Cynopolis (Greek for "city of the dog")^[1] was the name for two ancient Egyptian cities.

Contents 1 Cynopolis superior 2 Cynopolis inferior 3 References and footnotes 4 Bibliography

[edit] Cynopolis superior

Cynopolis, the Greek name for the ancient Egyptian town Hardai ^[2] in the seventeenth nome of Upper Egypt, was home to the cult of Anupet, the feminine form of Anubis ^[3], and of Anubis ^[4]. A burial ground for dogs is found on the opposite Nile bank near Hamatha. Rivalries between neighbouring cities are reported: according to Plutarch (De Iside, 72) when an inhabitant of Cynopolis ate an Oxyrrhynchos fish the people of Oxyrrhynchos started attacking dogs in revenge which resulted in a little civil war.^[5]

According to Ptolemy the town was situated on an island in the river.^[6] The modern settlement identified with Cynopolis is el Kays. ^[7] The nome of Cynopolis extended to both banks of the Nile.^[8]

Cynopolis was destroyed by the vice-roy of Nubia Pinehesy during the reign of Ramses XI, and the survivors were enslaved ^[9].

[edit] Cynopolis inferior

There was a second Cynopolis, referred to as Cynopolis Inferior or Cynum,^[10] which was located in the Busirite nome in the Nile delta,^[11][12] modern Meniet ebn Kasib.^[13] Both Cynopolis superior and Cynopolis inferior were bishoprics in Christian times. ^[14]

[edit] References and footnotes

1. ^ Room, op.cit., p.102
2. ^ Edwards et al.,op.cit., p.631
3. ^ Rice, op.cit., p.152
4. ^ Helck, op.cit., p.113
5. ^ Sayce et al., op.cit., p.77
6. ^ Lane, op.cit., p.31
7. ^ Lane, op.cit., p.27
8. ^ Lane, op.cit., p.248
9. ^ Edwards, op.cit., p.631
10. ^ Wiltsch, op.cit., p.184
11. ^ Bingham, op.cit., p.356
12. ^ Müller, op.cit., p.786
13. ^ Hardouin, op.cit., p.464
14. ^ Wiltsch, op.cit., pp.184f.

[edit] Bibliography

• Adrian Room, Placenames Of The World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites, McFarland & Company 2006
• I. E. S. Edwards et al. The Cambridge ancient history, Cambridge University Press
• Michael Rice, Swifter Than the Arrow: The Golden Hunting Hounds of Ancient Egypt, I.B.Tauris 2000
• Wolfgang Helck, Die altägyptischen Gaue, L. Reichert 1974
• Edward William Lane, Description of Egypt: Notes and Views in Egypt and Nubia, American Univ. in Cairo Press 2000, ISBN 9774245253. The text was written in the 1830s.
• Archibald Henry Sayce, Gaston Maspero, M. L. McClure, L. W. King, H. R. Hall, History of Egypt, Chaldea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, The Grolier Society 1904
• Joseph Bingham, The Antiquities of the Christian Church Part 1, Kessinger Publishing 2005
• Jean Hardouin, Ange Augustin Thomas Pihan Delaforest eds., Historiae naturalis libri XXXVII By the Elder Pliny, N.E. Lemaire 1828
• Karl Otfried Müller, Strabonis Geographicorum tabulae XV by Strabo, Editore Ambrosio Firmin

Didot 1877

• Johann Elieser Theodor Wiltsch, Handbuch der kirchlichen Geographie Statistik von den Zeiten der Apostel bis zu dem Anfange des sechszehnten Jahrhunderts

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