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Dictioglomi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria;
Phylum:	Dictyoglomi;
Class:	Dictyoglomi;
Order:	Dictyoglomales;
Family:	Dictyoglomaceae;
Genus:	Dictyoglomus;
Species:	D. thermophilum;
Binomial name
	Dictyoglomus thermophilum; Saiki et al. 1985

Dictyoglomus thermophilum is a species of bacterium,^[1] given its own phylum, called the Dictyoglomi. This organism is extremely thermophilic, meaning it thrives at extremely high temperatures. It is chemoorganotrophic, meaning it derives energy by metabolizing organic molecules so this is an anaerobic bacterium. This organism is of interest because it elaborates an enzyme, xylanase, which digests xylan, a heteropolymer of the pentose sugar xylose. By pretreating wood pulp with this enzyme, paper manufacturers can achieve comparable levels of whiteness with much less chlorine bleach.

It has been described as Gram negative, with a triple-layered wall.^[2]

[edit] References

^ Morris DD, Gibbs MD, Chin CW, et al (May 1998). "Cloning of the xynB gene from Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1 and action of the gene product on kraft pulp". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64 (5): 1759–65. PMID 9572948. PMC 106227. http://aem.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9572948.
^ Kristjansson, Jakob K. (1992). Thermophilic bacteria. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 133. ISBN 0-8493-5239-8.

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[pmid9572948-0] Morris DD, Gibbs MD, Chin CW, et al (May 1998). "Cloning of the xynB gene from Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1 and action of the gene product on kraft pulp". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64 (5): 1759–65. PMID 9572948. PMC 106227. http://aem.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9572948.

[isbn0-8493-5239-8-1] Kristjansson, Jakob K. (1992). Thermophilic bacteria. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 133. ISBN 0-8493-5239-8.

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