The Dělo Automobilní Nabíjené Automaticky (self-propelled auto-loading gun), also known as Samohybná Kanónová Húfnica vzor 77 (ShKH-77) (self-propelled gun howitzer model 77) was designed by Konštrukta Trenčín and built by ZTS Dubnica nad Váhom in the former Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia) as the first wheeled 152 mm self-propelled artillery gun to enter service. It was introduced in the 1970s. It is based on the 8x8 Tatra 815 truck, the best off-road truck at the time. Currently it is in service with the Czech Republic, Libya, Poland, Georgia and Slovakia.

Wheeled vehicles have the advantage of being cheaper to build and easier to maintain with greater mobility. Tire pressure can be regulated to allow good mobility off-road and there is power-assisted steering on the front four wheels. It lowers 3 hydraulic stabilizers into the ground prior to firing, and has a roof mounted crane to assist with ammunition loading.

The crew of the DANA consists of the driver (operates the hydraulic stabilizers) and commander sitting in the front cabin, the gunner (aims the gun and opens fire) and loader operator (selects the appropriate amount of powder charges) are on the left side of the turret, the ammo handler (sets the shells' primers) is on the right side turret.

Contents 1 Development history 2 Aiming system 3 Ammunition 4 General characteristics 5 Variants 5.1 152 mm ShKH Ondava 5.2 155 mm ShKH Zuzana 5.3 155 mm ShKH Himalaya 5.4 152 mm ShKH MODAN 6 Combat history 7 Operators 7.1 Former operators 8 References

[edit] Development history

The DANA was designed in the 1970s by Konštrukta Trenčín to fill the role of an indirect fire support weapon without buying the Soviet 2S3 Akatsiya self propelled artillery. In 1976 the team of designers finished work on the DANA project and production was passed to ZTS Dubnica nad Váhom.

It is a 152 mm gun mounted on an 8x8 Tatra T815 truck. It was a significant departure from traditional self-propelled guns as it used a wheeled carriage. It was accepted for service in 1981 and by 1994 over 750 units had been built.

DANA's unique feature is that its autoloader is able to load a shell and a cartridge in any elevation of the barrel. Although this feature is nowadays considered as standard, Dana was one of the first such artillery systems in the time of its introduction to service.

[edit] Aiming system

As there is no gyroscopic or similar system for independent, automated and autonomous gun laying of DANA, the gunner of DANA uses panoramic telescope with a horizontal scale to set the appropriate horizontal laying via aiming at directing points. This means there needs to be an additional device to help gun laying of DANA (in fact, the firing positions of such artillery systems are usually prepared BEFORE the guns are stationed there). After laying the gun in horizontal plane, the gunner uses bubbles to level the desired gun elevation.

[edit] Ammunition

Currently, there are three main shell types used by Czech Army:

1) 152-EOF, which means "high-explosive" with a maximum range of 18 km

2) 152-EOFd, which means "high-explosive long-range" with a maximum range of 20 km

3) 152-EPrSv, which means "high-explosive anti-tank" used for direct-fire at armored targets

[edit] General characteristics

• Length: 10.5 m (34.44 ft)
• Width: 2.8 m (9 ft)
• Height: 2.6 m (8.53 ft)
• Weight: 23,000 kg (50,706 lbs)
• Performance:
  • Maximum Road Speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)
  • Range: 600 km (373 mi)
  • Rate of Fire: 3 rpm for 30 minutes
  • Maximum Gun Range: 18 km (11 mi)
  • Fording: 1.4 m (4.59 ft)
  • Vertical Obstacle: 1.5 m (5 ft)
  • Trench: 1.4 m (4.59 ft)
• Crew: 4 to 5
• Armament:
  • Primary: 152 mm gun-howitzer, length: 5,580 mm (37 calibers)
  • Secondary: 12.7 mm MG DŠKM
• Elevation: -4° to +70°
• Traverse: ±45°
• Powerplant: one V-12 air cooled diesel Tatra T930-34 engine delievering 345 horsepower (257.27 kW)

[edit] Variants

[edit] 152 mm ShKH Ondava

The ShKH Ondava is a development step started during late eighties with a longer 152 mm barrel (47 calibers), new muzzle brake (2 chamber), new loading mechanism etc. Max range is 30 km. The Ondava project ended with the velvet revolution and dissolution of the Czechoslavokian state but, technical experience was used carried over to the Zuzana project.

[edit] 155 mm ShKH Zuzana

The ShKH Zuzana has been modified with a 155 mm gun to conform to NATO standards. First adopted by the Slovak Army in 1998, the Slovak Army currently possesses 16 such units with plans to adopt more by 2010.

[edit] 155 mm ShKH Himalaya

The ShKH Himalaya was next step in development of the 155 mm systems in Slovakia. It is tracked variant of ShKH Zuzana with 155 mm gun mounted on a T-72 chassis.

[edit] 152 mm ShKH MODAN

The ShKH MODAN is an upgrade of DANA with longer range, higher accuracy and rate of fire. The upgrade consists of a new powerful on-board control system that enables increase of combat efficiency, simplification of control and reduction of crew from 5 to 4 members.

[edit] Combat history

The DANA was used by the Georgian army during the 2008 South Ossetia war.

4-9 DANA's are thought to have been destroyed by a Russian air strike. According to Russian sources 3 were captured.

[edit] Operators

•  Czech Republic - 164 (to 1 July 2008) of original 273
•  Libya - 120
•  Poland - 111 ^[1]
•  Slovakia - 135
•  Georgia - 47

[edit] Former operators

•  Czechoslovakia - 408, passed on to successor states.

[edit] References

"152 mm ShKH Dana vz.77". GlobalSecurity.Org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/dana.htm. Retrieved May 27, 2006. 
"MODAN - 152 mm Self-propelled Gun Howitzer". www.kotadef.sk. http://www.kotadef.sk/uk_04_03.html. Retrieved October 10, 2007. 
"ZUZANA - 155 mm Self-propelled Gun Howitzer". www.kotadef.sk. http://www.kotadef.sk/uk_04_04.html. Retrieved October 10, 2007. 
"HIMALAYA - 155 mm Self-propelled Gun Howitzer". www.kotadef.sk. http://www.kotadef.sk/uk_04_02.html. Retrieved October 10, 2007. 

• Hogg, Ian (2000). Twentieth-Century Artillery. Friedman/Fairfax Publishers. ISBN 1-58663-299-X

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