com/hmStory2b.asp. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "FEATURE: ZF's new 7DT 'Mood-Sensing' Dual-Clutch Transmissions". CSM Worldwide. Just-Auto.com. 23 September 2009. http://www.just-auto.com/article.aspx?id=101268. Retrieved 9 November 2009. 
  29. ^ a b c d "ZF in the Porsche 911 Carrera: Porsche Carrera - Versatility with sports car genetics". ZF Friedrichshafen AG. ZF.com. http://www.zf.com/corporate/en/company/references/success_stories/porsche_carrera/porsche_carrera.jsp. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  30. ^ a b "ZF 7-speed dual clutch transmission". ZF Friedrichshafen AG. ZF.com. http://www.zf.com/corporate/en/products/innovations/7_speed_dualclutch/7_speed_dualclutch.html. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  31. ^ "Top 911 moves to industry-standard shift controls". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. 24 September 2009. http://www.dctfacts.com/lnws_pg12a.asp. Retrieved 27 October 2009. 
  32. ^ a b c d e "Porsche Joins the DCT Set". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. http://www.dctfacts.com/hmStory3.asp. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  33. ^ www.bmwusa.com
  34. ^ "Chrysler CEO Sergio Marchionne presents 5-year business plan". Weblogs, Inc.. AutoBlog.com. 4 November 2009. http://www.autoblog.com/2009/11/04/live-blog-chrysler-ceo-sergio-marchionne-presents-5-year-busine/. Retrieved 5 November 2009. 
  35. ^ "F149 GT revealed to be new Ferrari California". PaulTan.org. 13 Ma7 2008. http://paultan.org/archives/2008/05/13/f149-gt-revealed-to-be-new-ferrari-california/. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  36. ^ "Ferrari chooses DCT for its latest supercar". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. http://www.dctfacts.com/lapp_pg3a.asp. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  37. ^ a b "Production of the new C635 family of transmissions gets under way at the FPT facility in Verrone" (PDF). Press release. 8 October 2009. http://www.fptpowertrain.com/eng/pdf/press_release.pdf. Retrieved 7 November 2009. 
  38. ^ "Fiat to Develop and Deploy Its First Dual Clutch Transmissions for Small- and Mid-Sized Cars". BioAge Group, LLC.. GreenCarCongress.com. 28 January 2008. http://www.greencarcongress.com/2008/01/fiat-to-develop.html. Retrieved 30 October 2009. 
  39. ^ a b c d "Ford Ford Focus 2.0 TDCi Powershift (2008-) review". 4car. Channel4.com. http://www.channel4.com/4car/rt/ford/focus/22961/2. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  40. ^ "GETRAG FORD Transmissions". GETRAG. Getrag.de. http://www.getrag.de/en/195. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  41. ^ "Driven by efficiency". Schofield Publishing Ltd. EuropeanSupplyChainManagement.co.uk. 30 September 2006. http://www.europeansupplychainmanagement.co.uk/article-page.php?contentid=1991&issueid=91. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  42. ^ a b "Ford officially announces dual clutch PowerShift gearbox for 2010". Weblogs, Inc.. AutoBlog.com. 21 January 2009. http://www.autoblog.com/2009/01/21/ford-officially-announces-dual-clutch-powershift-gearbox-for-201/3. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  43. ^ "GM Restructuring Plan Reveals CTS Coupe, Dual-Clutch Gearbox, 26 Hybrids by 2014". Interlink Media. MotorTrend.com. 18 February 2009. http://wot.motortrend.com/6475908/auto-news/gm-restructuring-plan-reveals-cts-coupe-dual-clutch-gearbox-26-hybrids-by-2014/index.html. Retrieved 28 October 2008. 
  44. ^ Atlas, Steve (8 October 2009). "2010 Honda VFR1200F First Look". Motorcycle USA. http://www.motorcycle-usa.com/625/4795/Motorcycle-Article/2010-Honda-VFR1200F-First-Look.aspx. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  45. ^ "Honda developing dual clutch motorcycle transmission". HellForLeatherMagazine.com. 3 March 2009. http://hellforleathermagazine.com/2008/11/honda-developing-dual-clutch-m.html. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  46. ^ "Honda's Fukui says worst is over, sees 2nd-half improvement". Crain Communications, Inc.. AutoNews.com. 17 May 2009. http://www.autonews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090517/ANA02/905179977. Retrieved 28 October 2009. [registration required]
  47. ^ "Geneva 2009: Hyundai ix-onic concept is far more enticing than its name". Weblogs, Inc.. AutoBlog.com. 4 March 2009. http://www.autoblog.com/2009/03/04/geneva-2009-hyundai-ix-onic-concept-is-far-more-enticing-than-i/. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  48. ^ a b "Mercedes-Benz SLS - road test first drive". Haymarket Media Group. Autocar.co.uk. 8 September 2009. http://www.autocar.co.uk/CarReviews/FirstDrives/Mercedes-Benz-SLS-6.2-V8/241523/. Retrieved 5 November 2009. 
  49. ^ a b "Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG (2011)". NetCarShow.com. 29 September 2009. http://www.netcarshow.com/mercedes-benz/2011-sls_amg/. Retrieved 5 November 2009. 
  50. ^ Mitsubishi Motors (10 July 2007). "Mitsubishi Motors develops S-AWC vehicle dynamics control system & Twin Clutch SST automated manual transmission". Press release. http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/corporate/detail1657.html. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  51. ^ a b c "2008 Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution X MR: Are Shift Paddles for Wimps?". Edmunds Inc.. Blogs.Edmunds.com. 2009-05-06. http://blogs.edmunds.com/roadtests/2009/05/2008-mitsubishi-lancer-evolution-x-mr-are-shift-paddles-for-wimps.html. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  52. ^ a b "SS-T: The Magic Inside the Evo X". The Motor Report Pty. Ltd.. TheMotorReport.com.au. 14 April 2008. http://www.themotorreport.com.au/4259/ss-t-the-magic-inside-the-evo-x/. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  53. ^ "BorgWarner DCT for Nissan's GT-R". SAE International. SAE.org. http://www.sae.org/automag/technewsletter/080205Tech/04.htm. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  54. ^ "Nissan GT-R". Dennis Publishing Ltd. evo.co.uk. January 2008. http://www.evo.co.uk/carreviews/evocarreviews/213627/nissan_gtr.html. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  55. ^ a b c Porsche Cars Great Britain Ltd. / Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG (6 June 2008). "New Porsche 911 with Direct Fuel Injection and Double-Clutch Gearbox". Press release. http://www.porsche.com/uk/aboutporsche/pressreleases/pag/archive2008/quarter2/?pool=international-de&id=2008-06-06-01. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  56. ^ "Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) - 911 Carrera & 911 Targa 4 Models". Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG. Porsche.com. http://www.porsche.com/microsite/technology/default.aspx?pool=uk&ShowSingleTechterm=PTPDopKuGe&Category=&Model=&SearchedString=&SelectedVariant=PMT911CarreraTarga. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  57. ^ "The new 911 Turbo. Efficiency demands performance.". Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG. Porsche.com. http://www.porsche.com/microsite/911turbo. Retrieved 7 November 2009. 
  58. ^ "Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK) - Panamera Models". Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG. Porsche.com. http://www.porsche.com/microsite/technology/default.aspx?pool=uk&ShowSingleTechterm=PTPDopKuGe&Category=&Model=&SearchedString=&SelectedVariant=PMTPanameraAll. Retrieved 31 October 2009. 
  59. ^ "2009 Porsche Carrera PDK Transmission" (YouTube video interview with Porsche official). Roadfly.com/YouTube, LLC. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVElNKCfdas. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
  60. ^ a b "Renault - Dual-Clutch Transmission". Renault. Renault.com. 2009. http://www.renault.com/en/Innovation/stars-mecaniques/pages/transmission-dct.aspx. Retrieved 6 November 2009. 
  61. ^ Volkswagen Service Training Manual 308 - 02E 6-speed DSG 
  62. ^ a b c d e "Inside Audi's premium DCT". The Lubrizol Corporation. DCTfacts.com. 8 May 2009. http://www.dctfacts.com/indusIn_pg3.asp. Retrieved 27 October 2009. 
  63. ^ "2009 Audi S4 Sedan, Avant revealed ahead of Paris". Audi AG. Jalopnik.com. 23 September 2008. http://jalopnik.com/5053499/2009-audi-s4-sedan-avant-revealed-ahead-of-paris. Retrieved 28 October 2009. 
v • d • e
Powertrain
Part of the Automobile series
Hybrid powertrains
Transmission
Suspension
Steering
Brakes
Roadwheels
and tires (tyres)
Portal · Category
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual_clutch_transmission"



Product Results (view all...)

search wiki for    ?
web dir firms image gallery news pdf wiki shop video 



↑ top of page ↑about thumbshots