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Dental instruments are the tools that dental professionals use to provide dental treatment. They include tools to examine, manipulate, restore and remove teeth and surrounding oral structures.

Standard instruments are the instruments used to examine, restore and extract teeth and manipulate tissues.

Contents 1 Examination instruments 1.1 Mirror 1.2 Probes 2 Retractors 3 Local anesthesia 4 Dental drills 4.1 Burs 4.2 Operative burs 5 Restorative instruments 5.1 Excavators 6 Burnishers 7 Pluggers 8 Periodontal scalers 8.1 Curettes 8.2 Ultrasonic scalers 9 Prosthodontic instruments 9.1 Removable prosthodontics 10 Extraction/surgical instruments 10.1 Dental forceps 10.2 Elevators 10.3 Chisels 11 Orthodontic instruments 12 Endodontic instruments 13 Technology 14 See also

[edit] Examination instruments

These tools allow the dental professional to manipulate tissues, to allow better visual access during treatment or during dental examination.

[edit] Mirror

Dental mirrors are used by the dentist or dental auxiliary to view a mirror image of the teeth in locations of the mouth where visibility is difficult or impossible. They also are useful for reflecting light onto desired surfaces, and with retraction of soft tissues to improve access or vision.

[edit] Probes

• Sickle probe (dental explorer),
• Periodontal probe, straight probe

[edit] Retractors

• Mouth prop, dental mirror, cheek retractor, tongue retractor, lip retractor.

[edit] Local anesthesia

Dental anesthesia and Dental syringe.

[edit] Dental drills

High speed air driven, slow speed, friction grip, surgical hand piece. Straight handpiece with a sharp bur.

[edit] Burs

Dental Burs cutting surface are either made of a multifluted tungsten carbide, a diamond coated tip or a stainless steel multi fluted rosehead. There are many different types and classifications of burs some of the most common are: the round bur (sizes ¼ to 10) or inverted cone (sizes 33½ to 90L) Burs are also classified by the type of shank. For instance a latch type, or right angle bur is only used in the slow speed handpiece with contra-angle attachment. Long shank or shaft is only used in the slow speed when the contra-angle is not in use, and finally a friction grip bur which is a small bur used only in the high-speed handpiece.

There are many bur shapes that are utilized in various specific procedures.

[edit] Operative burs

Flat fissure, pear-shaped, football, round, tapered, flame, chamfer, bevel, bud bur, steel, inverted cone, diamond, brown stone, greenstone

[edit] Restorative instruments

[edit] Excavators

• spoon excavator: which is used to remove soft carious decay
• half hollenbach: this instrument is usually used to test for overhangs or flash
• Chisels:

Straight - bevels the cavosurface margin and used in 3, 4 and 5 classifications of cavities on the maxillary. Wedelstaedt - only used in the anterior for classes 3, 4 and 5 as well. Bin Angle - this is held in a pen grasp and used for class 2 maxillary only.

[edit] Burnishers

• flat plastic, ball burnisher, beavertail burnisher, cone burnisher, J Burnisher, pear shaped burnisher

[edit] Pluggers

• Amalgam plugger, 49 plugger

[edit] Periodontal scalers

[edit] Curettes

Universal curettes, Gracey curettes resr

[edit] Ultrasonic scalers

[edit] Prosthodontic instruments

[edit] Removable prosthodontics

Spatula, Fox plane, Willis Gauge, Bunsen burner, wax knife, Le cron, calipers

[edit] Extraction/surgical instruments

[edit] Dental forceps

Upper Universals, Upper Universal Fine, Lower universals, Upper Canine, Upper straight long, Upper straight short, Upper right molar, Upper left molar, Upper wisdom tooth, Greyhound, Root, Bayonet

[edit] Elevators

Narrow and wide straight and curved luxators, Couplands, Warrick James, Cryer, periosteal elevator, root-tip pick, potts, Cogswell-A.

[edit] Chisels

Osteotome

[edit] Orthodontic instruments

Ligature

distal end cutters,weingarts

[edit] Endodontic instruments

K-file, hedstrom file, gates glidden, finger spreader, Lentulo spiral, straight probe, apex locator, microscope, plugger WHT .

[edit] Technology

[edit] See also

• Dentistry
• Dentist & dental auxiliary

v • d • e Dentistry Recognized Specialties (in the United States) Endodontics - Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology - Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics - Pediatric Dentistry - Periodontics - Prosthodontics - Dental public health - Restorative Dentistry Unrecognized Specialties (in the United States) Cosmetic Dentistry - Dental Implantology - Temporomandibular Joint Disorder - Geriatric dentistry Other Forensic Odontology - Dental Traumatology - Oral pathology Procedures Dental extraction - Tooth filling - Root canal therapy - Root end surgery - Scaling and root planing - Teeth cleaning -Tooth bonding - Tooth polishing - Tooth bleaching See also List of oral health and dental topics - List of basic dentistry topics - Oral hygiene - Dental instruments - Restorative materials