Coagulase is an enzyme produced by Staphylococcus aureus that converts fibrinogen to fibrin. In the laboratory, it is used to distinguish between different types of Staphylococcus isolates. Coagulase negativity excludes S. aureus. (That is to say, S. aureus is coagulase-positive.)

It is also produced by Yersinia pestis.^[1]

Coagulase reacts with prothrombin in the blood. The resulting complex is called staphylothrombin, which causes blood to clot by converting fibrinogen to fibrin. Coagulase is tightly bound to the surface of the bacteria S. aureus and can coat its surface with fibrin upon contact with blood. It has been proposed that fibrin-coated staphylococci resist phagocytosis making the bacteria more virulent. Bound coagulase is part of the larger family of MSCRAMMS

[edit] Coagulase test

The coagulase test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci. The test uses rabbit plasma that has been inoculated with a staphylococcal colony. The tube is then incubated at 37 degrees Celsius for 1-1/2 hours. If negative then continue incubation up to 24 hours.

• If positive (i.e., the suspect colony is S. aureus), the serum will coagulate,^[2] resulting in a clot (sometimes the clot is so pronounced that the liquid will completely solidify).
• If negative, the plasma remains liquid. The negative result may be S. epidermidis but only a more detailed identification test can confirm this. Using biochemical tests as like in API tests and BBL CRYSTAL methods.

• List of coagulase-positive staphylococci:

Staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Staphylococcus delphini, Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococcus intermedius, Staphylococcus lutrae, Staphylococcus schleiferi subsp. coagulans.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Tube coagulase test - rabbit plasma video
• MeSH Coagulase
• Coagulase Test Procedure

v • d • e Hydrolase: proteases (EC 3.4) 3.4.11-19: Exopeptidase 3.4.11 Aminopeptidase (Alanine, Arginyl, Aspartyl, Cystinyl, Leucyl, Glutamyl, Methionyl (1, 2), O) 3.4.13 Dipeptidase (1, 2, 3) 3.4.14 Dipeptidyl peptidase (Cathepsin C, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4) · Tripeptidyl peptidase (Tripeptidyl peptidase I, Tripeptidyl peptidase II) 3.4.15 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 3.4.16 Serine type carboxypeptidases: Cathepsin A · DD-transpeptidase 3.4.17 Metallocarboxypeptidases: Carboxypeptidase (A, A2, B, C, E, Glutamate II) Other/ungrouped Metalloexopeptidase 3.4.21-24: Endopeptidase Serine proteases · Cysteine protease · Aspartic acid protease · Metalloendopeptidases Other/ungrouped: Amyloid precursor protein secretase (Alpha secretase, Beta secretase, Gamma secretase) 3.4.99: Unknown Staphylokinase

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