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In contrast to centrally organised states, in the federally constituted Switzerland each Canton is completely free to decide its own internal organisation. Therefore there exists a variety of structures and terminology for the subnational entities between Canton and Municipality, loosely termed districts (i.e. Urban Administration Districts). Most Cantons are divided into Bezirke (German for districts). They are also termed Ämter (Lucerne), Amtsbezirke (Bern), district (in French) or distretto (Tessin and part of Graubünden). The Bezirke generally provide only administration and court organization. However, for historical reasons districts in cantons Graubünden and Schwyz are their own legal entities with jurisdiction over tax and often have their own Landsgemeinde. Eight of the 26 Cantons – Uri, Obwalden, Nidwalden, Glarus, Zug, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-City and Geneva – have historically done without the district level of government; each with its own reason, be it historical or practical or because the area is small enough already. A number of further cantons have dispensed with the district level recently, Appenzell Ausserrhoden in 1995, Schaffhausen in 1999, St Gallen in 2003 and Lucerne in 2007. A number of further cantons are considering (or have already decided) an abolition of the district level in the future: Schwyz in 2006 voted on its abolition, but voted in favour of keeping the division. Berne in 2006 divided a reduction of its 26 districts to five administrative regions. Vaud decided a reduction from 19 to 10 districts. Valais is planning a similar reduction and in Thurgau, a reduction of eight to four districts is under discussion.
[edit] Zurich The Canton of Zürich is divided into 12 districts (German: Bezirke):
[edit] Bern The Canton of Bern is divided into 26 districts (German: Amtsbezirke; French: districts):
In 2006, the voting population of Berne decided to abolish the above system in favour of a division in five regions, active from 1 January 2010: Berner Jura, Seeland (with two subregions, Biel/Bienne and Seeland), Bern-Mittelland, Oberland (with subregions Thun, Obersimmental-Saanen, Frutigen-Niedersimmental, Interlaken-Oberhasli) and Emmental-Oberaargau (with two subregions, Emmental and Oberaargau) [edit] Lucerne The Canton of Lucerne used to be divided into 5 Ämter:
These were abolished with the new cantonal constitution of 2007, although they will continue to be used as electoral districts. [edit] Schwyz The Canton of Schwyz is divided into 6 districts:
[edit] Fribourg The Canton of Fribourg is divided into 7 districts:
[edit] Solothurn From 2005, Solothurn's ten districts are merged pairwise into five electoral districts, termed Amtei. From 2005, districts only have a statistical meaning.
[edit] Basel-Country Basel-Country is divided into 5 districts:
[edit] Appenzell Innerrhoden In Appenzell Innerrhoden districts are the lowest administrative division: the canton is not subdivided in municipalities. Because of that, for firefighting, energy and water, the town Appenzell has a special-purpose municipality, the Feuerschaugemeinde. The Canton is divided into 6 districts: [edit] St. Gallen The canton abolished the district level in 2003, but it remains divided into eight constituencies (Wahlkreise) without administrative significance:
[edit] Graubünden Graubünden is divided into 11 districts:
[edit] Aargau Aargau is divided into 11 districts:
[edit] Thurgau Thurgau is divided into eight districts, and each is named after its capital:
[edit] Ticino Ticino is divided into 8 districts:
[edit] Vaud Vaud is divided into 10 districts:
[edit] Valais Valais is divided into 14 districts:
[edit] Neuchâtel The Canton of Neuchâtel is divided into 6 districts:
[edit] Jura The Canton of Jura is divided into 3 districts:
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