Conservative liberalism[1][2] is a variant of liberalism, combining liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or, more simply, representing the right-wing of the liberal movement.[3] The roots of it are to be found at the beginning of the history of liberalism: until the World Wars, in most European countries the political class was formed by conservative liberals, from Germany to Italy.
Conservative liberalism is a more positive and less radical version of classical liberalism.[4] The events such as World War I occurring after 1917 brought the more radical version of classical liberalism to a more conservative, or more moderate, type of liberalism.[5]
Conservative liberal parties combine liberal policies with more traditional stances on social and ethical issues.[6] They are generally supporters of economic liberalism and they often identify themselves as law and order-parties, which are tougher on crime and support higher levels of punishment and are more committed to fighting terrorism.[citation needed] Conservative liberals differ from social liberals because they place less emphasis on ethical issues and are often in favour of stricter control of illegal immigration and are usually less tolerant of multiculturalism.[citation needed]
In Europe one should not confuse conservative liberalism with liberal conservatism[7], that is a variant of conservatism combining conservatives views with liberal policies in regard of the economy, social and ethical issues.[6]
[edit] Historical development
Conservative liberal parties have tended to develop in those European countries where there was no strong secular conservative party and where the separation of church and state was less on issue. In those countries, where the conservative parties were christian-democratic, this conservative brand of liberalism developed.[1][3]
[edit] Conservative-liberal parties worldwide
[edit] Current conservative-liberal parties
[edit] Parties with conservative-liberal factions
[edit] Historical conservative-liberal parties or parties with conservative-liberal factions
[edit] References
- ^ a b c http://www.wikipolitique.fr/Libéralisme_conservateur
- ^ http://www.parties-and-elections.de/contents.html
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l M. Gallagher, M. Laver and P. Mair, Representative Government in Europe, p. 221.
- ^ R.T. Allen, Beyond Liberalism, p. 2.
- ^ R.T. Allen, Beyond Liberalism, p. 13.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k http://www.parties-and-elections.de/contents.html
- ^ http://www.mmisi.org/ir/39_01_2/lawler.pdf
- ^ R.B. Andeweg and G.A. Irwin, Government & Politics in the Netherlands, 2002, Palgrave, p. 48.
[edit] See also
