Diosdado Macapagal International Airport Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Diosdado Macapagal Sulapawang Internasyonal ning Diosdado Macapagal
Exterior of Diosdado Macapagal International Airport
IATA: CRK – ICAO: RPLC
Summary
Airport type		Public
Operator		Clark International Airport Corporation (CIAC)
Serves		Angeles City
Location		Clark Special Economic Zone, Angeles City, Pampanga
Hub for		Cebu Pacific
Elevation AMSL		148 m / 484 ft
Coordinates		15°11′09″N 120°33′37″E / 15.18583°N 120.56028°E / 15.18583; 120.56028
Website		www.clarkairport.com
Runways
Direction	Length		Surface
	m	ft
02R/20L	3,200	10,499	Concrete
02L/20R	3,200	10,499	Concrete
Source: DAFIF[1][2]

Diosdado Macapagal International Airport (DMIA, Filipino: Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Diosdado Macapagal, Kapampangan: Sulapawang Internasyonal ning Diosdado Macapagal), also called Clark International Airport (IATA: CRK, ICAO: RPLC), is the main airport serving the immediate vicinity of the Clark Special Economic Zone (CSEZ) and the general area of Angeles City in the Philippines. It also serves the northern and central regions of Luzon, and being 85 kilometers (50 miles) from the older Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) that serves Manila, DMIA also serves Metro Manila and its immediate vicinity. It is located on an area of the economic zone formerly utilized as the Clark Air Base, which was closed in late 1991 by the U.S. Air Forces after the explosion of Mount Pinatubo.

The two parallel runways of DMIA are capable of NASA Space Shuttle landings. However, it is no longer listed as an active landing site^[3], and it has never had a Space Shuttle land there^[4].

The airport is managed by the Clark International Airport Corporation (CIAC), a government-owned and/or controlled corporation.

DMIA is being developed to be the Premier Gateway Airport of the Philippines, replacing NAIA by the year 2010.^[5]

[edit] History

• 1993: The former Clark Air Base was reopened as the Clark Special Economic Zone (CSEZ) after the area was cleared from lahar debris from the Mount Pinatubo explosion and a typhoon that followed.
• 1995: During the administration of former President Fidel V. Ramos, Clark International Airport was designated to be the future primary international gateway of the Philippines and the major international airport of Metro Manila and its neighboring provinces when Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Metro Manila has reached full capacity and can no longer be expanded.
• 2003: Clark International Airport was renamed by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo as the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport (DMIA), in memory of her father, former President Diosdado Macapagal.
• February 5, 2007: President Arroyo ordered the Clark International Airport Corporation (CIAC) to fund the US$1.7 billion (PH₱76.5 billion) expansion of DMIA and the approval of a US$2 million (PH₱90 million) study plan financed by the Korean International Cooperation Agency.
• March 2007: Gate Gourmet and Miascor invested US$3 million (PH₱135 million) to construct an in-flight catering service facility. The new facility will be able to prepare over 4,000 meals a day for the airlines operating from DMIA, and it is being constructed on a 3,000m² site adjacent to the CIAC headquarters.^[6]
• April 5, 2007 President Arroyo led the official activation newly-installed US$9.3 million (PH₱418.5 million) modern terminal radar system.^[7]
• October 12, 2007: An Airbus A380 MSN009 test aircraft landed in DMIA and demonstrated that it can be used under normal airline operating conditions. This shows that DMIA can operate the Airbus A380 and become the Premier Airport of the Philippines in near future.^[8]
• January 2008: The first stage of DMIA's expansion program, a PH₱130 million terminal expansion, was completed to accommodate more than 2 million passengers annually.^[9]
• November 6, 2008 President Arroyo leads in the time-capsule laying ceremonies for the US$100 million (PH₱4.5 billion) maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) facility of SIA Engineering Company.^[10]
• November 9, 2008: Officials of CIAC and Spirit of Manila Airlines led the groundbreaking ceremonies for the construction of a world-class aircraft hangar facility worth PH₱1 billion.^[11] The hangar is expected to be completed by mid-2009, which will house various aircraft such as Boeing 747-8 and Airbus A380.^[12]
• May 4, 2009 The M.A. Kharafi and Sons, a large private company based in Kuwait with a variety of commercial interests, expressed its interest to invest some US$1.2 billion (PH₱54 billion) in further developing the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport.^[13]

[edit] Completed Projects

[edit] Terminal Radar Approach Control System

In 2007, DMIA received and activated a Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) system, worth US$9.3 million, that translates to investment in the future of air travel at Clark. The TRACON can track aircraft in a radius pattern up to 220 nautical miles from DMIA, and with this system in place, it places the airport along with other major airports around the region.^[14] This system adds significant safety advantages, speeds-up arrivals and departures, and ensures a greater level of airline pilots' confidence. The system answers the needs of - and opens the door to - major air carriers to establish service at DMIA, and the radar installation makes the airport compliant with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards.^[14]

In addition to the TRACON system, various state-of-the-art electronic communication, radar, navigation, approach lighting, and fire/safety systems have been implemented at the DMIA; these systems include an Instrument Landing System (ILS) Doppler, Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR), VHF/UHF Transmitters, modern meteorological equipment, Precision Approach Path Indicator, Airfield Ground Lighting Systems (AGLS), and an advanced Category 9 Crash, Fire and Rescue Equipment system.^[14]

The CIAC ensures the work is done safely when it works with various contractors for critical airport equipment and infrastructure. In the instance of the TRACON radar system mentioned above, one of the largest European telecommunications companies, SELEX Sistemi Integrati, was hired as the prime contractor.^[14]

[edit] Clark Polytechnic

Two factors responsible for SIA Engineering Company (SIAEC)'s presence in the Philippines and bringing such a huge operation to the DMIA include the highly-trained and diligent traits of the Filipino worker and the fact that Clark has a specialized aircraft maintenance trade school in the Economic Zone.^[14]

Clark Polytechnic offers training in various areas of aircraft maintenance. Various courses in Aircraft Maintenance Technology prepare students for various aspects of Aviation Technology, and some of these include: junior airframe, power plant mechanic, aircraft specialist, composite technician, aircraft system technician, cabin and interior mechanic, maintenance planner, and aircraft welder to name a few.^[14]

The school also has a new, state of the art A320 aircraft simulator for training aircraft pilots and one can see and practice the future aircraft being covered. Clark Polytechnic will ensure the needs are met for aircraft maintenance workers and pilot training to provide highly qualified employees in important airline industries in the future.^[14]

[edit] Terminal Statistics

[edit] Terminal Complex

[edit] Terminal 1

The PH₱130million current expanded Terminal 1, designed to accommodate at least one million to two million passengers annually, was inaugurated by President Arroyo on April 2008 to serve the growing passenger volume due to the entry of foreign and local budget carriers at the airport. The expansion project involves the following:

• Construction of a new motorpool.^[20]
• Construction of a new car park shed.^[21]
• Removal and repainting of deteriorated markings on the runways, taxiways, and apron.^[22]
• Renovation of the airport's security office.^[23]
• Renovation of Restrooms & Lockers.^[24]
• Replacement of the existing Flight Information Display System (FIDS) at the Passenger Terminal Building.^[25]
• Overlaying of Asphalt at COB, Blocker 3 and Taxiway Bravo.^[26]

[edit] Terminal 2

The Terminal 2 of the DMIA comes in two phases. The project will start in October 2009 year and will be completed in 2011.^[27]

The first phase of the project includes an airport terminal, main gateway and main boulevard to the airport and a covered parking area, offices, conference rooms, among other amenities of an airport that will be the most favored logistics hub in the Asia-Pacific region and it costs US$100 million (PH₱4.5 billion)^[28].

The second phase will cost about US$1.1 billion (PH₱49.5 billion) for the construction of facilities and buildings.^[29] This phase involves the following:

• Extension of the eastern runway to 4000 meters.^[30]
• Construction of a high-speed train.^[31]
• Construction of a Y-shaped main passenger terminal building with 126 jetways (19 which are A380 ready) and a X-shaped satellite concourse with 79 jetways (12 which are A380 ready), and a new control tower in the midfield.
• Construction of new taxiways and aprons.
• Construction of a new runway.
• Construction of a new cargo terminal complex.
• Construction of a new control tower.
• Construction of an Airport Plaza which will house the well-wishers facility.
• Construction of Management Offices, a Business Center, and an airport hotel with retail space.
• Construction of a Ground Transportation Center (GTC) below the Airport Plaza which will house an Airport Railway station, the airport bus station, the taxi station, and the car rentals.
• Installation of several Automatic People Movers (APM), connecting the Airport Plaza and the GTC with the main passenger and satellite terminals.

[edit] Master Plan

When completed, DMIA will have:

• 145 frontal (jetways) and 134 remote gates, totaling 279 gates.
• 3 parallel runways
• Once completed, it can accommodate 110 million passengers annually^[32], thus becoming one of the largest and most technologically advanced airports in the world.

Additional Features:

• Three parallel runways, capable of NASA space shuttle landings (one of only three in world).
• Facility can accommodate the A380 once completed.
• Will be one of the largest airports in the world.

[edit] Other Projects

• Construction of two new railway lines, one for the Airport Railway, and another for the NorthRail commuter and high speed rail line serving Metro Manila and several northern Luzon provinces.^[33]
• Construction of two interchanges on the Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway to DMIA, which will then connect to the existing North Luzon Expressway due to finished by February 2009^[34].

[edit] Runways

DMIA currently has two 3,200-meter parallel runways, one of which will be extended to 4,000 meters to accommodate new generation wide-bodied aircraft. The runways' descriptions include^[35]:

• The primary runway (Runway 02R/20L) has a length of 3,200 meters and a width of 60 meters. It is equipped with various navigational aids and lighting facilities, and it has a Category 1 rating for precision approach.
• The secondary runway (Runway 02L/20R) has the same length as the primary runway (3,200 meters) and a width of 45 meters, and it is currently used for Visual Flight Rules (VFR) only since the navigational aids and lighting facilities present in the primary runway have not yet been installed.

[edit] Airlines and Destinations

[edit] Terminal 1

[edit] Domestic

[edit] International

[edit] Terminal 2

The Terminal 2 of the airport will start in October 2009 and will be fully completed by 2011.^[36]

[edit] Cargo Terminal

[edit] Future Airlines and destinations

Diosdado Macapagal International Airport (DMIA) has been recognized as being one of the fastest growing airports in the Philippines, and it is growing at a fast rate. As DMIA continues to develop, a number of potential airlines have chosen DMIA as their newest hub, focus city, or destination. ^[37]

Philippine Airlines

The Philippines' flag carrier Philippine Airlines and Clark International Airport Corporation (CIAC) are seen to close a deal soon that allows PAL to construct flight, maintenance, and catering facilities at DMIA.^[38] PAL will be investing US$50 million to construct strategic facilities at the airport, and the airline could move in at DMIA after the second phase of the airport's expansion project.^[38]

Tair Airways

Tair Airways plans to operate daily passenger flights, initially to and from Jeddah and Riyadh in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The airline obtained a Temporary Operator’s Permit on October 27, 2006 and the former Air Transportation Office (now Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines) already granted the company an Air Carrier Operating Certificate, valid for 12 months, starting October 28, 2006. However, as of February 2009, the airline has yet to commence flights.

[edit] Awards

• Center for Asia Pacific Aviation Low-Cost Airport of the Year (2006)^[39]

• Frost & Sullivan Asia Pacific Aerospace and Defense Awards Airport of the Year (2008) (for airports under 15 million passengers category)^[40]

[edit] Ground Transportation

Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway

The Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway (SCTEx) provides access to Clark Special Economic Zone (CSEZ), including the Diosdado Macapagal International Airport, through two exits. The Bases Conversion Development Authority (BCDA) opened Panday Pira Road on December 23, 2008, and it is connected to the Clark North interchange in Mabalacat, Pampanga, where it leads straight to CSEZ on the left and Sacobia in Bamban town to the right. The Clark South interchange leads directly to the airport, Angeles, Tarlac, and the Subic Bay Freeport Zone, and it is due to be finished by February 2009.^[34]

North Luzon Railway

Construction has begun on a new US$421 million North Luzon project (initiated by the Philippine National Railways), scheduled for completion by 2010.^[41] Two separate lines will be constructed, one for the Airport Railway, and another for the NorthRail commuter and high speed rail line serving Metro Manila and the northern Luzon provinces.

Bus

There are regular bus services to various destinations from the airport, charging from PH₱300 for Cubao (Quezon City), Mariveles, and Avenida (Manila), to PH₱350 for SM Megamall, Pasay City and Baguio City.^[42] Operators include:

• Genesis Transport (for Mariveles)
• Partas (for Baguio and the rest of Northern Luzon except Laoag; and Avenida)
• Philtranco (for Pasay, Cubao, and SM Megamall)

Taxi

Taxi stands are located in the arrival halls^[42], and prices are based on the meter. Operators include:

• Airport Shuttle Service Inc.
• Avis Philippines
• Triangle Taxi

[edit] Current Projects

[edit] New In-Flight Catering Service Facility

Philippine Airlines

Philippine Airlines has recently mentioned plans to make DMIA the airline's main hub for maintenance, ground-handling and catering services. Talks for long-term lease are in progress for PH₱5 billion to obtain 30 hectares at DMIA to build a new facility for PAL by 2010.^[14] In April 2008, details that Macroasia Corporation, the airline services company of Lucio Tan and PAL, said it had signed an agreement with First Metro Investment Corp. for a PH₱450 million standby credit line for expanding its facilities at NAIA and DMIA.^[14] Macroasia management has obtained permission to invest US$100 million in the Clark DMIA maintenance, ground-handling and catering facility, depending on results of ongoing feasibility studies and on projected demands from various airlines. ^[14]

Enter Gate Gourmet

Enter Gate Gourmet, one of the world’s largest in-flight catering service providers, is in a joint venture with Miascor to construct and maintain an in-flight catering facility at DMIA.^[14] As of November 2007, work has begun on the first phase of a 3,000 square meter, US$2 million, world-class catering facility on the grounds of DMIA, close to the current CIAC administrative offices. A second phase will be built, for an additional US$ 5million, that will eventually serve up to 4,000 meals a day as DMIA allows major long-haul international carriers from around the world to operate.^[14] The Enter Gate Gourmet/Miascor catering facility is an important project that will potentially attract Middle Eastern and other airlines for it will provide quality meals for various flights.^[14]

[edit] New MRO Facilities

SIA Engineering Company

SIA Engineering Company (SIAEC) will pour an initial US$100 million investment to set up a world-class aircraft maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) facility at DMIA.^[14] The facility will occupy a 10-hectare property at the DMIA which would be the center of repair, maintenance and overhaul of various wide- and narrow-bodied aircraft, such as the Airbus A380^[43], currently the world’s largest aircraft, A320, Boeing 747-800 and Boeing 777, among others.^[14] SIAEC, a major provider of aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul services in the Asia-Pacific region, is part of the Singapore Airlines Group and provides maintenance services at Singapore Changi Airport for more than 60 international carriers, including airframe and component overhaul on some of the most advanced and widely-used commercial aircraft in the world.^[14]

Kuwait and Gulf Link

The Kuwait and Gulf Link (KGL) project, initially costing about US$25 million, will cover aviation-related and dependent businesses, including, but not limited to warehousing, distribution, multi-nodal logistics, light manufacturing alongside complementary business operations, and facilities to support aviation-related activities within the Civil Aviation Complex of DMIA.^[14] KGL will occupy at least 1.25 million square meters (125 hectares) at the Civil Aviation Complex for the development of a world-class logistics park. ^[14]

Spirit of Manila Airlines

On November 9, 2008, officials of Clark International Airport Corporation (CIAC) and Spirit of Manila Airlines led the groundbreaking ceremonies for the construction of a PH₱1 billion aircraft hangar facility at the DMIA.^[11] The hangar is expected to be completed by mid-2009 which will house wide bodied aircraft such as the Boeing 747-8 and Airbus A320.^[12] Spirit of Manila Airlines has acquired a ten-hectare property inside the Civil Aviation Complex, in which the hangar will occupy one hectare of the area.^[44] The hangar can even accommodate the Airbus A380, currently the largest passenger aircraft in the world.^[45]

[edit] References

[edit] See also

• Diosdado Macapagal

[edit] External links

• Diosdado Macapagal International Airport
• Clark Development Corporation
• Current weather for RPLC at NOAA/NWS
• Accident history for CRK at Aviation Safety Network
• GMA NEWS.TV, Arroyo wants DMIA become top airport amid plan to close NAIA

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