Craniofacial surgery is a surgical subspecialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, and ENT that deals with congenital and acquired deformities of the skull, face, and jaws. Although craniofacial treatment often involves manipulation of bone, craniofacial surgery is not tissue-specific, i.e., craniofacial surgeons deal with bone, skin, muscle, teeth, etc. Craniofacial surgery does not, however, include surgery of the brain or eye.

Defects typically treated by craniofacial surgeons include craniosynostosis (isolated and syndromic), rare craniofacial clefts, acute and chronic sequellae of facial fractures, cleft lip and palate, micrognathia, Treacher Collins Syndrome, Apert's Syndrome, Crouzon's Syndrome, hemifacial microsomia and many others.

Training in craniofacial surgery usually consists of a 1-year surgical fellowship completed after a residency in either plastic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, or otolaryngology.

Contents 1 Ethical considerations 2 See also 3 External links 4 Further reading

[edit] Ethical considerations

The Hastings Center, a prominent bioethics research institute, conducted a project called "Surgically Shaping Children". The project produced an edited volume (Parens, 2006) which considers reconstructive surgery on children with craniofacial anomalies, ambiguous genitalia, and achondroplasia.

[edit] See also

• Oral and maxillofacial surgery
• Plastic surgery

[edit] External links

• Information about Craniofacial Surgery for Children and Adults
• BAOMS - What is craniofacial surgery?
• [1]
• Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
• European Association of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
• International Society of Craniofacial Surgery

[edit] Further reading

Parens, E., Ed. (2006). Surgically Shaping Children : Technology, Ethics, and the Pursuit of Normality. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8305-9.

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